英語(yǔ)作文課件。
今天幼兒教師教育網(wǎng)小編整理了英語(yǔ)作文課件。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,老師教學(xué)的首要任務(wù)是備好教案課件,每個(gè)老師對(duì)于寫(xiě)教案課件都不陌生。教案是高質(zhì)量教學(xué)必不可少的部分。相信您在本文中有所收獲!
本課是新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)(Go For It)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第三單元第一課時(shí)。主要圍繞“談?wù)撨^(guò)去發(fā)生的事情”這個(gè)話題展開(kāi)教學(xué)。談?wù)撊绾问褂眠^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),這是本單元的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。為了讓學(xué)生更好的認(rèn)識(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),我重新安排了教學(xué)內(nèi)容:Section A (1a,1b,1c), 和Section B(4b)。把這些內(nèi)容組合在一起。同時(shí)我也創(chuàng)造了一些便于進(jìn)行溝通交流的情境,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱的要求,教學(xué)內(nèi)容的特點(diǎn)和學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平,制定了以下的教學(xué)目標(biāo):
①知識(shí)目標(biāo):
掌握本課中出現(xiàn)的單詞或詞組,并在口頭、筆頭中正確靈活使用。
熟練掌握本課句形。
③情感目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生愛(ài)上英語(yǔ)課堂活動(dòng),鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)谡n堂上進(jìn)行合作交流。
3、學(xué)習(xí)策略:設(shè)計(jì)場(chǎng)景,使學(xué)生采用與同學(xué)相互采訪的方式進(jìn)行交流,學(xué)習(xí)積極參與活動(dòng)。
難點(diǎn):如何在由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
通過(guò)對(duì)教材的分析,得知學(xué)生在七年級(jí)下冊(cè)就學(xué)過(guò)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),并掌握如何使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)描述日?;顒?dòng),而且掌握了一些日?;顒?dòng)的短語(yǔ),有利于他們學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
1、說(shuō)教法:
①任務(wù)型教學(xué)法:給學(xué)生布置任務(wù),讓學(xué)生使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)完成這些任務(wù)。使他們?cè)谌蝿?wù)中學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
②情景教學(xué)法:創(chuàng)造足夠的交際環(huán)境刺激學(xué)生的視聽(tīng)能力,使他們能夠更好的理解這一時(shí)態(tài),以培養(yǎng)他們的聽(tīng)和會(huì)話能力。
③交際教學(xué)法:學(xué)生可以通過(guò)倆倆對(duì)話或小組對(duì)話來(lái)掌握過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
2、說(shuō)學(xué)法:
①鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生要善于把握機(jī)會(huì),用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行溝通,大膽實(shí)踐。
②鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極參加課堂活動(dòng),培養(yǎng)合作關(guān)系。
如果鉆研教材,研究教法和學(xué)法,是搞好教學(xué)的前提和基礎(chǔ)的話,那么合理安排教學(xué)程序,側(cè)是教學(xué)成功的關(guān)鍵之一。為使學(xué)生學(xué)有所獲,我把教學(xué)程序分為以下步驟:
步驟1、組織教學(xué):1)師生互相打招呼;2)值日生報(bào)告步驟2、復(fù)習(xí)舊知,導(dǎo)入新課
1、在屏幕上顯示幾幅畫(huà)片(一學(xué)生在彈吉他、姚明在打籃球、一些人在聚會(huì)、一人在玩電游等)問(wèn):What is he/she doing? 或(What are they doing?) 學(xué)生已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),看著圖片不難回答出來(lái)。(這一環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì),目的是復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),溫故而知新,為學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)做鋪墊。并且利用多媒體將動(dòng)畫(huà)播放出來(lái),極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了學(xué)生的積極性。)2、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境導(dǎo)入新課:讓學(xué)生A離開(kāi)課室,并在門口等候,然后讓學(xué)生B在黑板上寫(xiě)字,學(xué)生C在課室內(nèi)走動(dòng)。接著叫學(xué)生A走進(jìn)課室:
T:(對(duì)學(xué)生B問(wèn))What are you doing?
學(xué)生B回答:I’m writing on the blackboard板書(shū)B(niǎo)的答案。重復(fù)這一個(gè)對(duì)話對(duì)學(xué)生C進(jìn)行提問(wèn),并把C的回答也寫(xiě)在黑板上。接著問(wèn)B:剛才當(dāng)A走進(jìn)課室的時(shí)候你在做什么?此時(shí)老師要幫助學(xué)生一起回答并把答句寫(xiě)在黑板上。并告訴全班同學(xué)當(dāng)A走進(jìn)課室的時(shí)候B正在黑板上寫(xiě)字“B was writing on the blackboard when A came in the classroom.”并讓全班同學(xué)重復(fù)這句話。重復(fù)這個(gè)對(duì)話詢問(wèn)C當(dāng)A走進(jìn)課室的時(shí)候他在做什么?詢問(wèn)其它學(xué)生當(dāng)A走進(jìn)課室的時(shí)候他們又在做什么?并幫助學(xué)生一起回答。(這一環(huán)節(jié)的創(chuàng)設(shè)使學(xué)生在實(shí)際生活中學(xué)英語(yǔ),更易于掌握。)3、告訴學(xué)生黑板上的句型就是我們今天學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)——過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),介紹過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),并與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)作比較。(作比較可以讓學(xué)生有深刻的印象,有所辨別,易于掌握運(yùn)用。) 步驟4——教授新課:Section A(1a.1b.1c)①在屏幕上展示照片(圖18頁(yè))。給學(xué)生介紹圖片相關(guān)的情況,同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)生詞和句型為后面內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)掃清語(yǔ)言障礙。
②聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的教學(xué),讓學(xué)生通過(guò)聽(tīng)力了解圖中發(fā)生的相關(guān)事情。(這一步驟是為了使學(xué)生了解課文,并且?guī)椭鷮W(xué)生能輕易完成下面的任務(wù))步驟5——三個(gè)任務(wù):
任務(wù)1:①談?wù)摦?dāng)飛碟到達(dá)的時(shí)候人們?cè)谧鍪裁?,為了易于教和學(xué),我點(diǎn)著圖中剪頭發(fā)的人問(wèn):What was he doing when the UFO arrived?重復(fù)這一指令。答:He was cutting hair.
②角色扮演,讓學(xué)生扮演圖中人物,操練上述對(duì)話,并讓一、兩組來(lái)展示他們的對(duì)話過(guò)程。
③要求學(xué)生嘗試把他們所講的句子在練習(xí)本上寫(xiě)出來(lái)。(掌握“四會(huì)”:聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)技能)任務(wù)2:記憶比賽(1、展示十余張動(dòng)畫(huà)在屏幕上,動(dòng)畫(huà)按一定的時(shí)間先后出現(xiàn)。2、把全班同學(xué)分成幾個(gè)小組,如果學(xué)生能快速、準(zhǔn)確地用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),把圖片內(nèi)容描述出來(lái),那么他們組就能夠取得10分,分?jǐn)?shù)最多的小組就是冠軍。(這一環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì),正好符合中學(xué)生爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝的心理,注意力更集中,激發(fā)興趣、主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。)任務(wù)3:顯示4b的圖片,讓學(xué)生用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述圖中故事內(nèi)容:
①屏幕顯示圖片。畫(huà)面是描述一個(gè)小偷偷走了一個(gè)女孩子的單車的故事。提示學(xué)生在每一個(gè)畫(huà)面都有時(shí)鐘顯示時(shí)間,學(xué)生要利用時(shí)間進(jìn)行描述。
②四個(gè)學(xué)生為一小組合作討論這個(gè)故事的發(fā)展情節(jié),每人負(fù)責(zé)一個(gè)場(chǎng)景,我在旁邊指導(dǎo)。
(學(xué)生自主合作、討論,能根據(jù)圖片說(shuō)出相應(yīng)的'句型,老師現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo),體現(xiàn)了“以教師為主導(dǎo),以學(xué)生為主體”的教學(xué)原則,學(xué)生討論熱烈積極,培養(yǎng)了合作、交流的精神,在不知不覺(jué)中鞏固了本課所學(xué)知識(shí)。
步驟4:歸納總結(jié):在學(xué)生完成三個(gè)任務(wù)的操練后,幫助他們總結(jié)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
詢問(wèn)你的兩個(gè)搭檔昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候他們?cè)谧鲂┦裁?,下一?jié)上課的時(shí)候做一個(gè)調(diào)查報(bào)告。
設(shè)計(jì)理念:讓學(xué)生帶著知識(shí)融入生活,熱愛(ài)生活,再?gòu)纳罨氐秸n堂,使所學(xué)知識(shí)不斷得到鞏固、升華。
五、說(shuō)板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì):
設(shè)計(jì)理念:板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)也是教學(xué)信息輸出的一條重要途徑,好的板書(shū)可以突出目標(biāo)和重點(diǎn),使學(xué)生一目了然。因此,我的板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)是:
Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
詞匯 句型:
…… I am writing on the blackboard.
…… I was writing on the blackboard.
