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幼兒教師教育網(wǎng),為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的幼兒相關(guān)資訊

高三英語復習課件(合集10篇)

發(fā)布時間:2023-06-08

高三英語復習課件。

幼兒教師教育網(wǎng)花費了很長時間來整理和編輯,最終完成了今天的“高三英語復習課件”。對于老師來說,其中一項重要的工作就是制作自己的教案課件,因此大家可以開始著手撰寫課堂教案課件了。仔細編排的教學教案可以幫助老師更好地掌握課程要點。歡迎閱讀參考!

高三英語復習課件 篇1

以下50句寫作句型與考研寫作考察的炙熱話題相關(guān),可以作為寫作的論證素材。建議考生在考前進行訓練。訓練的方法是先獨立將中文轉(zhuǎn)化為英文,然后對照參考譯文,自查錯誤,對自己的譯文進行改正,并學習參考譯文中較好的句型、詞匯等。最后要對好的語言素材進行背誦記憶。

1.涉及北京機動車使用量增加這一問題,有的人認為應該限制使用。另一些人持相反意見。

也許雙方的觀點都有一定道理,但是,無論車輛多少,必須對廢氣排放實行控制。

When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing, some people think that use should be limited.Others argue that the opposite is true.There is probably some truth to both arguments, but emission controls must be instituted regardless of the number of vehicles.

2.目前,針對流動工人的問題展開了普遍的爭論。反對流動工人增加的人認為這會導致犯罪率升高,從而危害社會穩(wěn)定。他們主張應該嚴格限制進入中國城市的流動工人。但是,另一方面,支持廉價勞動力流入的人主張,為了支持大規(guī)模的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)規(guī)劃,流動人口是必需的。

There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers.Those who object to the rising migrant population argue that increasing numbers lead to rising crime rates and harm social stability.They believe that strict limits should be placed on migrants entering China’s cities.But people who favor the influx of the cheap labor force, on the other hand, maintain that migrants are needed to support the massive urban infrastructure construction program.

3.人們普遍認為過度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。專家認為中國必須推行大規(guī)模的植樹造林計劃。但我對僅僅植樹造林就能解決問題表示懷疑。

It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding.Experts argue that China must introduce a massive forestation program.But I doubt whether forestation alone will solve the problem.

4.大多數(shù)人認為財富為所有問題提供解決的辦法。但是,我認為,盡管財富提供物質(zhì)上的利益,一個人應該放棄物質(zhì)至上的追求,而是集中精力追求幸福。

Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems.But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides, I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness.

5.越來越多的人通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進入了“信息時代”。針對這一現(xiàn)象,一些人認為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消除了障礙,為人們提供了與世界即時鏈接的途徑。但是,他們有沒有意識到迅速發(fā)展的信息技術(shù)也能導致侵犯隱私?

An increasing number of people are joining the “Information Age” via the Internet.In reaction to the phenomenon, some say the Internet has removed barriers and provided people with immediate access to the world.But do they realize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to intrusions of privacy?

6.最近,我們經(jīng)常聽到貧富差距擴大了的說法。一些人認為發(fā)達世界完全忽略了這個問題。事實是這樣嗎?細致的調(diào)查無法證實這一觀點。

These days we often hear about the widening gap between the rich and poor.Some argue the developed world has totally ignored the problem.But has it? Close examination fails to bear out the argument.

7.我們經(jīng)常被告知世界處于毀滅的邊緣。但事實真是這樣嗎?

We’re often told that the world is tethering on the brink of destruction.But is this really the case?

8.許多人談?wù)摰囊粋€最嚴重的問題集中在缺乏足夠的居住空間。

One of the most serious problems many people talk about centers on the lack of adequate housing space.

9.也許當今困擾國家的最危險的現(xiàn)象是遍布各級政府的官員腐敗。

Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is official corruption, which is pervasive in all levels of government.

10.世界上越來越多的人認識到加強環(huán)境保護的必要性。

There is a growing worldwide awareness of the need for strengthened environmental protection.

11.歷史上,人口過剩的問題從來沒有比現(xiàn)在更加突出。

Never before in history has the issue of overpopulation been more evident than now.

12.越來越多的人開始意識到財富不是幸福的唯一先決條件。

A growing number of people are beginning to realize that wealth is not the sole prerequisite for happiness.

13.盡管科學技術(shù)取得了非凡的進步,但是在保證進步成果使盡可能多的人受益這方面還存在一些問題。

In spite of the extraordinary progress made in science and technology, problems remain in terms of guaranteeing that achievements benefit the greatest number of people.

14.一位著名的思想家曾經(jīng)寫道:“對人類最大的威脅是人類自身!”如果事實確實如此,那么,現(xiàn)狀應該促使我們對我們未來的生存進行思索了。

A famous thinker once wrote that “the greatest threat to mankind is mankind itself!” If this is indeed the case, then the current situation should make us ponder our future existence.

15.對人們行為的多年觀察使我能夠得出這樣的結(jié)論:平庸和成功的主要區(qū)別僅僅在于相關(guān)的個人。成功的個人不斷尋求進步,而他們比較懶惰的同時代人僅僅滿足于現(xiàn)狀。

Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude that the major difference between mediocrity and success lies solely with the individual concerned.Successful individuals consistently seek advancement, while their less industrious contemporaries are merely content with the status quo.

16. 傳統(tǒng)的思維方式有了顯著的變化。輿論發(fā)生了劇變,人們表現(xiàn)出更開放的思想以及決定他們自己命運的強烈愿望。

Traditional ways of thinking have changed dramatically. The pendulum has swung and people are exhibiting greater open-mindedness and a burning desire to determine their own destiny.

17.近年來出現(xiàn)了對社會有害的拜金主義傾向。最近的一項調(diào)查表明,X%的調(diào)查對象把致富作為他們的首選,相比之下,就在幾年前,只有X%的人這樣想。為什么人們沒能意識到財富不一定帶來幸福呢?

There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards the worship of money. A recent survey showed that X percent of respondents ranked getting rich as their top priority, compared to X percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that wealth does not necessarily bring happiness?

18. 幾個月前,我的一個朋友死于一場與酒后駕車有關(guān)的悲慘車禍。這件事情一點兒也不罕見,事實上是數(shù)以千計的案件的典型,這些案件與在酒精作用下開車的人有關(guān)。

Some months ago, a friend of mine was killed in a tragic automobile accident involving a drunk driver. The incident was far from rare, and was in fact typical of thousands of cases involving people driving under the influence of alcohol.

19. 簡而言之,我們必須勤奮工作,為了下一代把世界變成更美好的地方。我們不應該堅持對環(huán)境有害的追求。

In short, we must work diligently to make the world a better place for coming generations. We must not persist in pursuits harmful to the environment.

20. 我們必須避免過分放縱和鋪張浪費。相反,我們應該繼續(xù)發(fā)揚節(jié)儉的優(yōu)點以守護我們新獲得的繁榮。

We must avoid overindulgence and conspicuous consumption. We must instead continue to recognize the benefits of thrift in order to protect our newfound prosperity.

21. 獲得成功說起來比做起來容易,然而堅持不懈確實會有好結(jié)果。成功人士的最重要的特征之一是自信,第二是渴望,還有一個是決心。

While achieving success is easier said than done, persistence does in fact pay off. One of the most important traits of a successful person is self-confidence, another is desire, and still another is determination.

22. 認識到問題是找到解決辦法的第一步。

Recognizing a problem is the first step in finding a solution.

23. 我們應該感謝許多為把世界變得更美好而奉獻一生的人。然而,我們不能依靠他們的成績,而必須努力工作,取得更輝煌的成就。

We owe a debt of gratitude to the many individuals who dedicated their lives to making the world a better place. However, we must not rest on their accomplishments, but must instead work assiduously to record even greater achievements.

24. 現(xiàn)在,中國面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)是保持持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長和靠世界上僅僅百分之七的可耕地養(yǎng)活仍在增長的12億人口。盡管遇到的困難很大,中國人無疑會表現(xiàn)出不知疲倦的活力,在兩方面都取得巨大成功。

The two major challenges facing China today center on maintaining sustained economic growth and feeding its growing population of over 1. 2 billion people with only seven percent of the world’s cultivable land. Despite the monumental difficulties involved, Chinese people will undoubtedly exhibit their indefatigable resilience and achieve great success in both regards.

25. 事實上,我們達到最終的目標還有很長的路要走,但是,取得一些成績還是可能做到的。

We do, in fact, have a long way to go to reach our final goal, but achieving some remains well within the realm of possibility.

26. 為什么越來越多的中國老人不和他們的孩子住在一起?原因之一是年輕一代的上進心增強了。另一個原因是社會上老人的機會增加了。然而,主要的原因可能是傳統(tǒng)觀念發(fā)生了巨大變化。

Why are an increasing number of elderly Chinese parents living apart from their children? One reason is the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation. Another is expanding social opportunities for the elderly. Perhaps the main reason, however, centers on dramatic changes in traditional concepts.

27. 什么引發(fā)了人們對鍛煉越來越濃的興趣?一方面,人們更加清楚地意識到保持身體健康的必要性。另一方面,不斷提高的生活水平使中國人能夠支付增加的娛樂支出。最主要的可能在于鍛煉帶來的保健和心理上的好處。

What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? For one thing, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness. For another, the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues. The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides.

28. 要找到涉及許多復雜因素的新現(xiàn)象的原因遠非一件易事。例如,一些科學家把環(huán)境的惡化歸結(jié)為一些自然因素,而另一些人把責任都推到人類不適當?shù)男袨樯稀?/p>

Identifying the reasons for an emerging phenomenon which involves several complicated factors is far from an easy task. For example, some scientists attribute environmental deterioration to a series of natural factors, while others place the blame solely on inappropriate human behavior.

