定語(yǔ)從句教案。
幼兒教師教育網(wǎng)的編輯今天為大家推薦的是一篇關(guān)于“定語(yǔ)從句教案”的經(jīng)典佳作。對(duì)于每個(gè)老師來(lái)說(shuō),備課教案和課件的準(zhǔn)備是必不可少的技能。充分考慮學(xué)生的反饋,可以更好地滿足學(xué)生的需求和興趣。希望這篇文章對(duì)你有所幫助,記得要收藏哦!
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 知識(shí)目標(biāo):掌握下列重點(diǎn)單詞和詞組的意思及用法ache, evercise, weight, give up, interest及其詞匯轉(zhuǎn)化
2. 能力目標(biāo):能夠詢問(wèn)有關(guān)健康的信息,表達(dá)態(tài)度,提供建議。學(xué)習(xí)使用由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。
3.情感目標(biāo):通過(guò)了解tony 的經(jīng)歷,培養(yǎng)體諒、關(guān)愛(ài)他人的情感態(tài)度。
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
1.重點(diǎn):對(duì)話中的句型應(yīng)用,由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
2.難點(diǎn):由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)用。
教學(xué)工具
課件
教學(xué)過(guò)程
[課前朗讀]: 朗讀生詞ache, exercise, weight, give up, interest, tasty----taste, menu, persuade.根據(jù)音標(biāo)讀出單詞并了解漢語(yǔ)意思,養(yǎng)成學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的習(xí)慣,促使學(xué)生迅速進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)。
[檢查詞匯預(yù)習(xí)]:
a.采取學(xué)生結(jié)對(duì)、小組互查等形式來(lái)檢查學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的預(yù)習(xí)情況。
b.朗讀單詞,注意發(fā)音。
一、情境導(dǎo)入
教師可問(wèn)學(xué)生:(1)What’s your favourite sport?(2) How do you think we can keep fit?(3) Have you ever remembered what happened to Tony in Module9?這樣會(huì)調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)思維的積極性, 引出本單元話題。
二、小聽(tīng)力(自主完成,合作釋疑)
聽(tīng)Activity 2,完成表格
Betty
Lingling
Taijiquan
Weight
training
Running
針對(duì)表格進(jìn)行說(shuō)的練習(xí)。如:How does Lingling think of Taijiquan and running?
三、大聽(tīng)力 多層聽(tīng)
1.聽(tīng)Activity 3,完成下列各題。
1).Who has Betty bumped into?
A. The head teacher B. The English teacher C.Lingling and Betty
2).Does Daming think that the boy in his team can go to a sports school ?
A. Yes, he does B. No, he doesn’t C. We don’t know
3).What does Daming want the head teacher to write ?
A. Something about staying healthy
B. Something about training for the Olympics
C. something about buying a camera
2. 再聽(tīng)Activity 3,完成下列表格。
1. How did Tony feel
the basketball training? 1. He feels very
2. What will the boy in Daming’s team need to do? 2. He needs to do a lot of___ _____
3. Why isn’t allowed to use his father’s camera any more? 3. Because he almost __ ______ it last time.
四、默讀對(duì)話,自主完成Activity 4.
完成后小組展示并糾正。小組間合作解決activity 3中不懂的地方,教師適時(shí)點(diǎn)撥。
五、突破重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
對(duì)重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容和疑難問(wèn)題進(jìn)行合作探究學(xué)習(xí)。
1.My legs ache a bit. ___________________(翻譯)
(1) a bit 譯為_(kāi)____________. 其同義短語(yǔ)是___________.
自主造句:_______________________________.
2. Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.__________________________.
give up, 放棄。其中up是代詞,后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可放在短語(yǔ) ,也可放在 ,而跟代詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能放 。例如:give it/them up放棄做某事----give up doing sth.
自主造句: _______________________.
我們學(xué)過(guò)的可加動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有
3.He is not fit or strong enough.____________________________
總結(jié)enough 的用法并舉例
自主造句:
4. I’ve got a friend whose brother is training for the Olympics.此句含有一個(gè)whose 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,whose在從句中作定語(yǔ),又如:
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman.
There is a boy whose parents want him to go to a sports school.