…… I am walking in the classroom.
…… I was walking in the classroom.
常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞1)at 9 o’clock from 8 to 9 yesterday morning at this/that time yesterday.
2)主句(過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))+ when + 從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))例句:I was walking on the street when the UFO arrived.
基礎(chǔ)教育階段英語(yǔ)課程的任務(wù)是:激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,使學(xué)生樹(shù)立自信心,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣和形成有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略,發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力和合作精神?;谶@一理念,我在課中精心創(chuàng)設(shè)盡量真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,設(shè)計(jì)一系列活動(dòng),活躍課堂氣氛,激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣,讓學(xué)生在感受、體驗(yàn)、參與、合作過(guò)程中學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言,感受用英語(yǔ)交流的樂(lè)趣,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交流的能力。
—How far is it from … to …?
—It’s … kilometers. / It’s about …
May I …?
Yes, you may. /No, you may not.
Do you want …?
I want….
Let’s take a …, …is faster/slower than….
How many … do you have?
Please (don’t) ...
二、教學(xué)過(guò)程:
(一)通過(guò)談話引出正題:大家暑假去沒(méi)去旅游,誰(shuí)能說(shuō)說(shuō)旅游情況?注意:用英語(yǔ)會(huì)話。
(二)導(dǎo)入課文,學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)句子。
重點(diǎn)句子 1. —May I go on a trip to Beijing? —Yes, you may. / No, you may not.
1. How far is it from China to Canada? It’s about eight thousand five hundred kilometer.
2. A train is slower than a plane, but faster than a bus.
3. What do you think of it?
4. I want to go to the Great Wall.
5. May I help you? Sure.
6. How much for a ticket on the T58 from Shijiazhuang to Beijing, please?
7. Please don’t run or jump.
1.Greet the students and get them to talk about their holidays.
T: I haven’t seen you for long ages, boys and girls! How is it going?
S: Quite well. How are you?
T: I’m fine, too. Thanks. Did you have a nice holiday?
T: Would you like to share your experience with me? … What did you do?
T: You must have learnt a lot.
2.Get some other students to talk about their holidays. And then show some places of interest and
continue talking with the students to make them understand the phrase go on a trip to.
T: I had a nice holiday too. I went on a trip to Beijing. Look! There are some pictures about this city.
Show the students the following pictures.
T: How about the first picture?
S: It’s Tian’anmen Square.
T: That’s right! The second one?
T: In English It is named the Palace Museum. S: The Palace Museum.
T: How about the last one?
T: It’s the Great Wall in English.
T: There are so many beautiful places in Beijing. And Beijing is the capital city of our country. Would you like to travel to Beijing? (To one student)
T: Would you like to go on a trip to Beijing too?
3.Help the student to answer. Make sure the students know the meaning of go on a trip to.
S: Yes. I’d like to go on a trip to Beijing. T:…(略)
4.Get the students to learn to talk about permission by using the phrase: to go on a trip to. The teacher can show them some pictures of places of interest to help them to discuss.
T: What city would you like to go on a trip to, Beijing or Guilin?
S: I’d like to go on a trip to Guilin.
5.Ask more students the same question to let them learn the phrase go on a trip to well
T: Gulin is a very beautiful place. May I go on a trip with you?
6.Help the student to answer: Yes, you may. Or No, you may not.
Explain the meaning in Chinese if necessary. S: Yes, you may.
T: (To another student) I have no money to go on a trip to Guilin. May I borrow some money?
T: Li Ming wants to go on a trip to Beijing. Listen to the tape carefully. Does Li Ming’s mother go on a trip to Beijing too?
S: (After listening) Yes.
三、課堂練習(xí):
聽(tīng) Listen to dialogues about distance, intentions, and numerals
說(shuō) Talk about distance, show intentions, say numbers and make a phone call in English
讀 Read dialogues about trips 寫(xiě) Write a plancnsjbj.cn
表示“多少”和“第幾”的'詞,叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。
1)基數(shù)詞:在十位數(shù)詞和個(gè)位數(shù)詞中間加上連字符 “ - “ 。如: 21 twenty -one‘基數(shù)詞三位以上的數(shù)詞, 在百位和十位之間,一般要用連詞“and “。 如: 132 one hundred and thirty-two.
表示”萬(wàn)“的詞英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有。如1萬(wàn)可用10千來(lái)表示。 ten thousand. 30萬(wàn)可用 three hundred thousand 來(lái)表示。
基數(shù)詞的用法:
1.編號(hào)的事物用基數(shù)詞: 如:Lesson Five, Room 101
2.表示”年,月,日“ 時(shí)用基數(shù)詞。
3.表示 “幾點(diǎn)鐘, 幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分” 用基數(shù)詞。 It is two to two. 現(xiàn)在是兩點(diǎn)差兩分。
4.加減乘除用基數(shù)詞。 One plus two is three.一加二等于三。Eight minus four is four. 八減四等于四。
Two times two is four.二乘二等于四.Ten divided by two is five.十除二等于五。
5表示百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)詞.
Thirty percent of them is water. 它們當(dāng)中有30%的水。
6.表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),分子數(shù)字用基數(shù)詞, 但分母要用序數(shù)詞, 如分子不是1,序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
One-fifth of the books are mine. 三分之一的書(shū)是我的。
Three-tenths of water is disappeared. ?十分之三的水不見(jiàn)了。
1.序數(shù)詞1━19 除第一,第二,第三,第五,第八,第九, 第十二變化不規(guī)則外, 其余均由在基數(shù)詞后加上 -th。
2.十位整數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成方法是, 是將十位整數(shù)基數(shù)詞的詞尾 -y 變成 i 再加 -eth。
3.幾十幾的序數(shù)詞,只是把個(gè)位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞, 十位數(shù)不變。
4.第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞 由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來(lái)表示。
one hundred and twenty-first ,one thousand,three hundred and twentieth
5.序數(shù)詞的縮寫(xiě)形式 有時(shí),序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫(xiě)形式來(lái)表示。主要縮寫(xiě)形式有。
first--lst second--2nd third--3rd fourth--4th sixth--6th twentieth--20th twenty-third--23rd 其中l(wèi)st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。
6.通常前面要加定冠詞 the;但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時(shí),則表示“再”,“又”.
We’ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?
7.基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后(名詞需大寫(xiě)) 即可,不需要添加定冠詞。
the first lesson-Lesson One ,the fifth page-Page 5, the twenty-first room-Room 21
( )1. I‘ve read ______ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of
( )2. During World War II, a Jewish(猶太)lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her ______.
A. fifties B. fifty C. fiftieth D. the fiftieth
( )3. The river through our city, which is about _________, is clean again.
A. 6000 meters long B. 6000-metres-long
C. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 meter long
( )4. I study in Yu Cai Middle School. There are two ____students in our school.
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
( )5. They said they would have holiday.
A. a two-month B. two months C. two-months D. two-month’s
( ) 6.-When was the PLA founded?
-It was founded on ____.
A. July 1. 1921 B. October 1.1949
( ) 7. In the past two years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an that stands in the centre.
A. 80-floor building B. 60-floor building
C. 80-floor buildings D. 70 floors building
( )8.The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were ; was B. was ; was C. was ; were D. were ; were
( )9.- How soon will you finish your work? -In about _______.
A. one and a half month B. one month and a half
C. one and half a month D. a month and half
( )10.-Would you like some fruit, madam? -Oh, yes. _______, please.