29. 對上升的少年自殺率的解釋涉及很多復雜的因素。有的人把上升的原因歸結(jié)為過分強調(diào)少年時期的成功,有的人指出是因為不斷增長的同伴之間的壓力,還有人認為是對不斷變化的社會價值的迷茫造成的。

The explanation for the phenomenon of the rising teenage suicide rate involves many complicated factors. Some attribute the rise to an overemphasis on early success, others point to mounting peer pressure, and still others to confusion over changing social values.

30. 兒童的發(fā)展取決于很多因素,包括生理的和心理的。從嬰兒期到青春期的正確的家長教育決定一個成熟的個人的體質(zhì)及智力的狀況。

Child development depends on a number of factors, both physical and psychological. Correct parental nurturing from infancy through adolescence determines both the physical and mental profile of a mature individual.

31. 自信、雄心,加上決心和毅力等因素是造成最終的成功或失敗的原因。

Factors such as self-confidence and ambition, combined with determination and willpower, contribute to eventual success or failure.

32. 如今人類最常見的一個不足是不說真話。人們必須意識到不說真話、說謊話在過去沒有,事實上,將來也永遠不會變錯誤為正確。

One of the most common failures of people today is to avoid telling the truth. People must realize that avoidance and lying have never in the past and, in fact, never will right a wrong.

33. 聲稱缺少機會不過是敷衍失敗的借口。通常,失敗最根本的原因是相關(guān)的個人本身缺乏動力。

Claiming a lack of opportunities is nothing more than a superficial excuse for justifying failure. The fundamental reason for failure is most often the lack of drive on the part of the individual involved.

34. 我們可以,而且經(jīng)常因個人的失敗抱怨我們的同時代人,但是,事實是許多問題的根本原因要深刻得多。

We can, and quite often do, blame our contemporaries for personal failures, but the fact of the matter is that the root causes for most problems go much deeper.

35. 雖然全球變暖這一長期的問題確實很嚴重,但考慮到諸如環(huán)境的迅速惡化和不可更新資源的'普遍濫用等當前的問題,它的重要性就有所降低了。

While the long-term problem of global warming is indeed serious, its significance diminishes somewhat when considering immediate problems such as rapid environmental deterioration and the rampant misuse and abuse of nonrenewable resources.

36. 與擁有一輛自行車相比,人們更愿意擁有一輛汽車,但擁有后者涉及的問題遠遠超過前者。原因之一,汽車昂貴很多,需要更多的維護。原因之二,自行車不會引起污染。

Owning a car might be preferable to owning a bicycle, but the problems associated with owning the former far outweigh those of the latter. For one thing, automobiles are exponentially more expensive and require greater maintenance. For another, bicycles don’t pollute.

37. 從成功的角度來說,良好的職業(yè)道德與教育同等重要。事實上,成功的確建立在兩方面完全融合的基礎(chǔ)上。

From the standpoint of success, a good work ethic is no less important than an education. Success does, in fact, depend on the total integration of both aspects.

38. 改善教師的困難處境的確是優(yōu)先處理的一件事情。但是,改進整個教育系統(tǒng)同等重要。

Improving the plight of teachers is indeed a priority item. However, improving the overall education system is likewise no less important.

39. 無論結(jié)果如何,我們必須堅定地繼續(xù)為目標而努力。

Whatever the outcome, we must resolutely precede with our objective.

40. 無論成功的決心多么堅定,成功的要求多么強烈,一個人永遠不能喪失他/她的道德和社會覺悟。

However great the will to achieve, and however great the demand to succeed, one should never abandon his/her moral and social consciousness.

41. 微軟的創(chuàng)始人比爾?蓋茨是成功的經(jīng)典范例。

Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, is a classic example of success.

42. 堅持不懈能取得好結(jié)果!一個恰當?shù)睦邮钦谶M行的關(guān)于中東和平進程的談判和預期達成的引人注目的決議。

Persistence pays off! A case in point centers on the ongoing negotiations and anticipated eminent resolution of the Middle East peace process.

43. 歷史上有很多值得稱贊和效法的偉人。

History abounds with great men worthy of adulation and emulation.

44. 鍛煉對健康的重要性只是生活中人們想當然的事情的一個例子。

The importance of exercise to good health is only one example of aspects of life people most often take for granted.

45. 想象一下如果我們稍微多關(guān)心一下我們的同胞,世界將變得多美好。

Just imagine how great the word would be if we would only exhibit greater concern for our fellowman.

46. 一個人僅僅為了幫助別人而愿意完全放棄生活的舒適是很罕見的。

It is rare to find a person willing to totally abandon the comforts of life simply to help others.

Personal experience has taught that kindness to others pays untold dividends.

48. 慶幸的是,大量可靠的證據(jù)證明抽煙和癌癥有直接聯(lián)系是毫無疑問的。

Fortunately, a mountain of reliable evidence proves the direct link between smoking and cancer beyond any shadow of the doubt.

49. 數(shù)據(jù)顯示模仿的犯罪行為有大幅度的增加,這證明電視暴力是犯罪增加的一部分直接原因。

Television violence has contributed directly to rising crime, as evidenced by statistics showing a dramatic rise in copycat crimes.

50. 當被問及對現(xiàn)在有關(guān)美國總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓的沸沸揚揚的議論有什么看法時,大多數(shù)人認為這種曖昧關(guān)系純屬私事。但是,還有很多人認為他的行為應當受到譴責。我個人認為總統(tǒng)犯了這些過錯,應該被指控。

When asked about the ongoing uproar involving U. S. President Bill Clinton, most people say the affair involves a purely private matter. But many other people regard his actions as deplorable. I personally think the president committed impeachable offences.

高三英語復習課件 篇2

(2) 能力目標:熟練掌握閱讀理解的考核項目及解題思路、備考策略。

(3) 情感目標:揭開閱讀理解的神秘面紗,使學生樹立信心,從容應對。

教學難點:如何從對整篇文章的把握,對特定細節(jié)以及復雜句子的理解方面提高學生的歸納、推理、判斷能力,選出最佳選項。

教學方法:演繹歸納法。通過對此題型的講解和歸納,使學生能夠更容易從方法上去把握,從練習中去體會其解題的規(guī)律。

廣東省高考英語閱讀理解題的考查目的:

高考閱讀理解要求考生在20分鐘左右的時間內(nèi),完成對三篇不同題材、體裁文章的理解。另外,今年還增加了信息匹配題。要求考生在5分鐘左右的時間內(nèi),完成對一篇文章有關(guān)信息的篩選和匹配。閱讀理解考查的不僅是考生對整篇文章的把握能力,還考查了他們快速捕捉信息、準確理解特定細節(jié)以及復雜句子的能力;考生不僅要理解文章的表層意思,更重要的是要通過文章的表層去合理推斷、挖掘文章的隱含意義、延伸意義。這是對考生能力、智力、心理的一個綜合檢驗。閱讀理解的好壞在很大程度上決定著英語考試成績。

高考閱讀理解試題的類型主要分為四種:細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、猜測詞義題和主旨大意題。它們常見的提問形式如下:

Which of the following (statements) is TRUE/not TRUE?

According to the passage, who(what, where ,when, why, how, etc,)…?

The following are mentioned EXCEPT______?

Why does the author say…?

Where in the passage does the author describe…?

It can be inferred from the passage that______

It can be included from the passage that_____

We can draw a conclusion that_____

We can learn from the passage that____

The underlined word “hit”( in paragraph 1) probably means___

What does the underlined part“reimburse you” probably mean?

By saying “it is all worth it” in the last paragraph ,the author means that ______

What is the main idea of the passage?

The best title for the passage might be____

The main purpose of the passage is to _____

The passage mainly tells us /is mainly about___

我們結(jié)合《英語周報》高三廣州專版第30,31期的專題復習內(nèi)容研以及配套的例題分析(見《英語周報》),針對高考閱讀理解的四種主要題型,給學生做解題策略指導和技巧總結(jié).

策略指導:先瀏覽一遍題目,把題目的要求儲存在大腦中,帶著疑問去快速閱讀,然后找出與題目相關(guān)的信息詞句加以理解分析,去偽存真。此種辦法能有效地避免做細節(jié)理解題時的失誤。

【技巧總結(jié)】準確捕捉信息,注意對信息進行綜合分析,分清主次、真?zhèn)?,避免受信息的干擾,陷入高考題所設(shè)下的“陷阱”,誤選干擾項,因為某些干擾選項在文章中也能找到“依據(jù)”,具有很強的迷惑性。

策略指導:深層含義通常是隱藏在文字背后的延伸之意,弦外之音,如作者的意圖、傾向、語氣,人物的性格、心理、情感,故事的結(jié)局,事情的因果關(guān)系等。因此大家需調(diào)動自己的邏輯思維能力,透過字里行間,去嚴密推理,合理想象。

【技巧總結(jié)】隱含信息并非“空穴來風”, 而是“有源之水”,即隱含信息也是以文章的語言為載體。大家應準確捕捉信息,調(diào)動智力因素,嚴密推理,合理想象,忌“憑空想象 ”或“斷章取義”。在閱讀理解中結(jié)合自己的常識進行判斷是必要的,但決不能以常識取代信息分析。推理判斷既要嚴密,又要靈活。

策略指導:首先從詞匯所處的語境進行分析,注意上下文之間的關(guān)系,如:如果出現(xiàn)that is, that is to say或破折號等,我們可以斷定,后面的內(nèi)容是對前面內(nèi)容的解釋;如果出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but, however, yet以及表示相反結(jié)果的on the contrary, on the other hand等,我們可以從所給內(nèi)容相反的意義去考慮。

【技巧總結(jié)】高考語意判斷題很多都是考查舊詞新義的理解。因此大家需把詞匯或短句的字面意義與語境和上下文結(jié)合起來,選擇最切合文章內(nèi)容,最符合上下文邏輯的意義,切忌望文生義。

策略指導: 讀完一篇短文后應有意識地回味一下文章的大致內(nèi)容,理一理文章的脈絡(luò),體會一下段與段之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,這樣做文章的中心一般都能概括出來, 涉及文章主旨大意方面的題目自然會在頭腦中由模糊變清晰。

【技巧總結(jié)】我們在歸納文章主題時,一定要注意選項的內(nèi)涵和外延必須能恰如其分地概括文章的主題,既不能范圍過大,也不能把某一細節(jié)或側(cè)面誤當作主題。閱讀時我們還應注意捕捉文章出現(xiàn)頻率較高的中心詞匯以及文章和段落的主題句。在選擇文章題目時,還應注意語言方面的特點:文章題目往往具有凝練、醒目的特點。

猜測詞義是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和處理生詞的能力。猜測詞義包括對詞、詞組和句意的理解,是高考英語試題閱讀理解中的一類必考題。猜測詞義題常見的解題方法:

任何一篇文章中的句子在內(nèi)容上都不是絕對孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有關(guān)。利用上下文提供的情景和線索,進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析而推測詞義,是閱讀過程中的一大關(guān)鍵,也是高考的熱點。

如:If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.