先行詞為無(wú)生命的物體時(shí)也可以用whose 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.如:
The book whose cover is green is mine.
No one now lives in the room whose windows are broken.
5.找出含有whose 的定語(yǔ)從句并翻譯句子。分析定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞。
5. 自主補(bǔ)充完善
六、歸納短語(yǔ)
通過(guò)對(duì)對(duì)話的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生歸納本課的短語(yǔ),可以小組合作,然后通過(guò)展示呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)小組的成果,然后其他小組補(bǔ)充完善。
七、誦讀積累
(一)跟錄音機(jī)朗讀對(duì)話,模仿語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。
(二)讀熟對(duì)話
(三)讀爛短語(yǔ)
(四)讀爛下列重點(diǎn)句子
1.Don’t give up if you want to stay fit.
2. He isn’t fit or strong enough.
3.I’m not allowed to use it any more.
4.It’s my father who gives me my pocket money.
5. Don’t talk to me about that.
6. What’s up?
7.Guess what?
8. (含有whose的定語(yǔ)從句)
八、說(shuō)的訓(xùn)練:
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 5.
九、當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)
翻譯下列短語(yǔ)及句子:
1.放棄___________________
2.一點(diǎn)_____________________________
3.保持健康 _______________
4.足夠強(qiáng)壯_________________
5.碰巧遇到_________________
6.發(fā)生什么事了?_________________
7.看起來(lái)像 ________________
8.祝你好運(yùn) ________________
一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
限制性定語(yǔ)從句,顧名思義,是對(duì)先行詞從本質(zhì)或特征上進(jìn)行限制的一種定語(yǔ)從句,它所修飾的詞代表一個(gè)(些)或一類特定的人或事、物。
例如: A man who doesn’t want to learn from others can’t achieve much. 一個(gè)不向別人學(xué)習(xí)的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 A man被限定后,指一類特定的人。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句是不能去掉的,否則剩下的部分就失去意義而不能成立。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句則不然,它只對(duì)所修飾的詞作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明,去掉之后并不影響整個(gè)句子的含義。在形式上,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常必須有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。
例如: Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present.
最后我們參觀了長(zhǎng)江三峽大壩,它是目前世界上最大的水利樞紐工程。
本句若去掉定語(yǔ)從句,主句部分的含義仍然完整。歷年的高考題中,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是出現(xiàn)頻率最高的考點(diǎn)之一,因此值得我們注意。
二、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的which可以指代前面的先行詞,也可以指代前面整個(gè)句子。
例如: That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around.
彼特要娶愛(ài)麗斯這件事還沒(méi)宣布,卻已被傳得沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)。
句子中的which指代“彼特要娶愛(ài)麗斯”這件事。
三、除which外,還可用when, where, who,whom等關(guān)系副詞或關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
例如: After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 畢業(yè)后,我決定留在重慶,在那里我度過(guò)了我的童年和四年大學(xué)生活。 Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II, when Jews were badly treated in Germany. 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,愛(ài)因斯坦離開(kāi)德國(guó)去了美國(guó),那時(shí)猶太人在德國(guó)受到極大的歧視。 注意:that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
四、在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,如果先行詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞可以省略;
但引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞不能省,同時(shí)關(guān)系代詞whom不能用who替換。試比較: The American journalist (whom / who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. 播音員在新聞廣播中提到的那位美國(guó)記者據(jù)說(shuō)已經(jīng)被匪徒殺害了。 He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved and respected as his own mother. 他急于想去醫(yī)院看望他的繼母,他像對(duì)親生母親一樣愛(ài)戴和尊敬她。
鞏固性練習(xí):
從A、B、C、D中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1. She heard the terrible noise, _____ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what
3. The weather turned out to be very good,____ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it
4. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,____ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
5. The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital, ____ she spent her 19th birthday. A. that B. which C. where D. and【W(wǎng)ww.gsi8.Com 工作匯報(bào)網(wǎng)】
(答案bbbc)
1 . 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)
2 . as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置比較靈活,可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,還可插在主句的中間;而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。例如:
3 . Aseverybodycanseeaswasusual
4 . the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha th street
5 . Theearth,asisknowntousall,turnsaroundthesun
6 . Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember
7 . HeisgoingtovisitourschoolinApril,whenhewillgive/deliverusalectureabouthowtolearnEnglish
8 . as和which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的比較:
9 . ②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí)
10 . ThustheArabUmayyeddynastyofcaliphs,whichhadmovedthecapitalfromMedinetoDamascusin,cametoberegardedwithmuchjustificationasaparasiticcliquethathadoutliveditsusefulnessoncetheconquestswerecompleted
一、把下列每對(duì)句子合并成含有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句:
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根據(jù)句子意思,在第一個(gè)空白處填入介詞,在第二個(gè)填入關(guān)系代詞whom或which:
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、選擇填空:
1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.