A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananas
C. 5 kilo of bananas D. 5 kilos of banana
一個(gè)單詞的音標(biāo)中有幾個(gè)元音就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。
任何雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)單詞的音標(biāo)中,有重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié) ,哪一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀,該音節(jié)的左上方或該音節(jié)的元音上方標(biāo)有重讀符號(hào)“'”。
以sp__, st___, sk___開(kāi)頭的單詞清輔音/p/ /t/ /k/分別要發(fā)濁輔音/b/ /d/ /g/。
爆破音[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 后面緊跟另一個(gè)爆破音時(shí),前面的那個(gè)爆破音只在口腔內(nèi)形成阻礙,而不能完全讀出。
在一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或句子中,如果相鄰兩詞的關(guān)系相等密切,而前一個(gè)詞以輔音結(jié)尾,后一個(gè)詞以元音開(kāi)頭,輔音和元素連在一起讀。
對(duì)于一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的句子,可以根據(jù)意思和結(jié)構(gòu)將其劃分成幾群,一個(gè)意群必須一口氣說(shuō)完。 關(guān)于語(yǔ)音的幾個(gè)概念
1) 字母:語(yǔ)言的書(shū)寫(xiě)形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,
ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand
5) 元音:發(fā)音響亮,是樂(lè)音;口腔中氣流不收阻礙;是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主要音。英語(yǔ)中有20元音。
6) 輔音:發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音;口腔中氣流受到阻礙;不是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的'主要音。中有28輔音。
7) 開(kāi)音節(jié):a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e name bike home due; b) 輔音+元音 he, go, hi
8) 閉音節(jié):a) 輔音+元音+輔音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+輔音it
1) [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling
3) [e] bed, desk, head,
5) [a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt
7) [ ] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught
8) [u:] good, who, blue, soup,
11) [ ] girl, work, serve, nurse
12) [ ] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday
13) [ei] cake, they, play, eight, great,
14) [ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye
15) [ ] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow
18) [ ] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,
20) [ ] tour, poor,
1) [e] [] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land
2) [i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid
3) [e] [AI] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide
4) [au] [ ] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause
5) [au] [ ] found fond; gown gone; down don
1) [p] pen,
3) [t] tell,
5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box
9) [ ] bank, uncle, English, sing,
11) [r] read, write,
14) [ ] think,
16) [s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf
17) [z] zoo, close,
18) [ ] sure, she, social, nation
19) [ ] pleasure,
24) [ ] joke, bridge,
1) [v] [w] vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well
2) [s] [ ] sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math
3) [z] [ ] closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes
4) [n] [ ] thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang
2) 非重讀音節(jié) [ ] banana, student, today, after, [i] orange, secret, evening, very, Monday
1)音的連讀:前面的詞以元輔音結(jié)尾,后面的單詞以元音開(kāi)頭,這樣結(jié)尾的輔音要和開(kāi)頭的元音連讀。例如:not at all, half an hour, I love you and all. after all
2)失去爆破:輔音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的輔音要失去爆破。例如:good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme
3)音的同化:兩個(gè)特殊的音碰到一起,會(huì)發(fā)出變異成特殊的音。例如:Would you do it? I am glad to meet you. Can't you see it? last year, this year,
b)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前綴的詞,第二個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。a'bout, be'lieve, ad'dress, de'cide, re'port, con'demn, res'pect, com'pare, in'form, dis'cuss, im'press, mis'take, en'force, pre'pare, em'ploy, per'mit, es'cape, pro'duce;
c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前綴的重音與詞義和詞類有關(guān), 一般名詞的重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上,其它的詞性在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上。'record, re'cord; 'insult, in'sult; 'conduct, con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content, con'tent
d)有些復(fù)合詞和帶有前綴 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的詞,有兩個(gè)重音。'out'side, 're'tell, 'well-'known, 'un'real, 'fif'teen, 'Chi'nese, 'pre-'war, 'post-'war
a)一般倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)是重音。'difficult, 'communist, 'family, e'conomy, oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.
b)有一些雙音節(jié)詞,加了前綴和后綴成了多音節(jié),但這些詞按原來(lái)詞根的重音讀音。'carefully, in'definite, 'comfortable, con'ductor, ac'cording, dis'turbance, 'complicated,es'tablishment,
c)詞尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后綴的詞,重音在這些后綴的前一個(gè)音節(jié)上。cour'teous, cal'ligraphy, edi'torial, his'torian, peri'odic, mathe'matics, ex'perience,suf'ficient, i'dentify, trans'lation, re'ligious, curi'osity, pro'tective
d)詞尾有 -ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后綴的詞,重音在該后綴上,而且有一個(gè)次重音。enter'tain, emplo'yee, mountai'neer, Japa'nese, ciga'rette
A) 的節(jié)奏:(輕)-輕-重-輕-(輕)或重-輕-(輕)(輕)重
B) 英語(yǔ)句子的長(zhǎng)短:是由句子中的重讀詞的數(shù)目決定的,而不是象漢語(yǔ)那樣由句子中的漢字?jǐn)?shù)目決定的。
C) 實(shí)詞重讀(副詞重讀),虛詞輕讀(冠詞,單音節(jié)介詞,單音節(jié)連詞,人稱代詞,反代詞,物主代詞,關(guān)系代詞,相互代詞,助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞be
a) 實(shí)詞第二次出現(xiàn) He thinks of that as a child thinks.
b) 一個(gè)名詞被第二個(gè)名詞修飾 I met her in the railway station.
c) 代替詞 Which book do you want? The small one.
d) 感嘆詞中的 what 和how What a good day it is! How beautiful she is!
e) street 在專有名詞中 Wangfujing Street.
f)this在這些短語(yǔ)中,this morning/afternoon/evening
a) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞be在句首,句尾和否定時(shí)。Do you like it? Yes, I do. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am. Can you help me? Yes, I can. I don't like you. He isn't a worker.
b) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示可能,驚奇和肯定時(shí)。They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be in the room.
c) 介詞在句首和句尾。In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. d) 引導(dǎo)復(fù)合句的連詞在句首。If you wish, I'll visit you. When he comes, I'll tell him. e)反身代詞表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。He couldn't come himself.
肖應(yīng)綱??吉州區(qū)電教站???胡小英????吉安縣萬(wàn)福中學(xué)
[創(chuàng)作說(shuō)明]
隨著計(jì)算機(jī)多媒體技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,越來(lái)越多的教師,特別是英語(yǔ)教師,已經(jīng)嘗試計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué),并取得了較好的教學(xué)效果。運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)在日常的教學(xué)中顯得越來(lái)越普遍,其地位也越來(lái)越重要。已經(jīng)成為不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的潮流?,F(xiàn)今的教師不但能運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué),而且還能親自設(shè)計(jì)制作CAI課件(計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)課件,即我們平常所稱的“課件”)。
[摘要]
什么是計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)課件?它有何特點(diǎn)?初中英語(yǔ)課件的制作原則是什么?初中英語(yǔ)課件制作時(shí)要注意的事項(xiàng)有哪些呢?對(duì)教師有什么要求?筆者通過(guò)這些年的學(xué)習(xí)和制作課件的體會(huì),談?wù)勛约簩?duì)初中英語(yǔ)CAI課件制作的幾點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí)。
計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)課件(CAI)是指教師為了達(dá)到某種教學(xué)目標(biāo),借助計(jì)算機(jī)甚至網(wǎng)絡(luò),科學(xué)合理地組織、整合教學(xué)材料,展示相對(duì)獨(dú)立或較完整的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,輔助教師和學(xué)生共同完成相應(yīng)的教學(xué)任務(wù)的一個(gè)應(yīng)用軟件。
初中英語(yǔ)CAI是一種用于教學(xué)的軟件,要通過(guò)教師在語(yǔ)言教學(xué)中操作,幫助教師完成某一教學(xué)任務(wù),課件的內(nèi)容包含著教學(xué)內(nèi)容、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、模擬語(yǔ)言環(huán)境的創(chuàng)設(shè)以及教師要完成這一教學(xué)任務(wù)所用的各種素材,更重要的是,CAI課件的使用作用于初中學(xué)生,一個(gè)好奇心強(qiáng)、但注意力不穩(wěn)定的青少年群體,因此CAI課件應(yīng)具有科學(xué)性、知識(shí)性、趣味性、藝術(shù)性、感官性、交互性、完整性、易操作性等特點(diǎn)。