A. drunk B. sweating C. happy D. mistaken

分析:根據(jù)I don’t like to be with him我們感受到說話人的語氣。我不愿意跟他在一起,那么,他要邀請我出去是不可能的 他就大錯特錯了。因此答案D。

閱讀文章中的有些生詞尤其是新聞報導及科普類文章中的生詞,往往在其后有對該詞進行解釋說明性的短語或句子,如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in other words等,有時也以同位語、定語從句的形式出現(xiàn),或用破折號、括號來表示。

如:Some ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies(軍用物資),while others carried only passengers.

分析:such as后所列舉物品均為“貨物”,由此推斷cargo的意思相同,和后面的passengers形成對比。

有的文章作者為了增強表達效果,會用一對反義詞揭示事物的不同點,形成鮮明的對比,這時只要把握其中的一詞,就不難推出另一詞的含義,這種句子多見unlike, although, but, yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead of, rather than等信息詞。如:One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.

A. Quite right. B. Time enough. C. Most unlike. D. Just the opposite.

分析:由前句中perfect information到后面imperfect information這一組對比關(guān)系的詞,我們可以推斷應為“對比、相反”的意思。

常見的引出同義詞的標志性詞語有or, like, similarly等。如:

Millions of animals die each year on Us roads, the Highway administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill.

分析:從后面的同位語an endangered wild cat可知“ocelot”是一種野生貓

某些冷僻的詞匯后面會舉一個例子,使詞匯具體易懂。等連接性詞語往往用來舉例說明前面較難理解的名詞。

如:You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning.

分析:通過后面的例子:《英語世界》、《中小學外語教學》、《英語學習》,可知periodicals為“期刊雜志”

閱讀中常會遇到一些由所熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞,可利用構(gòu)詞法知識來推測其意思。

如:Exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would need at least 80ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved.

分析:anti-poison 是由poison加前綴anti-構(gòu)成的,anti-意思是“反對、排斥、抵抗”,由此可猜出anti-poison是“解毒、抗毒”的意思。

5. 結(jié)構(gòu)復雜的長句子出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解中往往造成大家心理上的緊張,有時讀了好幾遍還不知道句子的意思,白白浪費了時間,如何對待閱讀理解中的長句子?yJs21.coM

策略指導:閱讀理解中的結(jié)構(gòu)復雜的句子一般分為兩大類:第一類是由復合句或并列句構(gòu)成的長復雜句子;第二類是省略句。對于第一類句子,大家應抓其主干成分,理解其主體意思,其他的成分都是對主體意思的修飾和補充。對于第二類句子,大家應通過上下文找出省略成分,把句子補充完整。

【技巧總結(jié)】結(jié)構(gòu)復雜的句子往往出現(xiàn)在說明文或議論文中,這是造成考生心理緊張的主要原因。大家應冷靜下來,結(jié)合文章所說明或議論的中心話題,抓住主干,層層理解。

主要考察學生的速讀能力,即在有限的時間內(nèi)理解、總結(jié)信息并且能快速找到相關(guān)的信息的能力。學生要學會尋讀(scan),抓關(guān)鍵信息,然后進行匹配。

Step 3 Homework and consolidation exercises

1. 《英語周報》高三廣州專版第30,31期的專題復習內(nèi)容。

2. 《英語周報》高三廣州專版第33-34期的年高考英語模擬試題(一 )--(十二)一共12套。

3. 和2007年全國各地的英語高考試題中的閱讀理解。

閱讀理解旨在考查考生理解總體和特定信息的能力。

任何一篇文章都有一個主旨要義。有時從文章的第一個段落甚至第一個句子即可以得出文章的主旨要義。從這個段落或句子,讀者可以知道文章描述的是誰或什么即文章的主題,也會了解作者希望讀者了解主題方面的哪些內(nèi)容。有時,文章的主旨要義則需要從文章的字里行間進行推斷。這類試題主要考查考生的略讀文章、領(lǐng)會大意的能力,有時候它

對考生的歸納、概括能力有一定的要求。

一篇文章的主題和中心確定之后,還需要有大量的細節(jié)信息支持。這些細節(jié)對于理解全文的內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要,同時也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ),因而不容忽視。

正確理解文章中單詞或短語的含義是理解文章的第一步,也是理解文章的基礎(chǔ)。不懂得單詞的含義根本就談不上理解文章。但是,有時候英語單詞的含義并非等同于詞典上標注的漢語意思,其含義隨不同的語境會有所不同。根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活多變的詞義,

才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。

在實際閱讀活動中,有時候需要根據(jù)文章提供的線索和事實,進行邏輯推理,推測作

者未提到的事實或某事情發(fā)生的可能性。

英語文章講究主題段和主題句。主題段通常在文章的開頭,主題句可能在某一段的開頭、中間或結(jié)尾,作用是交代該段的中心思想,再由全段展開或討論這個意思。段與段之間通常有詞語連接,承上啟下,使文章行文連貫。如果希望準確、深刻地理解一篇文章,必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解,把握住全文的文脈,即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。對

這種能力的考查一般反映在文章的中心思想、文中某段的大意或指代關(guān)系的題目中。

每篇文章都有一個特定的寫作目的,或是向讀者傳遞某個信息,或是愉悅讀者,或是講授某個道理。而這些信息通常不是明確表達出來,而是隱含在文章之中。因此,這類問

題要求考生在理解文章總體的基礎(chǔ)之上,去領(lǐng)會作者的眼外之意。

下面結(jié)合2007年廣東高考閱讀理解試題,具體分析對這些能力的考查:

A

How should one invest a sum of money in these days of inflation (通貨膨脹)? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. Only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your saving and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.

I sometimes wonder what a being from another planet might report back about our way of life. “The planet Earth is ruled by a mysterious creature that sits or stands in a room and makes a strange ticking sound, it has a face with twelve black marks and two hands. Men can do nothing without it's permission, and it fastens its young round people's wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control. This creature is the real master of Earth and men are its slaves. ” Whether or not we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. Certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts. They were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout the time. So it seems that the first clocks were human beings.

However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hourglasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.

Antique clocks could be very expensive, but one of the joys of collecting clocks is that it is still possible to find quite cheap ones for your own home. After all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?

41. According to the passage, collecting antique clocks______.

A. can hardly keep the value of your savings

B. will cost much of your savings

42. By quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to________.

A. suggest human beings are controlled by a clock

B. describe why clocks can rule the planet Earth

C. tell readers what clocks look like

D. compare clocks to human beings

43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to measure the time?

A. Counting the beating of one's own heart.

B. Making use of candles, sand and water.

C. Observing shadows cast by the sun.

D. Keeping slaves busy day and night.

44. The underlined phrase “stately homes”in paragraph 4 means________.

B. houses in very good condition

C. grand houses open to the public

D. houses where statesmen meet regularly

45. The purpose of the passage is_______.

A. to introduce the culture of antique clocks

B. to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks

C. to compare different ways to make a future profit

D. to explain convenient and reliable ways of telling time

[導讀] 這是一篇敘議結(jié)合的散文。人們在通貨膨脹的今天應該怎樣投資一筆錢呢?存在銀行里,這筆錢幾乎不能夠保值,無論存款利息多么高。只有勇敢的人或是富有者才敢于在股票市場買賣。今天保護你的儲蓄甚至增加你的財富最好方法之一似乎是購買過去遺傳下來的漂亮的物品。因此,作者順理成章地提出一些關(guān)于收藏古董鬧鐘的忠告,奉勸人

們投資收藏古董鬧鐘以便將來盈利。

Key: 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B

41. C。細節(jié)事實理解題。收集鬧鐘可以增加你的財富。根據(jù)第1段的句子:Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your saving and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques. 今天保護你的儲蓄甚至增加你的財富最好方法之一似乎是購買過去的漂亮的物品。這里我打算提供一些關(guān)于收集古董鬧鐘的忠告,我個人認為它們是最令人感興趣的古董之一。再看最后一段最后一句:After all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?別忘了,如果你打算受時間制約,請投資收藏古董鬧鐘以便將

來盈利吧?