2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?
A. when B. where C. which D. who
8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ____ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. that B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ____came last night.
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
A. where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D. /
23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom
26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
A. the one B. where C. in which D. /
28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were
31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it
33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.
40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which
41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what
46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
48. He is absent ____ is often the case.
49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
52. This is the only book ____ I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.
A. something could do B. anything we could do
C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do
一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC
26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB
教學(xué)內(nèi)容:discovering useful structures部分首先要求學(xué)生從文中找出定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行分析,其次考查了定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞的選擇。
教材和學(xué)生分析:
本案例是從實(shí)際應(yīng)用的角度學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),在現(xiàn)實(shí)的情境中應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)盡可能從實(shí)際應(yīng)用的角度入手,讓學(xué)生在相對(duì)真實(shí)的日常生活和學(xué)習(xí)的情景中感到在語(yǔ)言的應(yīng)用中需要語(yǔ)法知識(shí),要確保交際的準(zhǔn)確,就需要學(xué)習(xí)和掌握語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。
教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1.掌握定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whose的用法。
2.培養(yǎng)在交際環(huán)境中應(yīng)用定語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。
教師利用多媒體向?qū)W生展示本校優(yōu)美的校園和豐富的校園生活。請(qǐng)學(xué)生描述所看到的情景和人物,教師同時(shí)向?qū)W生用含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子總結(jié)學(xué)生的表述,引出定語(yǔ)從句。
學(xué)生:this is our classroom. it is bright and big. or: this is our classroom. we study in the classroom every day.
教師:this is our classroom that is bright and big. or: this is our classroom where we study every day.
學(xué)生:this is our english teacher. he loves us all. or: this is our english teacher. his pronunciation is perfect.
教師:this is our english teacher who loves us all. or: this is our english teacher whose pronunciation is perfect.
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:
課前用數(shù)碼相機(jī)拍幾張校園里的人和物的圖片,上課時(shí)用多媒體展示給學(xué)生看,讓學(xué)生有親近感,拉近了師生距離,使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生表達(dá)的欲望。
學(xué)生的已有語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)充許他們介紹所看到的圖片,教師在學(xué)生描述的基礎(chǔ)上,用合并兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的方法,導(dǎo)入定語(yǔ)從句。
游戲規(guī)則:
1. 兩個(gè)人配合,一個(gè)人面對(duì)屏幕、另一個(gè)人背對(duì)屏幕,面對(duì)屏幕的用英語(yǔ)解釋屏幕上出現(xiàn)的某種事物,背對(duì)屏幕的那個(gè)人則要根據(jù)同伴的解釋猜出它的名稱。
2. 規(guī)定所猜的單詞必須是教室范圍以內(nèi)的。
3. 全班分幾個(gè)小組,老師在屏幕上展示一張物品或人物圖片,然后由面對(duì)屏幕的同學(xué)用英語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行解釋,解釋對(duì)了而且同伴答對(duì)了,加一分,如果使用定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行解釋,就再加一分。
some objects that are used in the game:
computer, dictionary, textbook, chair, money, door, eraser, television, pocket, chalk, window, pen, glasses, shoes, paper, knife, pencil, keys, clock, door, water, knife, wall, keyboard, floor
door: something you open before you enter a house or a room
water: something that you drink when you are thirsty
television: something which can broadcast news and other programs
…
其中有一些單詞需要用介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)進(jìn)行解釋,如:
dictionary: a book in which we can find the meanings or the pronunciation of a new word
chair: a piece of furniture on which people sit
money: something with which we can buy things
computer: a machine with which we are playing the game
2. 情境設(shè)置:教師先對(duì)教室里的人、事或物進(jìn)行口頭描述。學(xué)生聽(tīng)后作出口頭反應(yīng)(說(shuō)出是誰(shuí)或是什么)。例如:
t: she is a girl who got three gold medals in the last sports meet.
t: right. now another one. it is a book that can tell you the meaning of new words when you study english.