世界是客觀存在的,學(xué)習(xí)個(gè)體以自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)來(lái)建構(gòu)現(xiàn)實(shí),又通過(guò)新構(gòu)建的現(xiàn)實(shí)形成經(jīng)驗(yàn)。所以人們對(duì)外界世界的理解是有差異的。學(xué)習(xí)是建構(gòu)內(nèi)在心理表征的過(guò)程,學(xué)生以已有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),在與外界相互作用的過(guò)程中建構(gòu)新知識(shí)。更重要的是,CAI課件的使用作用于學(xué)生------一個(gè)好奇心強(qiáng)、但注意力保持時(shí)間性不穩(wěn)定的青少年群體,因此,我們要克服CAI課件因程序教學(xué)通過(guò)強(qiáng)調(diào)刺激學(xué)生而形成的反應(yīng)行為,不注重學(xué)生內(nèi)部的心理過(guò)程弊端。CAI課件一定要以學(xué)生為主,充分考慮其心理特征和學(xué)習(xí)能力,注意CAI課件的科學(xué)性、知識(shí)性、趣味性、交互性等特點(diǎn)。
語(yǔ)言學(xué)家認(rèn)為,語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是不能脫離語(yǔ)言環(huán)境的。以往的情景教學(xué)便運(yùn)應(yīng)而生。課堂上的外語(yǔ)教學(xué)的最大難題就在于語(yǔ)言環(huán)境的設(shè)置。有了CAI課件后,這個(gè)難題有所突破,通過(guò)CAI課件提供文本、圖形、動(dòng)畫(huà)、視頻圖像、聲音等多媒體集成大容量信息,創(chuàng)設(shè)更接近實(shí)際情景的虛擬化語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境空間,給學(xué)習(xí)者一種全新的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和認(rèn)知方式,這是傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
啟發(fā)性原則是教學(xué)中不可缺少的原則,在CAI課件的設(shè)計(jì)制作中,要充分考慮教師在教學(xué)中實(shí)施啟發(fā)性原則的這一教學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程。CAI課件不是教學(xué)內(nèi)容和教學(xué)過(guò)程在電腦上的演示。它不僅是教師教學(xué)的輔助教具,也應(yīng)是開(kāi)發(fā)學(xué)生智力、啟迪學(xué)生思維的工具。因此,CAI課件的制作不應(yīng)平平淡淡,要有層次和變化,要有一定的'深度,提高人機(jī)交互性。
筆者認(rèn)為,CAI課件的實(shí)用性是指課件運(yùn)用于實(shí)際課堂教學(xué)之中,課件的內(nèi)容應(yīng)具有普遍性且易于接受,有其共性的特點(diǎn),可以運(yùn)用于同層次其他班級(jí)課堂教學(xué),同時(shí)課件的操作也簡(jiǎn)單易行,不但自己在上課時(shí)不因操作的繁雜而影響教學(xué)效果,而且其他教師在使用操作時(shí)也能運(yùn)用自如。課件的開(kāi)發(fā),作用對(duì)象是學(xué)生,操作的是教師。一旦你的課件被認(rèn)為具有普遍性、易于接受、效果好的特點(diǎn),就可能成為其他教師共享資源從而被其他教師所采用。相互交流,相互學(xué)習(xí),共同提高。
CAI課件的制作是以學(xué)生為中心,以教材為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)的。教材的內(nèi)容確定課件基本范圍的選材方向。課件的使用,目的是幫助完成教材提供的教學(xué)內(nèi)容的教和學(xué)的過(guò)程。是課堂教學(xué)中教師和學(xué)生的介質(zhì)。制作CAI課件時(shí),要把與教材有關(guān)的各種素材有機(jī)地整合在一起,結(jié)合以學(xué)生為中心的原則和語(yǔ)言環(huán)境原則,使CAI課件具有科學(xué)性、知識(shí)性和相對(duì)的獨(dú)立性。
教學(xué)時(shí)效性是指在單位時(shí)間內(nèi)能完成更多教學(xué)任務(wù),或完成同一教學(xué)任務(wù)所需更少時(shí)間,這是一種教學(xué)效率。CAI課件具有容量大,信息源廣,媒體成分高等特點(diǎn),又是在課前準(zhǔn)備和制作的。CAI課件的制作要為提高課堂教學(xué)效率服務(wù),它不是課堂教學(xué)的另一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,更不是課堂教學(xué)的累贅。在制作課件時(shí),要選好材,精心設(shè)計(jì),提高課堂教學(xué)效率。
課件的制作不僅是教師備課的深化和拓展,更是教師進(jìn)行藝術(shù)的創(chuàng)作。CAI課件面對(duì)的是青少年學(xué)生,如何才能吸引他們,如何才能讓他們感興趣,如何才能引導(dǎo)他們的思維在教師的推動(dòng)下活躍起來(lái),完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),這就要求CAI課件具有趣味性和觀賞性,要有美感。展示幾個(gè)字且毫無(wú)變化的課件在學(xué)生眼里無(wú)非是些換了顏色的黑板,根本無(wú)法打動(dòng)這些學(xué)生。
CAI課件制作得再好再美,它也只是輔助教學(xué)用的,它的作用只是在教學(xué)活動(dòng)過(guò)程中促進(jìn)師生雙邊關(guān)系的發(fā)展,協(xié)助教師順利完成教育教學(xué)任務(wù),從始至終它只能是一個(gè)課堂教學(xué)中使用的教學(xué)輔助工具,切不可在課堂上喧賓奪主,成了課件演示課。因此,在課件的設(shè)計(jì)和制作時(shí),注意課件信息的量,切忌任意發(fā)揮,刻意追求美感。
根據(jù)現(xiàn)行初中英語(yǔ)教材的編排,筆者認(rèn)為一個(gè)單元為一個(gè)課件較為合理。一個(gè)單元是一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立完整的知識(shí)體系,把一個(gè)單元制作成一個(gè)課件,既能保持單元知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性,也利于教師在單元教學(xué)中的復(fù)習(xí)。
為大家準(zhǔn)備了中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo),希望給大家?guī)?lái)幫助。
The primary purpose of education is not to teach you to earn your bread, but to make every mouthful sweet.——James Angel 教育最主要的目的,不是教你懂得如何謀生,而是使每個(gè)人生活得更香甜。——安吉兒
We all like having you as our teacher. You have our respect and gratefulness. 我們喜歡您做我們的老師,我們尊敬您、感激您。
This is Teachers' Day and a time to be grateful to all teachers. This profession deserves the special recognition and respect. There is no more appropriate time than this to honour you and others in your chosen field. You have my eternal gratefulness. Have a happy Teachers' Day. 時(shí)逢教師節(jié),是向所有教師表達(dá)謝意的日子。這個(gè)職業(yè)值得受到特別的重視和尊重。此刻是向您及您的同行們致敬的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。我永遠(yuǎn)感激您。祝節(jié)日快樂(lè)!
We are more thankful than we can express. 對(duì)您的謝意,我們無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)。
You have been a qualified teachers and even better friend. Thank you for all that you have done. 您不僅是一位合格的教師,更是一位好朋友,謝謝您所做的一切。
Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire. 教育不是灌滿一桶水,而是點(diǎn)燃一團(tuán)生命的火焰。
The man who can make hard things easy is the educator. 能使艱難之事變得容易的人是教育者。
Send you our everlasting feeling of gratefulness and thankfulness on this special day. 在這特別的日子謹(jǐn)向您致以我們永恒的感激之情。
A teacher affects eternity; he can never tell where his influence stops.——Henry Adams 一個(gè)教師對(duì)人的影響是永恒的。——亞當(dāng)斯
It is the most appropriate time to show you our thanks. 現(xiàn)在是向您表達(dá)感激之情最為恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)刻。
This small gift is only a tiny token of our gratefulness. We all want to thank you. 這件小小的禮物略表我們的感激之情。我們大家都很感謝您。
I am truly grateful to you for what you have done. 我深深地感激您所做的一切。
Dear teacher, thank you for illuminating my voyage of life with your own light of life. My grateful sentiments come from the bottom of my heart. 老師,感謝您用自己的生命之光,照亮了我人生的旅途,對(duì)您我滿懷感謝之情。
The whole secret of the teacher's force lies in the conviction that men are convertible. 教師力量的`全部秘密,就在于深信人是可以改變的。
No one deserves a bigger thank you than you. One day is hardly enough to show our gratitude.沒(méi)有人比您更值得如此深厚的謝意。僅這一天遠(yuǎn)不足以表達(dá)我們對(duì)您的感激之情。
Thank you for making learning not a dull thing but a great joy. 感謝您使我們把枯燥的學(xué)習(xí)變成了巨大的樂(lè)趣.
We all pitched to buy this gift. We are all grateful to you. Without your unselfish dedication could we achieve no success today. 這是我們買給您的禮物,謝謝您,老師。沒(méi)有您無(wú)私的奉獻(xiàn),就不會(huì)有我們今天的成功。
一、知識(shí)介紹。
書(shū)面表達(dá)是寫(xiě)的一種途徑,是英語(yǔ)交際的重要組成部分。初中階段對(duì)于英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的要求,實(shí)際上是“有指導(dǎo)的寫(xiě)作”(Guided Writing)。它通過(guò)提供情景(文字、圖畫(huà)、表格),讓學(xué)生用學(xué)過(guò)的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言來(lái)描述事物或事件并表達(dá)一定的思想,以此達(dá)成和檢驗(yàn)對(duì)所學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用能力??陀^地說(shuō),書(shū)面表達(dá)一直是我們英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn),也是學(xué)生應(yīng)試的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。
從去年對(duì)樂(lè)清市中考英語(yǔ)試卷的抽樣調(diào)查情況來(lái)看,英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作是得分最為薄弱的一個(gè)題項(xiàng),平均分只有4.7分(滿分為20分)。究其原因,一是學(xué)生寫(xiě)作練習(xí)的時(shí)間少,二是教師平時(shí)缺乏對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的寫(xiě)作知識(shí)的指導(dǎo)。(比如,如何用詞、句、組段、謀篇等)。這些原因造成了學(xué)生從最初不會(huì)寫(xiě)盲目寫(xiě)到不愿寫(xiě)。懼怕寫(xiě),直至最后拒絕寫(xiě)的惡性循環(huán)。針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象,我在柳市鎮(zhèn)一中進(jìn)行了一次如何提高學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力的課堂實(shí)踐。寫(xiě)作的材料取自于高一新教材第一單元的“Reading and writing”。教師旨在通過(guò)與學(xué)生談?wù)撍麄兪煜さ脑掝}“making friends”, 搜索學(xué)生頭腦中有關(guān)朋友的消息,通過(guò)閱讀兩則e-pal廣告,獲取e-pals的一些信息,指導(dǎo)如何寫(xiě)e-mail ,從而達(dá)到給e-pals 寫(xiě)信的目的。
二、課件教程。
1.Warm-up活動(dòng):通過(guò)聽(tīng)一首英語(yǔ)歌:“The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.”目的是活躍氣氛,為引出今天的話題做準(zhǔn)備。
2.Revision ①使用大腦風(fēng)暴法(brainstorm)讓學(xué)生想出一些和friends 有關(guān)的單詞短語(yǔ)和句子,目的是激活學(xué)生頭腦中和寫(xiě)作話題make friends 相關(guān)的東西,如想法、概念、形象等醞釀寫(xiě)作的思路,供擬稿階段(drafting stage)選擇有寫(xiě)的價(jià)值和意義的東西時(shí)參考。]
②根據(jù)下列所給提示介紹你的朋友(四人一小組活動(dòng))。
⑴Name and age.