42. A。深層含義理解題。作者引用外星人的話,目的是為了說明人類被鬧鐘所控制。根據(jù)第2段的引文意思:有時候我想知道一個外星人關(guān)于我們的生活方式可能會反饋回去的報告內(nèi)容是什么?!暗厍蜻@個行星被神秘的動物控制,這種動物坐在或站在一個房間里并發(fā)出一種奇怪的滴答聲,它有一張臉,臉上有12個黑色的標記,還有兩只手。如果沒有它的命令人們什么事情也不做,并且它把它那年輕的圓圓的人們的手腕系得緊緊地,這樣,無論人們走到那里,都處于它的控制之下。這個動物是地球的真正的主人,人是它的

” 奴隸。

43. D。細節(jié)判斷題。A項與第2段的下列句子吻合:Certain men were very clever at measuring the time of day according to the beating of their own hearts.; B項與第3段的下列句

子吻合:They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hourglasses, and invented water-clocks;C項與第3段的下列句子吻合:They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun.;D項的含義是:“讓奴隸日夜忙碌”,這與第2段的下列句子不一致:... but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time.但是人們相信許多年之前國王們畜養(yǎng)了專用的奴隸來辨別時間。

44. C。詞義猜測題。state-owned houses國有的房子;houses in very good condition狀況良好的房子;grand houses open to the public對公眾開放的宏偉的房子;houses where statesmen meet regularly政治家們經(jīng)常集會的房子。根據(jù)第4段的信息詞student, visiting palaces和museums判斷,認真研究古董的學生應該盡可能多花時間參觀宮殿、宏偉的房

子和博物館,可以看見一些過去遺傳下來的最精致的鬧鐘的珍品。

45. B。寫作意圖題。作者的寫作目的是為了提出一些關(guān)于收藏古董鬧鐘的忠告。見第1段句子:Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques. 這里我打算提供一些關(guān)于收藏古董鬧鐘

的忠告,我個人認為它們是最令人感興趣的古董之一。

B

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.

Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.

Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions.

Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

46. According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our .

47. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to .

48. The phrase “bringing the error to the clerk's attention” (in para. 5) means .

A. telling the truth to the clerk

C. asking the clerk to be more attentive

D. reminding the clerk of the charged item

49. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?

A. We'll be very excited.

B. We'll feel unfortunate.

C. We'll have a sense of honor.

D. We'll feel sorry for the clerk.

50. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

D. Happiness through Honorable Actions

[導讀] 這是一篇說理、規(guī)勸性的議論文。本文的中心是:作者提倡通過高尚的行為獲得幸福,規(guī)勸人們多行善事獲得幸福,以形成一種美麗的積極的循環(huán)。高尚的思想行為可以使你的生活具有一種和平感、幸福感、善良感和自尊感。過高尚行為的生活可以創(chuàng)造美麗的積極的循環(huán)。高尚的思想導致高尚的行為。高尚的行為致使我們幸福的生存。當我們幸福的時候,我們?nèi)菀桩a(chǎn)生高尚的思想和行為。雖然積極的循環(huán)難以開啟,但是,一旦開啟,就容易繼續(xù)下去。堅持不斷地做善事會給我們到來平靜的心理,這樣做對我們的幸福

46. A。細節(jié)事實理解題。第5段第6-8句:In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.比較而言,把這個錯誤引起這個職員的注意導致幾件事情發(fā)生。職員立刻知道我們是高尚的(honorable)。我

們一離開商店,就感覺到是高尚的,并且我們的自尊在增加。

47. B。細節(jié)事實理解題。第5段第1-2句:In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. 在第一個案例中,我們不告訴那個職員,有幾件事情會發(fā)生。在內(nèi)心深處我們會知道我們

自己就是小偷。

48. A。句子意思猜測題。第5段分兩層意思。第1-5句是第一層意思:在第一個案例中,我們不告訴那個職員,有幾件事情會發(fā)生。在內(nèi)心深處我們會知道我們自己就是小偷。在這個過程中,我們的心理會失去平靜,也失去自尊。我們也會證明我們不可以信賴,因為我們通過告訴家里的人和朋友的方式來忠告我們的恥辱。第5段第6-8句是第二層意思:比較而言,把這個錯誤引起這個職員的注意導致幾件事情發(fā)生。職員立刻知道我們是高尚的(honorable)。我們一離開商店,就感覺到是高尚的,并且我們的自尊在增加。通過對比這兩層意思,可以判斷bringing the error to the clerk's attention意思是“實話告訴這個職

員”。

49. C。細節(jié)事實理解題。第5段第7-8句:Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. 職員立刻知道我們是高尚的(honorable)。我們一離開商店,就感覺到是高尚的,并且我們的自

員”。

50. D。歸納標題。結(jié)合第1段和最后一段,并綜合全文,我們可以得知:通過高尚的行為獲得幸福。過高尚行為的生活可以創(chuàng)造美麗的積極的循環(huán)。高尚的思想導致高尚的行為。高尚的行為致使我們幸福的生存。當我們幸福的時候,我們?nèi)菀桩a(chǎn)生高尚的思想和行為。雖然積極的循環(huán)難以開啟,但是,一旦開啟,就容易繼續(xù)下去。堅持不斷地做善事會

給我們到來平靜的心理,這樣做對我們的幸福很重要。

C

Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic (寄生蟲引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year ---- almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.

Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease is passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.

For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.

51. According to paragraph I, many people don't seek care because .

C. they can remain unaffected for long

D. there are too many people suffering from the disease

52. People suffering from malaria .

A. have to kill female mosquitoes

B. have ability to defend parasites

C. have their red blood cells infected

D. have sudden fever, followed by chills

53. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?

A. Its resistance to global warming.

B. Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.

C. Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.

D. Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.

54. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease

B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people

C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites

D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease

55. Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?

A. How can we know one is suffering from malaria?

B. How many people are killed by malaria each year?

C. Why are there so many people suffering from malaria?

D. What has been done to keep people unaffected for long?

[導讀] 這是一篇介紹醫(yī)學科普常識的說明文。本文主要介紹瘧疾病的起因、傳播、危害與治療。瘧疾(Malaria)是世界上傳播最廣泛的寄生蟲引起的病,每年都要使三百萬人致命--幾乎全是5歲以下的孩子,并且是貧窮的非洲人。瘧疾病本身有很多基因,對于各種新藥物具有抵抗性,所以目前還沒有找到根治瘧疾病的最佳治療方法和藥物。

51. A。細節(jié)事實理解題。見第1段第2-3句:... because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. (多年來,有5億多病例由這種病引起的,雖然確切的數(shù)字難以估計,) 因為許多人不去尋求(或不可能)醫(yī)療護理。這種情況對于一個年收入不到200美元的家庭并非不同尋常,因為要治療瘧疾病,

就花去年收入的四分之一,并且他們時常所得到的不再有效。

52. C。細節(jié)事實理解題。見第2段第3句:Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .瘧疾寄生蟲依靠吃他們感染的紅血球生存。這說明瘧疾病患者的紅

血球受到感染。

53. D。細節(jié)事實理解題。這種疾病之所以廣泛傳播是因為它有一種自我防御和抵抗新藥物的能力。見第2段倒數(shù)第3句:Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change

rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control.。

54. B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第3段倒數(shù)第2句:Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. 一些成功的可供選擇的化學藥品在阻止瘧疾的這種抵抗力方面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)效用,但是這些可供選

擇的化學藥品非常短缺,并且昂貴,因此大多數(shù)人不容易得到可供選擇的治療。

55. D。細節(jié)事實理解題。A項見第2段第1句:Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches;B項見第1段第1句:... kills as many as three million people every year almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African.;C項見第2段第3句:Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control.;又見第1段第2

句:... because many people don't (or can't) seek care.;D項沒有提到。

高三英語復習課件 篇3

1.利用課文的詞、句復習,訓練學生的組句能力。從詞和句入手,將每個單元課文的詞和句與基礎(chǔ)寫作結(jié)合起來,是培養(yǎng)和提高學生的英語能力的有效途徑。這不僅能幫助提高學生記憶和靈活應用詞匯的能力,而且還有助于訓練學生語句表達的正確性。

(1)歸納詞匯和句型,幫助學生建立對詞、句使用的感性認識。寫作是一種語言的輸出形式,只有大量的語言輸入,語言輸出才有可能;只有積累了一定的感受和大量的語言素材,寫作才有可能進行。為了幫助學生記憶課文中的單詞和短語,達到積累語言素材,掌握基本語法知識與語句結(jié)構(gòu)的目的,教師可以從訓練學生歸納每個單元課文中出現(xiàn)的重要詞匯、短語和常用句型入手,使學生對句型結(jié)構(gòu)的認識更加清楚,并對詞、句的使用語境形成感性的認識。

(2)操練詞匯和句型,訓練學生的記憶和使用詞、句的能力。為了使學生掌握和應用課文中所學詞匯和句型,教師應為學生創(chuàng)設(shè)多層次的練習活動,拓寬寫作的.訓練途徑。教師可采用將學生從課文中歸納的詞匯、句型進行詞類轉(zhuǎn)換、習慣用法、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、完型填空、寫短文等形式的訓練,幫助提高學生的記憶和使用詞、句的能力。

二、借鑒課文詞、句進行仿寫。

通過提供情景讓學生模仿造句,不僅可以降低寫作難度,而且可以增加學生寫作的興趣、自信和成就感,使學生的遣詞造句的能力在實踐中得到提升。

三、借鑒課文句型,訓練寫作多種表達與技巧,拓展學生思維。

教師在教學實踐中會發(fā)現(xiàn),學生在基礎(chǔ)寫作中往往出現(xiàn)句式雷同、語句呆板、行文單一等現(xiàn)象,缺乏用5個句子有效表達和傳輸信息的能力。因此,教師就有必要繼續(xù)進一步加強句子多樣化表達、句子轉(zhuǎn)換替代、句子合并等訓練,教會學生使用不同的短語、句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達同一的意義;同時,還讓學生明白寫作的邏輯原則:一個句子表達的信息量越多,而且使用的句子越精練、清楚,那么句意表達和傳輸信息就越有效。

四、利用課文體裁,訓練學生謀篇布局的能力。

教師會發(fā)現(xiàn)高三學生在寫作中存在的另一個問題是層次不清、結(jié)構(gòu)散亂以及邏輯性不強,這是因為學生缺乏謀篇布局的能力。針對這方面問題,教師可以在教學中利用課文的體裁進行文章結(jié)構(gòu)方面的訓練以及進行句子、段落間的連接訓練。

高三英語復習課件 篇4

英語寫作基礎(chǔ)語法是怎么樣的?各位同學,我們一起看看下面,一起閱讀吧!