3. 游戲規(guī)則:游戲分初賽和復(fù)賽;初賽后每組選出優(yōu)秀選手3人參加復(fù)賽。為了使任務(wù)更加有趣,組員每猜中一次可得一分;教師將學(xué)生猜中的人或物寫(xiě)在黑板上,以防重復(fù)猜測(cè);最后角逐出前三名,并予以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
4. 操作步驟:
i. 教師布置任務(wù),講清游戲規(guī)則;
ii. 學(xué)生活動(dòng),教師當(dāng)裁判并維持秩序;
iii. 角逐出復(fù)賽選手,復(fù)賽后予以獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
5. 注意事項(xiàng):
學(xué)生熟悉了該游戲后,教師可以加大游戲的難度。教師可以聯(lián)系學(xué)生的實(shí)際,拓寬要猜測(cè)的人、事或物的范圍。教師事先準(zhǔn)備一些圖畫(huà)、照片或卡片(上面有文字),將學(xué)生分為兩組:一組描述,另一組猜測(cè)。例如:
he is the first chinese who travelled in a spaceship.
the girl who played the heroine in titanic.
the city that will hold the 29th olympic games.
the first european who discovered america.
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:
傳統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)法教學(xué)常采用“定義-講解-釋疑-練習(xí)”的方式,很難給學(xué)生提供用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行真實(shí)交際的機(jī)會(huì)。而通過(guò)游戲教學(xué)語(yǔ)法,讓學(xué)生在完成一定的任務(wù)中,在自己已有知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)同伴互助和教師的幫助,在實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程中掌握新知識(shí),新課改強(qiáng)調(diào)讓學(xué)生運(yùn)用所掌握的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)去表達(dá)有意義的思想;而不是僅僅把教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)集中在語(yǔ)言本身的形式上(龔亞夫,羅少茜,)。根據(jù)對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的功能(主要是用來(lái)描述、定義和補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明)的理解,定語(yǔ)從句的教學(xué)不是為了讓學(xué)生能在考試中選出某一道題的正確答案,而是讓學(xué)生能運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句描述或辨別他們所熟悉的。人、事或物,學(xué)會(huì)定義某個(gè)名詞,或通過(guò)閱讀定義準(zhǔn)確理解和掌握詞義。因此,教師在學(xué)生掌握定語(yǔ)從句的基本規(guī)則后,應(yīng)盡可能給學(xué)生提供表達(dá)的機(jī)會(huì),使他們能夠用所學(xué)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行口頭或筆頭的交流,以促使其對(duì)該語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的理解、掌握與運(yùn)用。語(yǔ)法教學(xué)的目的是要通過(guò)靈活的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)來(lái)突出語(yǔ)法的精髓,通過(guò)豐富的情景創(chuàng)設(shè)來(lái)活化語(yǔ)法,讓語(yǔ)法教學(xué)生動(dòng)起來(lái),從而幫助學(xué)生在完成任務(wù)的過(guò)程中將孤立和零碎的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。
要求學(xué)生總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞that/which, who/whom/whose的用法,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的達(dá)成。用多媒體展示如下的表格,要求學(xué)生填寫(xiě)紅色部分。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:
學(xué)生在進(jìn)行大量的口頭練習(xí)后,對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句有了很多的感性認(rèn)識(shí),但這時(shí)的知識(shí)還是不很系統(tǒng)的,因此下一步,教師應(yīng)該幫助學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)言材料進(jìn)行總結(jié),找出其中規(guī)律性的內(nèi)容,這樣便于學(xué)生更好地理解定語(yǔ)從句,從而能更好地在語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐中應(yīng)該定語(yǔ)從句。利用表格進(jìn)行知識(shí)歸納可以使知識(shí)更直觀,更有系統(tǒng)性。
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