⑵Where he / she comes from subject?
⑶What he is?
⑷What his / her friend?
通過(guò)提問(wèn),How can you know your friends, if you haven’t seen each other for a long time?
聯(lián)系朋友有很多方法,但是 One of the best ways is sending e-mails to them. Do you know why?過(guò)渡今天話題的材料,快速看完兩則e-pal廣告,找出答案。
4.While-reading,讀兩則廣告,了解Mary和Jack完成表格
Name Age Hobbies Looks Personality E-mail added Wish Where she…
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論:Do you like to make e-pals with Mary or Jack? Why?
當(dāng)大部分學(xué)生都持肯定觀點(diǎn)時(shí)進(jìn)一步思索,What will you write in you e-mail to them? 為下面事實(shí)寫(xiě)作埋下伏筆,提供鋪墊。
6.While-Writing.
教會(huì)學(xué)生正確使用e-mail格式,同時(shí)提供關(guān)于朋友和友誼的一些精彩句子,為學(xué)生寫(xiě)作提供素材。
要求學(xué)生根據(jù)這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),修改自己的e-mail.
1. Do you use the tense (時(shí)態(tài)),spelling(拼寫(xiě)),punctuation (標(biāo)點(diǎn)),
capitalization( 大寫(xiě)字母)correctly?
2. I s your e-mail complete(完整的)?
3.Is your e-mail coherently(連貫地)written?
4.Can you describe yourself in a concise(簡(jiǎn)潔的)way?
5.Are there any complex sentences(復(fù)合句)in your e-mail?
目的是通過(guò)自改,有助于他們提高書(shū)面表達(dá)中的語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性,提高了學(xué)生通過(guò)自己獨(dú)立思考,來(lái)解決問(wèn)題的能力。
8.Share the writing.
點(diǎn)評(píng)兩篇學(xué)生習(xí)作,選自一位基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)和一位基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)的作文。教師根據(jù)上述提供的寫(xiě)作標(biāo)準(zhǔn),詳細(xì)點(diǎn)評(píng)兩篇習(xí)作的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和句法和功能。目的是使學(xué)生盡力領(lǐng)會(huì)教師對(duì)文章的點(diǎn)評(píng),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生選詞和用詞的能力,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
三、本堂課中的精彩片段。
就整節(jié)課而言,這無(wú)疑是一堂令人喝彩的課,無(wú)論是從學(xué)生參與課堂實(shí)踐的積極性來(lái)看,還是從學(xué)生出色完成教師布置的任務(wù)后而展示的成果來(lái)看,都給聽(tīng)課的老師留下了一種意猶未盡的印象。而我自己覺(jué)得其中有兩個(gè)精彩片段更值得與同行們分享。
☆使用brainstorming培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力。
Brainstorming 這種外語(yǔ)教學(xué)中常用的教學(xué)技巧可直評(píng)為“頭腦風(fēng)暴法”是一種通過(guò)小型會(huì)議的組織形式,讓所有參加者在自由、愉快、暢所欲言的氣氛中自由交換觀點(diǎn),并以此誘發(fā)集體智慧,激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)者創(chuàng)意與靈感的學(xué)習(xí)方法。在英語(yǔ)課中的 pre-writing階段,使用brainstorming對(duì)促進(jìn)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí),發(fā)展學(xué)生寫(xiě)的能力起著積極的促進(jìn)作用。
Brainstorming在本堂寫(xiě)作一課中的應(yīng)用實(shí)例。
1.圍繞話題:“friends and friendship”進(jìn)行Brainstorming。
教師使用web-spider在黑板的一側(cè)寫(xiě)下學(xué)生能夠想到的單詞、詞組和句子,
結(jié)合學(xué)生思維一下子開(kāi)闊起來(lái),下面是學(xué)生討論后呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的詞和短語(yǔ):good friends, boy friends, girl friends, pen friends, friends are important, my friends are handsome/ugly, I want to make friends with you, friends in need are friends indeed….
在這個(gè)階段,教師引導(dǎo)和鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極參與討論,并把每個(gè)學(xué)生的發(fā)言要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)在黑板上,出現(xiàn)有個(gè)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)表述“患難之交才是真正的朋友”對(duì)允許其先說(shuō)出中文,然后向全班同學(xué)或老師求助。
2.當(dāng)學(xué)生完成careful reading之后,圍繞話題:Write an email to one of the e-pals.
教師通過(guò)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)。
①Do you like to write an e-mail to Mary or Jack? Why?
②What will you write in your e-mail?
讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行小組活動(dòng),互相啟發(fā),把雙方的想法清晰化和條理化,并用英語(yǔ)口頭表述出來(lái)。我把學(xué)生討論的結(jié)果通過(guò)投影形式展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
⑴ I want to make friends with Jack because I like playing basketball too.
⑵ I want to make friends with Mary because she is a girl.
⑶ I want to make friends with Jack because I can visit his country.
⑷ I want to make friends with Jack because he is very handsome
….
至于第二個(gè)問(wèn)題,學(xué)生想到的就越多了:I will tell him/her about my family, my hobby ,my interests, my good friends ,my hometown, my study, my teachers, my dream, my QQ number and my telephone , my school…
下面是Brainstorming 之后一個(gè)學(xué)生寫(xiě)出的短文。
Dear Mary,
My name is Gu Bo. I ‘m a 14-year-old girl
寫(xiě)作是一個(gè)由淺入深、由易到難、由簡(jiǎn)到繁的訓(xùn)練過(guò)程,任何一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)出問(wèn)題都會(huì)影響對(duì)學(xué)生寫(xiě)作能力的培養(yǎng)。因此,盲目的訓(xùn)練往往多做無(wú)用功,我們必須在平時(shí)就十分注重方法與技巧。
4.1 注意多種訓(xùn)練方法相結(jié)合。
與任務(wù)(task)相結(jié)合。有目的的寫(xiě)作常能更好地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性,所以在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生這方面的能力時(shí),應(yīng)盡量與教學(xué)的多種任務(wù)相結(jié)合,而不是純粹布置一篇作文。貫穿這節(jié)寫(xiě)作課的也是一系列的任務(wù):
Activity1: Write out some words, phrases and sentences about friends and friendship.
Activity2: Please introduce your friend to us.
Activity3: Read the two ads(廣告). Get to know Mary and Jack
Activity4: Write an e-mail to Mary or Jack
組織多樣的小組活動(dòng)。新世紀(jì)中,我們很重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精神,而小組活動(dòng)就是培養(yǎng)其合作精神的捷徑。這堂寫(xiě)作課中在pre-writing時(shí)采取二人小組活動(dòng),四人小組活動(dòng),組織學(xué)生在小組活動(dòng)中,共同完成教師呈現(xiàn)的任務(wù),從而降低其難度,使基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué)在寫(xiě)作時(shí)起點(diǎn)更高,基礎(chǔ)較差的同學(xué)也能言之有物,互相啟發(fā),共同提高。如資料、信息的搜集,材料關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的把握,文章完成后的修改等。
①.仔細(xì)審題,明確要求。羅列題目所提供的信息,然后認(rèn)真分析,審清題意后,把要求表達(dá)的各個(gè)要點(diǎn)按順序和層次一一列出。
②.緊扣要點(diǎn),尋求思路。草擬一個(gè)提綱,按時(shí)間、空間或邏輯順序,確定開(kāi)頭,再圍繞這一順序,周密選詞、選句,并擬好如何結(jié)尾(可適當(dāng)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn))。
①.開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山,緊扣主題。如寫(xiě)參觀農(nóng)場(chǎng)的日記,就可用“Last Sunday we visited the West Hill Farm.” 直接說(shuō)明時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)。如寫(xiě)的是關(guān)于度假的,則可以“We had a happy holiday in Jiaxin last Sunday.” 來(lái)開(kāi)頭等等。
②.語(yǔ)言正確,規(guī)范地道。盡量使用學(xué)過(guò)的、最熟悉也最有把握的句型、結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)盡量避免中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)。要養(yǎng)成正確運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的好習(xí)慣,切忌一點(diǎn)到底的錯(cuò)誤方法。(I spent 10 yuan buy the book. He by bike to school.)