It will rain tomorrow.

He often runs in the morning.

They cried.

Tom exercises every day.

I miss my mother very much.

She wants to go home now.

The English club is going to hold an English party.

The music sounds wonderful.

The leaves have turned red.

She is a student.

We keep silent about that.

4

主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物):S+V+IO+DO

The teacher gave a book to him.=The teacher gave him a book.

They told me an interesting story.

The waitress offered me a bottle of wine.

My father will buy me a bike.=My father will buy a bike for me.

Miss Smith teaches us English.

5

主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+賓語補足語: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?S+V+O+C

They call me Xiao Wang.

I saw him swimming in the river.

We elected him monitor of the class.

高三英語復習課件 篇5

非謂語動詞有三種形式:不定式,動詞ing形式(v-ing)及過去分詞(ed分詞)。

不定式的基本形式是由“to+ 動詞原形”構(gòu)成,其否定形式是not to do,不定式可以帶自己的賓語或狀語,構(gòu)成不定式短語,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化,不定式在句中可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語,不作謂語。如:

Lucy asked him to turn up the radio.

To make a plan first is a good idea.

1. 動詞不定式不失動詞的特點,有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化,不定式有六種形式,以write為例:

(1)不定式的時態(tài):

①不定式所表達的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或是在謂語動詞之后發(fā)生,不定式用一般式,如:

It seems that he knows this.

鯤e seems to know this.

I hope that I'll see you again.

鯥 hope to see you again.

②不定式所表達的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生,并強調(diào)動作正在進行的情景,或持續(xù)性,不定式用進行式,如:

He pretended that he was listening to English course when I came in.

鯤e pretended to be listening to English course when I came in.

I am very glad that I am working with you.

鯥 am very glad to be working with you.

③不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,不定式用完成式,如:

I am sorry that I have put you so much trouble.

鯥 am sorry to have put you so much trouble.

It seems that I have met you somewhere before.

鯥 seem to have met you somewhere before.

④如果強調(diào)不定式所表示的動作從過去某一時刻起一直持續(xù)到某一時刻,不定式用完成進行時,強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性,不強調(diào)結(jié)果。如:

She seems to have been reading the novel for three hours.

The rain was said to have been falling for a week.

(2)不定式的語態(tài):當不定式的邏輯主語與不定式是被動關(guān)系時,不定式一般用被動式。如:

This is the plan to be discussed at today's meeting.

The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.

Whether most countries can use natural energy in future remains to be seen.

(1)不定式作主語:

To say is one thing; to do is another.

To read novels is my hobby.

it形式主語常常代替作主語的不定式,而將不定式或不定式短語放在后面。

To talk with him is a great pleasure.

鯥t is great pleasure to talk with him.

To make electricity by building a dam across the sea is possible.

鯥t is possible to make electricity by building a dam across the sea.

注意:①To see is to believe. 主語和表語都是不定式,不能用it代替:It is to believe to see是錯誤的。

②To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 而finish與finishing放在than后面都是不合適的,因為前面句子的主語是to answer,后面的主語也要是to finish, 保持than前后句子結(jié)構(gòu)平行。

At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.

This suit doesn't seem to fit me.

The problems remain to be unsettled.

(3)不定式作賓語:在下列及物動詞后,常跟不定式作賓語:want, need, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, try, manage, forget, remember, know, begin, start, intend, plan, mean, pretend, prefer, agree, refuse, learn等。

To keep the water clean, you need to get some under water plants.

I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

They have decided to visit the nature park for the milu deer.

注意:不定式作賓語時,有時用“it”替換,it為形式賓語,而將真正的不定式作賓語后置,如:

I found to learn English well not easy.

鯥 found it not easy to learn English well.

I feel to help others my duty.

鯥 feel it my duty to help others.

Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.

What caused you to change your mind?

在被動語態(tài)was considered后面,不定式為主語補足語接不定式作賓補和主補的動詞常有:

ask, beg, cause, call n, help, force, allow, permit, advise, order, get, want, wish, tell

等。

(其中沒有hope sb. to do, suggest sb. to do和agree sb. to do)

注意:①不定式作賓語補足語,在部分感官及使役動詞后,用不帶to的不定式作賓語,常用的動詞有:let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel等,help有無to都可以,如:

The teacher had us recite the text every day.

The boss made his men work all the night.

把上面句子變成被動語態(tài)后,不定式成為句子的主語補足語,需帶to,即在被動語態(tài)中不定式一律帶to,不存在省略問題。

注意:②在謂語動詞think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, prove, find等后面跟to be作賓補,不跟to do,但其中有些可跟to have done作賓補。如:

Imagine yourself(to be)in his place.

We found him(to be)honest.

suppose…to be/suppose…to have done.

I suppose him to be about fifty.

We suppose him to have stolen it.

(5)不定式作定語:不定式作定語,有時與前面被修飾的名詞邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系,如果不定式是不及物動詞或所修飾的名詞是不定式的地點,工具等,不定式后面須有相應的介詞,如:

I have a meeting to attend. (attend the meeting)

Pass me a piece of paper to write on. (write on the paper)

在time, place, way后面的不定式省略介詞,如:

He had no money and no place to live.

其他不定式作定語情況,如:

I have no chance to go abroad.

They had never moment to rest.

There is a lot of work to do.

=There is a lot of work to be done.

There is no time to lose.

=There is no time to be lost.

但是在下列句子中,不定式主動與被動形式意義不同:

--Have you anything to wash?

--No, nothing. I plan to go shopping.

不定式動作的執(zhí)行者是you. you wash something

--Have you anything to be washed?

--No, Thank you.

不定式動作的執(zhí)行者不是you. 是省略了的(…to be washed)by me或by someone else.

I got up early in order to catch the 6∶30 train.

The boy ran all the way so as not to be late.

注意:so as to不能置于句首,in order to可以。

②作原因狀語:

He smiled to think of his clever plan.

③在某些形容詞后面作狀語:

I am glad to see you.

You are sure to succeed.

④作結(jié)果狀語:

第一, I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. (出乎意料的結(jié)果)

He is too old to read.

The boy is too young to dress himself.

當不定式前的形容詞為nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等時,too…to,“to…”可譯作肯定,

They are too nervous to leave. 他們急于離開

I am only too pleased to help you.

We are never too old to learn. 活到老,學到老。

第三,形容詞/副詞enough to do sth.

He was quick enough to catch the ball.

The girl is old enough to go to school.

第四,so…as to/such…as to如此……以致于……

He was so angry that he was unable to speak.

He was so angry as to be unable to speak.

He was such a fool that he believed the cheat.

He was such a fool as to believe the cheat.

⑤不定式作方面狀語,不定式作方面狀語與句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,不定式多用主動結(jié)構(gòu),如果不定式為及物動詞,后面不必再跟賓語,如果不定式為不及物動詞,要用相應的介詞,如:

The mountain is difficult to climb. (動賓關(guān)系:climb the mountain)

Lesson Two is easy to learn. (動賓關(guān)系:learn Lesson Two)

3. 不定式的邏輯主語:不定式的邏輯主語一般是句子的主語,如He seemed to be reading something, 當需要明確指出不定式動作的執(zhí)行者時,用for/of sb. (sth. )to do sth. 表示,如:

(1)當作表語的形容詞表達不定式的邏輯主語的品行,性格,性質(zhì)時,要用of,常見的這類形容詞有:

brave, careful, careless, kind, nice, good, honest, clever, wise, unwise, stupid, foolish, rude, cruel, silly, thoughtful, impolite, polite, right, wrong, 等。這時It+ be+ 形容詞+ of sb. /sth. to do sth. 句型,等于sb. /sth. + be+ 形容詞to do sth. , 如:

It is very kind of you to say so.

相當于You are very kind to say so.

It is clever of him to win the competition.

鯤e is clever to win the competition.

It+ be+ 形容詞+ for sb. /sth. to do sth. 這一句型中的形容詞大多為:

easy, important, usual, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。這些詞只能說明不定式行為的是與非,不能說明不定式的執(zhí)行者,所以不等于sb. + be+ 形容詞+ to do sth. ,如:

1)It is difficult for beginners to read the book.

不能說:Beginners are difficult to read.

但是第一類,即It+ be+ 形容詞+ of sb. to do sth. 句型中的形容詞,如right, impolite…等如果強調(diào)評論人用of,強調(diào)評論行為也可用for,應用情況如下:

(1)當sb. 為泛指時,形容詞著重評論不定式行為本身,如:

It was not right for the south to break away from the Union.

(2)當不定式為被動語態(tài)時,不定式的執(zhí)行者常常省略,因此形容詞只用來評論不定式行為了。

It was unkind for you to be laughed at.

4. 帶疑問詞的不定式:動詞不定式可以和疑問詞what, which, how, where, when, whether等連用,構(gòu)成不定式短語,如:

The question is when to start.

They haven't ageed on whether to build a factory here or not.

what to say.

I don't know what to write about.

how to do it.

注意:沒有if to do和why to do.