③.重短輕長(zhǎng), 就易避難。重短輕長(zhǎng)--寫(xiě)短句忌長(zhǎng)句,由寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)易句子開(kāi)始,即“主語(yǔ)(誰(shuí))謂語(yǔ)(做/是)賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)(什么),應(yīng)盡量寫(xiě)出自己最有把握,最熟悉的句子,避免寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)句,以寫(xiě)正確、通順為最基本要求。就易避難--多用簡(jiǎn)單句少用復(fù)合句,首先在寫(xiě)好簡(jiǎn)單句的基礎(chǔ)上然后可逐步過(guò)渡到較為復(fù)雜的.復(fù)合句,例如用when, before等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句。整個(gè)句子越長(zhǎng),出錯(cuò)的可能性就越大。
④.過(guò)渡自然,表達(dá)流暢。注意前后句、上下文盡量過(guò)渡自然,正確使用and, or, but, because, so, then, after等詞,保持行文的流暢。不重復(fù)使用可置換的詞,如前面提到了Jim這個(gè)人,后面再出現(xiàn)就可用he來(lái)供代替,但要注意前后的一致性。
⑤.適當(dāng)評(píng)論,發(fā)表己見(jiàn)。結(jié)尾處用1-2句話發(fā)表一點(diǎn)自己的看法,往往有畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛之妙。
學(xué)生比較精彩的結(jié)尾有:
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
What a happy girl I will be!
鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)批改自己的習(xí)作。
①.一般語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的檢查--英語(yǔ)中的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、習(xí)慣用法等都是非常重要的,即使在朗讀中好像全理解,但在動(dòng)筆的實(shí)踐中就往往出錯(cuò)。
②.注意語(yǔ)序--英語(yǔ)中的疑問(wèn)句、感嘆句和賓語(yǔ)從句都是通過(guò)語(yǔ)序的變化來(lái)構(gòu)成和體現(xiàn)的,不注意會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤和意義上混淆。
如:
Jim works very hard. So does Jack.(前后主語(yǔ)非一人)
A: Jim works very hard.
He didn’t know where the bookshop was.
The boys want to know how they should do it.
③.符合習(xí)慣--說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家有自己民族的文化、習(xí)俗、情感、思維方式、生活習(xí)慣等。受母語(yǔ)思維定式的影響,應(yīng)避免在練筆當(dāng)中受母語(yǔ)的干擾,要注意語(yǔ)言表達(dá)地道。例如漢語(yǔ)“我的工作很忙?!本筒荒苡糜⒄Z(yǔ)My work is very busy. 來(lái)表達(dá),而應(yīng)當(dāng)說(shuō)I’m very busy with my work.又如:有的同學(xué)在表達(dá)很常用的“我很喜歡它”時(shí),會(huì)說(shuō)“I very much like it.”, 而其正確表達(dá)應(yīng)是 “I like it very much.”
④.書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范,卷面整潔。卷面不整潔,使人無(wú)法看清你寫(xiě)的究竟是什么,那么就可能按錯(cuò)處理。所以在寫(xiě)時(shí),如時(shí)間允許,應(yīng)先打草稿,修改后再抄清楚。
4.3堅(jiān)持循序漸進(jìn)的訓(xùn)練原則。
“在開(kāi)展筆語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練時(shí),循序漸進(jìn)包含兩個(gè)內(nèi)容。從形式上看,在造句練習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)上,開(kāi)展連貫的筆頭作業(yè)或作文,即從短到長(zhǎng)。從質(zhì)量上看,在簡(jiǎn)單的連貫性的筆頭作業(yè)基礎(chǔ)上,開(kāi)展要求較高的作文練習(xí)。兩者之間并無(wú)矛盾,關(guān)鍵在于循序”(李庭薌,1983)所以,寫(xiě)作要先易后難,先短后長(zhǎng),先學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句,后學(xué)會(huì)用復(fù)合句表達(dá),先寫(xiě)正確句子逐步過(guò)渡到圍繞一個(gè)人、一件事、一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)去寫(xiě)有中心的文章,由不限定時(shí)間到限定時(shí)間,由限定時(shí)間長(zhǎng)到限定時(shí)間短,由限定字?jǐn)?shù)少到多……
4.4注意文章的講評(píng)。
高度重視范文的講評(píng),教師應(yīng)認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備,而學(xué)生則應(yīng)盡力領(lǐng)會(huì)教師對(duì)文章的點(diǎn)評(píng),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn),特別是應(yīng)提倡模仿以英語(yǔ)為本族語(yǔ)的人所寫(xiě)的東西,看他們?nèi)绾谓M織寫(xiě)作,如何運(yùn)用詞語(yǔ)和句子”(賈冠杰,)同進(jìn),指出不佳文章的缺點(diǎn),引起學(xué)生注意并在寫(xiě)作中注意盡量避免。以下的學(xué)生作文和中考范文的對(duì)比,相信能給大家一點(diǎn)啟示。
兩篇文章在描寫(xiě)順序、語(yǔ)法的正確性、用詞的豐富程度及關(guān)鍵信息的表達(dá)上是不可同日而語(yǔ)的。
總之,只要我們思想上重視,訓(xùn)練方法得當(dāng),經(jīng)過(guò)初三一年年持續(xù)有效的訓(xùn)練,定能達(dá)成《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中的要求,從而為學(xué)生進(jìn)一步學(xué)好英語(yǔ)打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),為學(xué)生在中考中取得滿意的成績(jī)。
本節(jié)課是新版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? SectionB 2a—2e,以感恩節(jié)及傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的食物的制作過(guò)程為話題,圍繞感恩節(jié)及傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的食物的制作過(guò)程開(kāi)展教學(xué),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用節(jié)假日積極參加各種家務(wù)勞動(dòng)或社會(huì)公益活動(dòng),養(yǎng)成熱愛(ài)勞動(dòng)的良好習(xí)慣。
1)通過(guò)看圖說(shuō)話、師生問(wèn)答、調(diào)查報(bào)告、聽(tīng)錄音、角色扮演等形式,使學(xué)生掌握本課時(shí)詞匯Thanksgiving, pepper, oven, plate, gravy, traditional, autumn, traveler, celebrate, mix, fill, cover, sever, temperature等;讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)某一傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的食物的制作過(guò)程。
2) 通過(guò)師生問(wèn)答、調(diào)查報(bào)告、聽(tīng)錄音、調(diào)查采訪、做游戲、觀看視頻等形式,使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)“…is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.” “Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner.”等句子,并能用英語(yǔ)描述一種食物的制作過(guò)程。
2.能力目標(biāo):通過(guò)本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí),能夠通過(guò)閱讀文章獲取傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的信息及結(jié)合圖片等手段介紹傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日食物的制作過(guò)程,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀能力。
3.情感目標(biāo):指導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用節(jié)假日積極參加各種家務(wù)勞動(dòng)或社會(huì)公益活動(dòng),養(yǎng)成熱愛(ài)勞動(dòng)的良好習(xí)慣
1.了解世界各地傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日及傳統(tǒng)食物的制作過(guò)程。
2. 學(xué)會(huì)詢問(wèn)和描述做一件事情的過(guò)程。
七、教具準(zhǔn)備A projector and some pictures
What’s your favorite food? 然后出示幾張老師和同學(xué)的照片的多媒體課件,叫學(xué)生討論他們最喜歡的食物是什么,最后播放一段學(xué)生采訪的視頻,給出答案.
學(xué)生熱烈的討論,猜出答案.
通過(guò)師生互相交流以及猜測(cè)同學(xué)和老師喜歡吃的食物,最后播放視頻,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,導(dǎo)入新課。
1 who can make sandwiches?
2 How do you make sandwiches? Please make a list
3. Put two teaspoons of relish on the lettuce
4. Put three slices of chicken on the relish
5.Put another slice of bread on the top.
復(fù)習(xí)三明治的制作過(guò)程,為下面的火雞的制作過(guò)程做好鋪墊。
通過(guò)觀看感恩節(jié)的視頻.,讓學(xué)生了解有關(guān)感恩節(jié)方面的內(nèi)容,以及感恩節(jié)的標(biāo)志性食物—火雞的制作方法,為下一步學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。
教師通過(guò)多媒體圖片呈現(xiàn)本課時(shí)新單詞 Thanksgiving, traditional, autumn, traveler, England, celebrate,mix, pepper, fill,oven,plate,covergravy,serve, temperature等.并讓學(xué)生用它們?cè)炀?
學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)新單詞并用新單詞造句.
教師在黑板上板書(shū)Thanks-
giving tradi-
tional autumn traveler serve tempera-
ture等詞匯, 通過(guò)圖片呈現(xiàn)新單詞. 以圖片的形式呈現(xiàn)新單詞,更直觀,更便于學(xué)生記憶.
1. What kind of traditional food do people eat on special holidays in China?
2.What do you eat on New Year’s Day?
3.What do you eat on Dragon Boat Day?
4.What do you eat on Mid-Autumn Day?
讀前討論,根據(jù)問(wèn)題讓學(xué)生自由大膽地談?wù)撟约簢?guó)家的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的食物,引出本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容,為下面課文的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊.
訓(xùn)練學(xué)生速讀了解大意的能力和快速找出所需信息的能力.先了解文章主旨大意,理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)和框架,然后核對(duì)答案.在這個(gè)過(guò)程中發(fā)揮學(xué)生說(shuō)的能力和歸納總結(jié)的能力.
教師出示有關(guān)課文內(nèi)容問(wèn)題的'課件,叫學(xué)生去細(xì)讀課文,回答以下問(wèn)題
2. When do people celebrate it?
3. Why do people celebrate it?
4. How do people celebrate it now?
5. What is the main dish of the Thanksgiving meal?
1.In the United States.
2.It is always on the fourth Thursday in November.
3. People celebrate it to give thanks for food in the autumn and also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago.
4.By having a big meal at home with their family.
訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力技能,糾正自己的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào).
教師讓學(xué)生做2d,用First,Next,Then and Finally 填空。
教師出示下列圖片,在小組內(nèi)討論中國(guó)特殊的日子,具體時(shí)間是什么時(shí)候?人們?cè)鯓觼?lái)慶祝這些特殊的日子?有什么傳統(tǒng)的食物?你會(huì)做這些嗎?…然后把它們組成一個(gè)完整的對(duì)話。
For example:
A: What do you think is the most special day in China?
B: I think it is Spring Festival.
A:Is there any traditional food?
B: Yes, there is. People often eat dumplings on Spring Festival.
A: Can you make dumplings?
教師設(shè)計(jì)此任務(wù)的目的是激活英語(yǔ)課堂,鞏固本節(jié)課所學(xué)的內(nèi)容。
教師讓學(xué)生想一個(gè)自己家鄉(xiāng)的最著名的一個(gè)小吃,例如,煎餅果子 涼皮等等,制作過(guò)程是什么?
選擇一個(gè)你熟悉的傳統(tǒng)食物,用英語(yǔ)描述一下它的制作過(guò)程。
Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? SectionB 2a—2e
Thanksgiving, traditional, autumn, traveler, England, celebrate, mix, peper, fill, oven, plate ,cover, gravy, serve, temperature等
…is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.
Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner.
Is there any traditional food?
1. 觀察下圖。根據(jù)圖示和參考詞語(yǔ),適當(dāng)拓展想象空間,以Why are trees important? 為標(biāo)題,用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇不少于80個(gè)詞的短語(yǔ)。
注意:
(1) 短文應(yīng)切中題意,條理清楚,詞句通順,書(shū)寫(xiě)清晰、規(guī)范。
(2) 短文第一句話已給出。參考詞語(yǔ):take in carbon dioxide吸收二氧化碳;oxygen氧氣; insect昆蟲(chóng);stop water and soil from going away防止水土流失;desert沙漠。
1. 認(rèn)真審題:本題已給出題目,我們可以根據(jù)題目,用提示詞和圖示為線索展開(kāi)書(shū)寫(xiě)。
2. 確定要素:
①樹(shù)能吸收二氧化碳,釋放氧氣。
②樹(shù)能給鳥(niǎo)類提供家園。
③樹(shù)能為某些小動(dòng)物提供食物。
④樹(shù)能阻止水土流失。
⑤樹(shù)能防止土壤沙漠化。
⑥植樹(shù)造林,美化家園。
Why are trees important?
Trees are very important to us. Do you know why? Let me tell you.
Trees take in carbon dioxide from the air and make oxygen. That’s important. People and animals need oxygen to live. Many small animals and insects live in the trees. Some of them also get food from trees.Trees can also stop water and soil from going away. If we have a lot of trees, they can stop land from being desert. I think this is very important. You know, trees are green. They can make our country even more beautiful.
Trees are our good friends. We should plant more trees and take good care of them.
2. 假設(shè)你叫王明,昨天收到了筆友David 的e-mail,得知他不久要到北京來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)中文。他想了解如何學(xué)好中文。請(qǐng)你用英文給他回復(fù)一封e-mail,介紹學(xué)習(xí)中文的體會(huì)和方法,提出你的建議,以及表達(dá)你幫助他學(xué)好中文的愿望。(信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,其字?jǐn)?shù)不計(jì)入所完成的短文內(nèi)。)
提示詞語(yǔ):Chinese, be, useful, many foreigners, learn, now, difficult, different from, it is important…, listen, talk, read, write
Dear David,
I’m glad you’ll come to Beijing to learn Chinese.
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Hope to see you soon in Beijing.
Dear David,
I’m glad you’ll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. It’s difficult for you because it’s quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It’s also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your
listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. I’m sure you’ll learn Chinese well.
Hope to see you soon in Beijing.
1.根據(jù)圖畫(huà)內(nèi)容和所給詞語(yǔ)完成一篇短文。
(2) 用圖中所示內(nèi)容表達(dá)完整,用上所給詞語(yǔ),條理清晰,意思連貫,語(yǔ)句通順,標(biāo)點(diǎn)正確。
(3) 短文第一句已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
所給詞語(yǔ):walk, rice field, see, frog (青蛙), catch, old man, say, friend, pest(害蟲(chóng)), turn red, put, smile, good boy
Xiao Ming was on his way home one afternoon.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Xiao Ming was on his way home one afternoon. When he was walking past a rice field, he saw a frog. He wanted to play with it. So he went over quietly and caught it. Just at the time, an old man came up and said to him, “Frogs are our friends. They are good at catching pests. It’s not right to catch them.” When he heard it, his face turned red. He put the frog back into the field. The old man said with a smile, “You’re a good boy.”
2. 五月的福州,萬(wàn)商云集。假設(shè)你在“海交會(huì)”上碰到一位來(lái)自澳大利亞的商人,你從他那里了解到下列表格中的情況,請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下表格的信息用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇介紹Bill Smith 的短文。 要求:語(yǔ)言通順,意思連貫,書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范,內(nèi)容
可適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充,詞數(shù)80左右。
參考詞匯:start (開(kāi)辦), finish one’s studies, the Garden City, live a better life
Bill Smith is a businessman from Australia. He is 45 years old. He likes computer and music. There are three people in his family. His wife is a doctor and his son is a student. He works hard and carefully. He is kind-hearted/kind and helpful. Bill Smith has started two big factories in Fuzhou. With his help, ten poor children have finished their studies. He is sure that the Garden City―Fuzhou will be more and more beautiful and the people here will live a better life in the future.
3. 請(qǐng)以“I want to be a/an.…”為題寫(xiě)一篇短文,詞數(shù)60~80詞。內(nèi)容必須包括提示中的三項(xiàng)要求,請(qǐng)不要使用真實(shí)姓名及所在學(xué)校名稱。
提示:
①What do you want to be?
②Why do you want to be a/an…?
③How can you make it come true?
Many people want to make their new ideas and wishes come true. They want to invent some new things for the world. I am one of them. I just want to be an inventor.
Inventions can change the world. They can bring fun and happiness to our life. And our life will become better and better. Now I’m still a middle school student. I must try my best to work hard at my lessons and learn what my teachers teach us. I will use my inventions to make contributions to our country.
1. Those children are students.(否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
2. We can see a lot of girls in the picture. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
3. They will go to England for a visit. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
4. The young men aren’t having a party. (肯定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
5. She has been to Shanghai already. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
6. Don’t be noisy, please. (用quiet改為肯定句,)
7. Stand in front of the class. (否定句, 反意疑問(wèn)句)
8. Both Mary and Tony are good students. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
9. All the students in our class are going to visit the Science Museum. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
10. There is an English test on Friday. (反意疑問(wèn)句)
11. There will be a report on Chinese history tomorrow. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
12. Tom has his lunch in the school. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句, 反意疑問(wèn)句)
13. John does his homework at home. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句, 反意疑問(wèn)句)
14. He saw the TV news yesterday evening. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句, 反意疑問(wèn)句)
15. I think you are right. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
16. This kind of car is made in Japan. (否定句, 一般疑問(wèn)句)
17. Arthur runs fastest in his class.(就劃線部分提問(wèn))
________ runs fastest in his class?
18. Bob”s painting was put up on the wall of our school.(同上)
________ painting was put up on the wall of our school?
19. Chapter One is very difficult to learn. (同上)
________ chapter is very difficult to learn?
20. Mary does her homework after supper in the evening. (同上)
________ ______ Mary ______ after supper in the evening?
21. He has borrowed four books from the school library. (同上)
_______ _______ he borrowed from the school library?
22. It took him 30 minutes to get there. (同上)
______ ______ ______ it take him to get there?
23. My father is a teacher in the school. (同上)
_______ ________ your father ______ in the school?
24. It will be Wednesday the day after tomorrow. (同上)
________ ______ will it be the day after tomorrow?
25. There are Three thousand people in the factory. (同上)
_______ _______ people _______ _______ in the factory?
26. Linda’s mother works in a big hotel. (同上)
_______ _______ Linda’s mother work?
27. They usually go to school by bus. (同上)
_______ _______ they usually go to school?
28. They couldn’t pass the exam because they didn’t work hard. (同上)
_______ _______ they pass the exam?
29. He said something important at the meeting.(改為否定句,一般疑問(wèn)句)
He _____ ______ ______ important at the meeting.