I don't know why I should do it. (正)

5. 不定式省略“to”的情況:

(1)當and或or連接同一概念的不定式時,或者當它們之間的關(guān)系并列一致時,可將and或or后面的to省去,如:

I'd like to go and see a film.

He had to have a job or go hungry.

但是,有時為了表示對照,或加強語氣,則不可以省去to,如:

It is easier to say than to do.

(2)不定式在一部分感官或使役動詞后面作賓補省略to。

(3)不定式在but(除了……以外),except后面的使用,如果but, except前有行為動詞do, but, except后省去to,如:

They had nothing to do but wait for the doctor.

The whole night he did nothing except watch TV.

(4)在固定句型中:would rather do…than do…/prefer to do rather than do:

1)The bus was so crowded that I'd rather walk home than take a bus.

2)I prefer to play tennis rather than(play)basketball.

6. “to”代表整個不定式:有時為了避免重復,省去不定式后面的內(nèi)容,保留到不定式符號to, 如果是to be,保留到be,如:

--Will you please give him a message when you see him?

--I'll be glad to.

--Would you like to go shopping with me?

有時為了強調(diào),也可以不省略。

Do what he or she tell you to do.

動詞-ing形式由動詞原形+ ing構(gòu)成。動詞-ing形式起到名詞、形容詞和副詞的作用,在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、狀語和賓語補足語,但不能單獨構(gòu)成謂語,其構(gòu)成形式如下,以do為例:

完成時態(tài) having done having been done

Learning English is very important to me.

Having been widened, the road took on a different look.

隨著-ing在句子中所做的成分不同,所用的時態(tài)和語態(tài)有不同的要求,關(guān)于-ing的時態(tài)和語態(tài)的詳細使用,在下面ing所作的句子成分中講述。

1. 動詞-ing形式作主語:

Seeing is believing.

有時主語太長,可用it作形式主語,將真正主語放在后面。如:

It is fun swimming in a river or lake in summer.

It is dangerous playing/to play with fire.

但在口語中用動詞-ing形式放在句首比不定式多。

Going shopping is a pleasant thing.

②在下列句型中習慣用-ing作主語,不用不定式:

It is no good doing.

It is useless only learning English grammar.

It is no good cutting down the forest.

③在there+ be+ no+ 主語結(jié)構(gòu)中,必須用動詞-ing作主語:

There is no telling what will happen in the future.

④主語和表語結(jié)構(gòu)相同,對等。

Seeing is believing.

To see is to believe.

Would you mind my sitting here?

We suggest going out for a picnic on Sunday.

(2)在介詞后:

We look forward to seeing you again.

(3)在worth, busy, feel like, look like等形容詞后面:

China Daily is well worth reading.

The firefighters were busy putting out the big fire.

They look like winning the relay race.

Suddenly I feel like eating something.

動詞-ing做主語或賓語時,一般情況下其邏輯主語為句子的主語,如果需要自己的邏輯主語時,要用物主代詞或名詞所有格+ 動詞-ing,如:

His/Li Ping's coming late, made the teacher unhappy.

Would you mind my/me smoking here?

當動詞-ing不在句首時,可用人稱代詞賓格,名詞普通格代替,但邏輯主語為無生命的名詞,或泛指時,用普通格,如:

We heard the noise of desks being opened and closed.

3. 不定式與動詞-ing作賓語的比較:

(1)在下列一些動詞后面常跟動詞-ing作賓語,而不跟不定式:

admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape,

excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention,

mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest等。如:

He practices speaking English every day.

He admitted having broken the window.

I much appreciate your giving me the chance.

She dislikes doing housework.

He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.

(2)在下列一些動詞后只跟不定式,不跟動詞-ing作賓語:

want(想要),hope, expect, wish, decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand,

offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…等,如:

I am expecting to get a letter from my parents.

We are planning to build another research center.

I'd like to buy a new car made in the U. S. A.

(3)在下列一些動詞后面跟不定式或動詞-ing形式作賓語,意義不同,如:

I remember doing this exercise before.

我記得以前做過這個練習。

Remember to post the book for me.

記住幫我把那本書寄走。

We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.

我們忘不了聽杰克遜唱歌的情景。

Don't forget to give my regards to them.

I'll try to improve my pronunciation.

我要努力去糾正,提高我的發(fā)音。

Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?

既然前門沒人答應,為什么不試試后門呢?

I suggest we stop working and have a rest.

我建議我們停下干活,休息一會兒。

They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.

他們停下來,聽一聽,再沒什么聲音。

What do you mean to do with your old bicycle?

你打算如何處理你那輛舊自行車?

I won't wait if it means delaying a week or so.

如果這意味著要推遲一星期左右,那我就不等了。

(4)在love, like, hate, prefer后面跟不定式和動詞-ing形式無多大區(qū)別,如:

Do you like to eat ice-cream?

I like traveling very much.

I like driving(do drive)fast cars.

(5)在start, begin后面,一般接不定式和動詞-ing形式無多大區(qū)別,在下列情況下,多用不定式:

①自然界變化:

It started to rain.

Snow started to melt as spring came.

②心理活動,在understand, know, realize等詞前面:

I began to understand my mother's feelings.

③begin, start本身為進行時:

Mother was starting to cook in the kitchen when I got home.

(6)在allow, advise, permit, forbid等動詞后面,有名詞或代詞作賓語,用不定式做賓語補足語,如果沒有賓語,直接用-ing形式,如:

1)We don't allow parking here.

2)The police don't allow people to park here.

3)He advised me to get an English pen friend.

4)I advise seeing more English films.

(7)need, require, want譯作“需要”時,跟動詞-ing作賓語,主動表示被動,相當于to be done,如:

The windows require cleaning.

The windows require to be cleaned.

The patient needs operating on at once.

The patient needs to be operated on.

The flowers want watering.

The flowers want to be watered.

(8)在一些固定表達中用動詞-ing形式,不用不定式:

can't help doing, be worth doing, devote…to doing, look forward to doing, be/get/become used to doing, object to doing, thank…for doing, excuse…for doing等。

Einstein devoted his life to making a research in science.

I'm looking forward to getting your letter.

We are used to living in the countryside.

4. 動詞-ing在句中作表語:

Our plan is setting up a new car factory.

My job is teaching/driving.

這類詞作表語,起解釋說明主語的作用,主表可顛倒:Teaching is my job. 轉(zhuǎn)換成問句,用what提問:

--What's your job?

--My job is teaching.

--How is your job?

--It is interesting.

--How was your trip?

--It is tiring, but interesting.

5. 動詞-ing作定語:

(1)表示被修飾名詞的用途:

There are two reading rooms in our school library.

a reading room其含義是A room is used for reading.

The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.

the swimming pool其含義是The pool is used for swimming.

(2)如果動詞-ing形式作定語表示被修飾的名詞發(fā)出的一個正在進行的動作或某種特征行為,這時被修飾的名詞與動詞-ing邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系,如果是主動關(guān)系用doing, 被動關(guān)系用done, 或being done表達,另外有時間要求:

第一種情況:主動關(guān)系,-ing形式與謂語動詞同時進行,或經(jīng)常發(fā)生,用doing,如:

Look at the dancing girl. She is one of my classmates.

Look at the girl who is dancing. ….

China is a developing country.

China is a country that is developing.

注意:①如果動詞-ing形式表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,一般不用having done作定語,而用定語從句表達,如:

The teacher criticized the boy having broken the window. (誤)

The teacher criticized the boy who had broken the window. (正)

注意:②如果表達的是未來發(fā)生的動作,或含有情態(tài)概念,用不定式表達,如:

I have a meeting to attend today.

鯥 have a meeting that I will attend today.

Mary is the proper worker to do the job.

鯩ary is the proper worker who can do the job.

第二種情況:被動關(guān)系:動詞-ing表達的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生,正在進行,用being done; 發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,完成了的動作用done;發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后,未來的動作,用to be done. 如:

The bridge being built now is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that is being built now is two kilometers long.

The bridge built last year is two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that was built last year is two kilometers long.

The bridge to be built next year will be two kilometers long.

鯰he bridge that will be built next year will be two kilometers long.

6. 動詞-ing作賓語補足語和主語補足語:經(jīng)常在see, hear, feel, watch, notice,

observe, find, get, look at, listen to, keep, leave, send, set, catch等一些動詞后面用動詞-ing作補語,其中賓語和賓語補足語在邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系,如果主謂關(guān)系是主動的,又表示動作在進行,或狀態(tài)的持續(xù),用doing; 如果主謂關(guān)系是被動的,又表示動作在進行,用being done,如:

I noticed them repairing the car.

鯳hen they were repairing the car, I noticed.

I noticed the car being repaired.

鯳hen the car was being repaired, I noticed.

如果賓語和賓補是主動關(guān)系,又表示動作的全過程,即完成或一般時態(tài),賓補用不定式to do表達(在某些動詞后面不定式不帶to);如果是被動關(guān)系,又表示動作的全過程,即完成時態(tài)用done表達,如:

I often notice them repair the car.

I noticed the car repaired.

如果把上述句子變成被動語態(tài),賓語補足語就變成主語補足語了。

7. 動詞-ing形式作狀語:動詞-ing形式作狀語時,要求其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語,句子的主語與動詞-ing形式邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系。如果主謂關(guān)系是主動的,用主動語態(tài);-ing動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生用一般式doing, 如果-ing動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,用完成式having done, 如:

Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

相當于When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.

Having finished their work, they had a rest. 相當于After they had finished their work, they had a rest.

如果主謂關(guān)系是被動的,用被動語態(tài);-ing動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生,用done;如果-ing動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,已完成的動作,用被動語態(tài)的完成式having been done, 如:

Having been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

相當于After our classroom had been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.

Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

相當于As he is well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.

注意:-ing形式做狀語時,如果-ing形式需要自己的邏輯主語,人稱代詞用主格,名詞用普通格,如:

Mother/She being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.

It being Sunday, the shops are crowded.

過去分詞由動詞+ ed構(gòu)成,起到形容詞和副詞的作用,在句中可作狀語、表語、定語和賓語補足語。過去分詞的性質(zhì)是被動,完成,但有時側(cè)重程度,有時側(cè)重被動,不及物動詞變成的過去分詞無被動的意義,過去分詞形式由動詞原形加詞尾-ed構(gòu)成,及部分不規(guī)則的詞如:done, played.

①側(cè)重程度:

boiling water 沸水 fallen leaves落葉

boiled water 涼開水 frozen chicken冷凍雞

②側(cè)重主、被動:

a broken glass, a dancing girl, a damaged house.

1. 過去分詞的作用:

(1)過去分詞作狀語:同動詞-ing形式作狀語一樣,過去分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語,如是被動關(guān)系,又與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生,或無一定時間對比,用過去分詞,如:

Seen from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (相當于The lake is seen)

相當于When the lake is seen from the top of the mountain it looks like a mirror.

Heated, water can turn into vapor.

相當于If it is heated, water can turn into vapor.

(2)過去分詞作表語:

We are interested in science.

(3)過去分詞作定語:過去分詞作定語,有時間要求,發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,即完成的動作,用done,而不用having been done.

The bridge built last year is 2 kilometers long.

People invited to the party are most scientists.

(4)過去分詞作賓補:

I noticed the car repaired.

2. 過去分詞與動詞-ing形式的區(qū)別:

(1)作表語和定語的區(qū)別:動詞-ing形式表示事物對人造成的影響,事物是主動的,常譯成令人……,使人……;過去分詞表示人對事物的看法產(chǎn)生的心理反應,人是被動的,常譯作:感到……如:

The news is surprising.

We are surprised at the news.

這類詞很多,如:inspiring, inspired, astonishing, astonished, tiring, tired,

moving, moved, disappointing, disappointed, worrying, worried, encouraging, encouraged, …….

(2)作賓補的區(qū)別:賓語與賓補邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系,主動用動詞-ing或不定式表達,被動用being done或done表達。

We found him standing outside the door.

He found the door locked.

(3)作狀語的區(qū)別:用作狀語的動詞,與句子的主語邏輯上有主謂關(guān)系、主動用-ing形式,被動用過去分詞。

The boy entered the room, followed by a dog.

相當于The boy entered the room and he was followed by a dog.

The boy entered the room, following his father.

相當于The boy entered the room and followed his father.

(4)-ing形式與ed分詞都可以作狀語,表示時間、條件、原因、伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步、程度,如:

Having brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better. (時間)

After she had brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better.

Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. (原因)

We had to finish the meeting early because we were disturbed by the noise.

Born a free man, he was now in chains. (讓步)

Though he was born a free man, he was now in chains.

(If) bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk. (條件)

鯥f you are bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.

The boy ran in, carrying a ball in his arm. (伴隨)

鯰he boy ran in and carried a ball in his arm.

He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces. (結(jié)果)

鯤e dropped the plate and broke it into pieces.

(5)-ing形式與ed分詞的否定式,由not+ -ing構(gòu)成:

Not knowing how to do it, I asked him for help.

高三英語復習課件 篇6

教學重點:引導學生先仔細觀察所給圖片,掌握故事的中心意思。然后 依次確定出描述每幅圖所需的中心詞,并由詞成句,由句成文。最后對文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)進行修改,實現(xiàn)用詞準確,行文流暢。

1.通過計算機展示上次作為作業(yè)的看圖書面表達材料。(幫助回 顧、加深印象)

2.將含有學生在作業(yè)中所犯典型錯誤的文章展示出來,作為改錯進 行練習。

1.學生兩人一組,討論文章的優(yōu)缺點,并對錯誤之處進行修改。

2. 請找到錯誤的學生現(xiàn)場指出并改正錯誤之處,其他學生一起評判 對錯:若改對了,教師可用鼠標單擊文中的那處錯誤,原本隱含的修改部分便會顯示出來;若沒改對,可接著請其他學生幫忙。(在進行此步驟時,學生無須根據(jù)文章的先后逐行挑錯,只要找到錯誤即可發(fā)言。)

3. 教師總結(jié)。首先,針對文中學生未找出或改對的錯誤,幫助學生一起改正。其次,對文中的錯誤之處進行分類(如:名詞復數(shù)、動詞時態(tài)、介詞等),引起學生的重視。

通過計算機展示給學生一篇新的看圖書面表達材料。要求學生仔細觀察所給圖片,掌握故事的中心意思。

1.學生兩人一組(必要時可變?yōu)樗娜艘唤M,增強協(xié)作性),針對每幅圖進行討論,并確定描述每幅圖的中心詞。

2. 按圖片的先后順序,分別要求幾組學生將他們的討論結(jié)果告訴大家,由大家一起來討論用詞是否恰當及如何改正。同時,教師將這些詞按圖片順序依次輸入計算機,展示給大家(也可通過實物投影儀展示)。

要求學生參考中心詞,寫出描述每幅圖的一兩個句子,輸入計算機(若通過實物投影儀展示,可寫在紙上)。

1.通過計算機,選取兩位學生所寫的第一幅圖的兩組句子,展示給大家(也可通過實物投影儀展示)。和其他學生一起對句中的語法錯誤進行修改。

2. 重復此步驟,展示其它幾幅圖的句子。

3. 從每幅圖的兩組句子中各挑選一組,將這些剛改正的無語法錯誤的句子,通過計算機組合成文,重新展示給學生。

要求學生先朗讀全文(由于此時的文章是由各自獨立的句子羅列而成,句子之間必然缺乏連貫性。學生只有通讀全文,才會發(fā)現(xiàn))。然后分組討論如何對篇章結(jié)構(gòu)進行修改,使文章更連貫。

1.通過計算機,請學生先對他們認為不連貫的地方進行修改,教師引導其他學生進行討論并給予必要的補充和修改,實現(xiàn)用詞準確、行文流暢。

2.展示范文并指出范文中的精彩之處。

總結(jié)寫此類看圖書面表達的思路:掌握全文中心--確定每幅圖的中心詞--由詞成句--由句成文--修改篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。

發(fā)給學生另一篇看圖書面表達材料,要求學生根據(jù)本課所學思路獨力完成。

II. Teaching Aim: According to the pictures of a story, teach the students how to write a story using the effective sentences.

III. Key Points: Teach the students how to get the key words of each picture and how to use effective sentences to complete a coherent composition.

VI. Teaching Procedure:

Present the composition with the typical mistakes made by the students to the class.

1.Let the students work in pairs to discuss the composition and try to find out as many mistakes as they can.

2.Ask some students to correct the mistakes in public. At the same time, present the right ones to the whole class.

3.Classify the typical mistakes.

Present the pictures of a story to the class. Give the students two minutes to look through the pictures and try to get the main idea of the story.

1.Let the students work in groups of four to get the key words of each picture orally.

2. Ask several students to report their answers to the rest of the class. Present these key words to the whole class.

According to the key words, ask the students to write down their own sentences about each picture.

1.Present two students’ sentences about Picture 1 to the class as models, and then correct their grammar mistakes with the whole class.

2.Present another two students’ sentences about Picture 2 to the class and correct the grammar mistakes too.

3.Repeat this step with the other pictures.

4.Choose either of the models from each picture to make up a passage. Present it to the class.

Step 7.Discussion Give the students a few minutes to discuss how to make these sentences more effective and how to make this passage more coherent.

rrect this passage with the whole class.

2.Present the model to the class.

3.Emphasize the way of writing this kind of composition.

Write another story as homework.

高三英語復習課件 篇7

英語閱讀中,有時作者并未把意圖說出來,而是要求閱讀者根據(jù)字面意思,通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系,研究細節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義,這就是判斷推理題。判斷推理題在閱讀測試中屬于難題。因此,考生應在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上,從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā),運用邏輯思維,哲學原理,并借助一定的常識進行分析,推理,判斷。

推理題經(jīng)常使用的提問方式有:

It can be inferred/ concluded that___________.

Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage?

In which of the following publication would this passage most likely be printed?

The passage implies, but doesn't directly state that___________.

The writer suggests that___________.

What's the author's attitude toward___________?

The writer probably feels that___________.

The author uses the examples of... to show that___________.

判斷推理是一種創(chuàng)造性的思維活動,但它并非無章可循。

推理判斷題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上,掌握文章的真正內(nèi)涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思,從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索,這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ);②要對文字的表面信息進行挖掘加工,由表入里,由淺入深,從具體到抽象,從特殊到一般,通過分析、綜合、判斷等,進行深層處理,符合邏輯地推理。不能就是論事,斷章取義,以偏概全。③要忠實于原文,以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)。立足已知,推斷未知。立足現(xiàn)在,預測未來。不能主觀臆想,憑空想象,隨意揣測,更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點;④要把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系,了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。要體會文章的基調(diào),揣摸作者的態(tài)度,摸準邏輯發(fā)展的方向,悟出作者的弦外之音。

要求考生根據(jù)語篇關(guān)系,推斷具體細節(jié),如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息,或者借助生活常識進行推理判斷。

A visitor visits an island where two tribes live. One tribe always tells the truth and the other always lies. The truth瞭ellers live on the western side of the island, and those who lie live on the eastern side. The visitor wants to determine whether the native beside him is a truth瞭eller or not by asking only one question. He asks the native,“Go and ask the native in the distance which side of the island he lives on.” When the messenger returns, he says, “He said he lives on the western side of the island.”

Is the messenger a truth瞭eller or not? How can the visitor be sure?