______ he ______ ______ important at the meeting?
30. I have to wash all the plates and things after meals.(劃線提問(wèn))
_____ _____ you have to wash all the plates and things?
31. The woman in the red coat is her mother.(劃線提問(wèn))
______ ______ is her mother?
32. Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.(劃線提問(wèn))
_____ ____ ____ Li Ping _____ on the dictionary?
33. Both of his parents are workers.(改成否定句)
___ of his parents ______ a worker.
34. He went to the park with his sister.(劃線提問(wèn))
_____ ____ ____ he go to the park?
35. We really enjoyed working on the farm.(劃線提問(wèn))
What _____ you really enjoy ______?
36. She writes to her parents once a week.(劃線提問(wèn))
_______ ______ ______ she write to her parents?
37. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.(劃線提問(wèn))
______ ______ ______ our P.E teacher been at this school
38. It’s ten minutes’ walk from my home to the school.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
______ _______is it from your home to the school?
39. She is going to be a nurse in the future.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
__________is she going to ______in the future?
40. Allan will go back to England by plane next month. .( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
______ _______ Allan go back to England next month.
41. John went to see his grandmother once a week. .( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
__________ ________ _________ John go to see his grandmother?
42. I have been to Beijing twice. .( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))
___________ _____________ ___________ have you been to Beijing.
43. The old man can hardly dress himself.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
The old man can hardly dress himself,__________ _________?
44.Jim is ill. Let’s go and see him after school. (改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
Jim is ill. Let’s go and see him after school,___________ ____________?
45. I don’t think his father knows English. (改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
His father hardly knows English,_______ ___________?
46. He thinks his aunt is right. (改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
He thinks his aunt is right,___________ ___________?
47. Linda’s just come back from America . (改為反意疑問(wèn)句)
Linda’s just come back from America, ___________ ___________?
How __________ it is today!
49. She sings very well. (改寫(xiě)成感嘆句)
__________ well she sings!
50. He speaks English fluently! (改寫(xiě)成感嘆句)
__________ __________ he speaks English!
為了使同學(xué)們與人交往時(shí)舉止更加文雅,你校學(xué)生會(huì)正在舉辦以“How to behave well?”為主題的英語(yǔ)征文比賽,請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文。(以上背景內(nèi)容無(wú)需表述)
短文要點(diǎn)如下:
1.學(xué)生應(yīng)該守時(shí)、守信、不撒謊、不說(shuō)臟話;
2.禮貌待人,熱心助人;
3.遵守交通規(guī)則;不在公共場(chǎng)所喧嘩;不亂扔垃圾;
4.請(qǐng)你就此話題再補(bǔ)充一至兩點(diǎn)個(gè)人看法。
Behaving well is the secret of getting on well with others.
As a student,I think it’s very important to do everything on time and keep promises. Never lie to others or say dirty words. We should be polite to others and ready to help people in need. We’d better not talk loudly in public. Don’t throw litter or spit about. And remember to obey traffic rules.
Finally,learn to work with others. We need good teamwork in our life.
目前,我國(guó)高中語(yǔ)文作文教學(xué)的模式普遍較為單一,教師過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)向?qū)W生傳授作文寫(xiě)作技巧,很少和學(xué)生之間進(jìn)行交流、溝通,導(dǎo)致課堂氣氛緊張,學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣低下,甚至有的學(xué)生非常害怕、恐懼作文。就目前高中生作文現(xiàn)狀來(lái)看,普遍存在言之無(wú)文,缺乏情感的問(wèn)題,作文風(fēng)格千篇 一律,很少看到學(xué)生自己的觀點(diǎn)。新時(shí)期下,教師應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)理念,打破傳統(tǒng)“灌輸式”的教學(xué)模式,在課堂上不僅應(yīng)向?qū)W生傳授一些基本的寫(xiě)作技巧,同時(shí)也應(yīng)該注意和學(xué)生交流、溝通,活躍課堂氛圍,激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣。
其次,教師在實(shí)際教學(xué)過(guò)程中,應(yīng)注意因材施教,在充分了解、掌握每一個(gè)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)水平以及學(xué)習(xí)特點(diǎn)后,制定合理的教學(xué)方式,應(yīng)將作文教學(xué)和學(xué)生的日常學(xué)習(xí)和生活緊密聯(lián)系,布置的作文題目也應(yīng)盡可能和學(xué)生的實(shí)際生活聯(lián)系起來(lái),這樣不僅可以調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣,讓學(xué)生在寫(xiě)作時(shí)有話可說(shuō),同時(shí)也有利于提高教學(xué)的針對(duì)性。比如,教師可以以“珍惜生命”為話題讓學(xué)生寫(xiě)一篇作文,在寫(xiě)作之前,教師可以讓同學(xué)們自由分組,相互討論,大膽表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和見(jiàn)解,然后教師再點(diǎn)幾個(gè)同學(xué)表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),這樣不僅可以活躍課堂氣氛,也有利于發(fā)散學(xué)生的思維。
興趣是最好的老師,如果教師能夠引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)寫(xiě)作產(chǎn)生濃厚的興趣,勢(shì)必可以提高寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的效果。對(duì)于每一個(gè)高中學(xué)生而言,高考是最重要的`難關(guān),教師、學(xué)生都將所有的時(shí)間、精力放在如何提高高考成績(jī)上,而對(duì)語(yǔ)文作文教學(xué)的重視度不高,這也是導(dǎo)致高中生寫(xiě)作興趣低下的主要原因。高中語(yǔ)文教師應(yīng)充分認(rèn)識(shí)到作文教學(xué)的重要性,端正學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,在實(shí)際教學(xué)過(guò)程中,應(yīng)采用多種教學(xué)方式,激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣和寫(xiě)作積極性。教師應(yīng)可以多給予學(xué)生一些肯定和贊揚(yáng),這樣可以使學(xué)生心理得到安慰,增強(qiáng)自信心,更加執(zhí)著于作文寫(xiě)作。比如在批閱學(xué)生作文時(shí),教師應(yīng)仔細(xì)修改,在發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的亮點(diǎn)時(shí),一定要在旁邊備注,“good”、“用得妙”、“很好”等嘉獎(jiǎng)性的詞語(yǔ)。其次,教師還可以定期組織一些作文比賽活動(dòng),這樣也有利于激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,也可以營(yíng)造一種良好的學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,提高作文教學(xué)的有效性。
高中作文相對(duì)于初中作文而言,更加有深度,而且廣度更廣。就近幾年學(xué)生的高考作文來(lái)看,很多學(xué)生的作文寫(xiě)得比較空洞,都是泛泛而談,缺乏新意。在高考緊張的考試氛圍下,想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作出一篇優(yōu)秀作文,并不僅僅是要靠靈感,更重要的是需要自己平時(shí)的積累,只有自己肚子里面有貨,才可以在看到題目時(shí)能夠文思泉涌,思考問(wèn)題時(shí)也更加全面。因此,教師在日常教學(xué)活動(dòng)中應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生多閱讀,在日常生活、學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中學(xué)會(huì)觀察,不斷積累寫(xiě)作素材。首先,教師應(yīng)將寫(xiě)作教學(xué)和閱讀教學(xué)聯(lián)系起來(lái),在閱讀過(guò)程中引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)作者的文章布局和結(jié)構(gòu)、文字的表達(dá)方法。可以在閱讀文章后布置一次隨堂練習(xí),讓學(xué)生將自己剛剛閱讀過(guò)程中所學(xué)的知識(shí)能夠靈活運(yùn)用,變成自己的東西。同時(shí),教師應(yīng)向?qū)W生推薦《讀者》、《最小說(shuō)》、《小小說(shuō)》等有利于提高學(xué)生語(yǔ)文寫(xiě)作水平的雜志、書(shū)籍,并且要求自己在閱讀的過(guò)程中,留意一些名言警句或者是自己覺(jué)得非常精彩的語(yǔ)句、段落,并做好筆記,慢慢積累寫(xiě)作素材。
一篇好的作文,不僅需要良好的素材,充沛的感情,同時(shí)也需要一定的寫(xiě)作技巧進(jìn)行適當(dāng)處理。在實(shí)際教學(xué)過(guò)程中,教師也應(yīng)該指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握一些基本的寫(xiě)作技巧,為自己的作文加分。比如,在文章的開(kāi)頭如果比較有新意,往往會(huì)給閱卷老師眼前一亮的感覺(jué),可以增加第一印象。同樣,如果文章的結(jié)尾有一個(gè)漂亮的總結(jié),為整篇文章劃上一個(gè)完美的句號(hào),也可以為整篇作文加分。因此,學(xué)生在寫(xiě)作時(shí),應(yīng)在開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾的地方多花點(diǎn)心思。
綜上所述,作文教學(xué)在高中語(yǔ)文教學(xué)中占有極其重要的地位,對(duì)于提高學(xué)生的文學(xué)素質(zhì)和綜合素養(yǎng)具有極其重要的作用。新時(shí)期下,教師應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變教學(xué)理念,加強(qiáng)和學(xué)生之間的有效互動(dòng),激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣。同時(shí)應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生多閱讀,積累素材,并且傳授學(xué)生一些必要的寫(xiě)作技巧,全面提高作文教學(xué)有效性。
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