1. According to the messenger's answer, the visitor can conclude that_______________

A. The messenger lives on the western side of the island because he tells the truth.

B. the messenger lives on the eastern side of the island because his answer may be a lie.

C. it's hard to determine whether the messenger is a truth teller or not.

D. the messenger probably lives in the western side of the island because his answer may be true.

2. The native in the distance says he lives on the western side of the island. According to his answer, which conclusion of the following is wrong?

A. He may live on the eastern side of the island.

B. He may live on the western side of the island.

C. He may be telling the truth.

D. He can't be telling the truth.

【解析】 第1題是推測有關(guān)信使(近處的當?shù)厝耍┑那闆r的。我們知道,講真話的部落住在島的西部,撒謊的部落住在島的東部。這個信使去問遠方的當?shù)厝俗≡趰u的哪一邊(東部還是西部)。遠方的當?shù)厝酥荒苡袃煞N情況,要么住在島的西部,要么住在島的東部。如果他住在島的西部,他就是一個講真話的人,他就會如實回答他住在西部。如果他住在島的東部,他就是一個撒謊的人。他本來住在東部,但在回答時,必須要說謊,他只能回答他住在西部。所以遠方的當?shù)厝瞬还苁亲≡跂|部還是西部,他的回答只有一個:“我住在西部”。如果信使告訴參觀者遠方的當?shù)厝俗≡谖鞑?,信使無疑是說了真話,那么信使一定是住在島的西部。反之,如果信使告訴參觀者遠方的當?shù)厝俗≡跂|部,那么信使就說了假話,信使肯定住在東部。故此題答案是A。

第2題是推測遠方的當?shù)厝说那闆r的。從短文提供的信息來看,我們無法判定遠方的當?shù)厥亲≡趰u的東部還是島的西部,兩種情況都是可能存在的。此題要注意情態(tài)動詞的語氣。A.“他可能住在島的西部”;B.“他可能住在島的東部”;C.“他可能講了真話”。上述A、B、C三種情況都是可能的。D.“他不可能講真話”,語氣太絕對。推測錯誤。故答案為D。

要求考生根據(jù)已知結(jié)果推測導致結(jié)果的可能原因??忌獪蚀_掌握文章的內(nèi)涵,理解文章的真正含義。

When the young waitress near my house started saying hello to me every day, I was very happy. She was at least fifteen years younger than I. One day she signedme to come near. When I walked over, she asked,“Are you single?“ “Why, yes.” I answered, smiling at her happily.

“So is my mother.“ she said, “Would you like to meet her?”

1. The writer talked about the waitress' age because he thought___________.

A. she was young B. it a pleasure to make friends with her

C. she was beautiful D. it strange for her to fall in love withhim

2. The waitress said hello to the writer every day because___________.

A. she lived near his house B. he often went to visit her mother

C. she wanted to be friendly with him D. she loved him very much

【解析】 這是兩道推測原因的題目。女服務(wù)員每天向作者示好,作者產(chǎn)生誤解,以為女孩對他有意。考慮到他們年齡相差懸殊,作者認為女孩愛上他有點奇怪。故第1題答案是D。女孩問作者是否單身,并提到她母親也是單身,并邀請他與她母親見面,可見,女孩每天向他問好,目的是想取得他的好感,進而搓和他和她母親。第2題答案是C。

The entertainment profession or “show business“ attracts many young people. Unfortunately, only very few can hope to become famous and successful. Talent is not enough, because show business is as competitive as any other business .Without a good manager ,a performer can never hope to succeed .Fashion is important in this business, too. The best tailor in the world will never be a success if he makes old瞗ashioned clothes. In exactly the same way, a performer must changehis “act” in order to follow the taste of the moment. This is true for actors, dancers and comedians ,but perhaps most of all singers.

“Pop“ stands for “popular” and a pop singer has to work very hard to become popular .He must either give the public what they already want, or he must find a new way of singing that will attract their attention. Even when he has succeeded, and his records are sold everywhere, he can not relax. Then he must work harder than ever because there are always younger singers trying to become famous and to steal some of the popularity. The life of a successful pop singer is not at all easy. He can only relax when he is alone, because everything he does is watched and reported in the special newspaper written for the “fans“.The fans are the most important people in the world for the singers. They buy his records, they go to his concerts and they make him rich and famous. But they can be very annoying, too. Sometimes their enthusiasm get so hysterical that they do anything to get a“souvenir”(紀念品). They steal handkerchiefs, they tear off buttons, and they even cut off pieces of the unfortunate singer's hair. Many singers have been forced to hide. A pop singer has to spend a lot of money on clothes, because he must always look smart or at any rate different. He must have a luxurious car. And - most important - he must always keep smiling for the benefit of his public .

1. Why must a pop singer have a good manager?___________.

A. To protect him from his fans B. To look after his business interests

C. To help him to change his “act“ D .So that he can relax

2. Why must a pop singer work even harder when he has become famous?___________

A. Because he wants to attract the attention of the public

B. Because he wants to sell more records

C. Because he wants to become popular

D. Because he wants to stay popular

【解析】 1. 答案為B。因果推斷題。根據(jù)Talent is not enough, because show business is as competitive as any other business. Without a good manager, a performer can never hope to succeed .我們可以知道,正因為這個行業(yè)競爭激烈,所以表演者需要一個好的經(jīng)紀人。幫助演員策劃和安排商業(yè)表演活動,協(xié)助他的演藝事業(yè)的發(fā)展。故B項正確。

2. 答案為D。因果推斷題。Then he must work harder than ever because there are always younger singers trying to become famous and to steal some of the popularity. 一個成名演員要更加努力地工作,直接原因文中已有論述,即,表演行業(yè)是個競爭十分激烈的行業(yè),新人不斷涌現(xiàn),對成名演員造成很大的壓力。那么間接原因是什么?通過前面的分析我們可以推斷出成名演員更加買力地工作,是因為他要保持他的名氣,延長他的藝術(shù)生命。

Once Napoleon stayed in a small inn. The next morning, he went to thank the ﹊nnkeeper.ァ癥ou, have served me well, innkeeper, ” said Napoleon. “I wish to reward you. Tell me what you want.“

“Sir, we want nothing, ” said the innkeeper.“But will you tell us something?“ァ癢hat is it?” Napoleon asked.

“We have heard a story.“ said the innkeeper, “that once during the war, a small village was taken by the Russians. You happened to be in the village. You hid while they looked for you. Will you tell us how you felt when they were looking for you?” Napoleon looked very angry. He called in two of his soldiers. Then he pointed to the door. The soldiers took the innkeeper and his wife out into the yard.

At the end of the yard was a wall. The innkeeper and his wife were led to the wall. The soldiers tied the hands of the innkeeper and his wife. Napoleon watched, saying nothing.

“Please, sir.“ begged the innkeeper, “Don't kill us! we meant nothing!” The soldiers moved back. The innkeeper saw them raising their guns. Then Napoleon called: “Ready! Aim!“ The wife screamed. “Stop!” said Napoleon. He went to the innkeeper, “Now, you know the answer to the question you asked me just now, don't you?“

1. Why did the innkeeper ask Napoleon to tell him how Napoleon felt when he was being looked for?

A. He wanted to know the difference between a general and an ordinary people.

B. He looked down upon Napoleon, for he thought a great man shouldn't be defeated.

C. He showed his玸ympathy(同情) to Napoleon in time of danger.

D. He was interested in other's failure, especially Napoleon's.

2. Why did Napoleon ordered his men to tie the couple?

A. Because he wanted to teach the innkeeper a good lesson for bothering him.

B. Because he wanted to kill the couple to get rid of his anger.

C. Because he wanted to show that he was so admiring a general that nobody could upset him.

D. Because he wanted to made the innkeeper know that a general like him had the same feeling as the ordinary people in face of danger.

【解析】 1. 此題為因果推斷題。根據(jù)“Sir, we want nothing, ” said the innkeeper.“But will you tell us something?“ 可以看出來,這個店老板問拿破侖這個問題是出于好奇。他想知道作為將軍的拿破侖與普通人到底有什么區(qū)別。故答案為A。

2. 因果推斷題。從最后一句話“Now, you know the answer to the question you asked me just now, don't you?” 可以看出拿破侖并不想殺這個店老板,他這樣做的目的是想讓他體驗一下他當時的感受。故可推出面對危險像拿破侖這樣的將軍與普通人沒有什么兩樣。故答案為D。

高考閱讀測試中有些是考查考生對作者的主導思想、被描寫人物語氣、言談話語中流露的情緒、性格傾向和作者或文中人物態(tài)度、觀點等方面的理解題。做這一類題時一定要注意:

1)由表及里的準確把握字里行間的意思,切勿用自己的主觀想法或觀點代替作者的思想觀點。

2)特別注意那些描寫環(huán)境氣氛的語言,以及表達感情、態(tài)度觀點的詞語。要特別注意作者在文章中的措詞,尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞。

3)能結(jié)合自己平時積累的有關(guān)英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)、風俗習慣等背景知識來識別評價。

A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was correct that he had just celebrated his 99th birthday, “That's right,“ said the old man. “Ninety-nine years old, and I haven't an enemy in the world. They 're all dead.”

“Well sir,“ said the interviewer, “I hope very much to have the honor of interviewing you on your hundredth birthday.”

The old man looks at the young man closely, and said, “I can't see why you shouldn't. You look fit and healthy to me!“

1. What kind of man would you say the old man was?

A. He was silly. B. He was unpleasant.

C. He was very proud and sure of his health.

D. He was very impolite to young people.

【解析】 記者希望在老人100歲生日時能再訪老人,希望他能活到100歲。而老人故意歧解記者的話(我看不出你明年為什么不能采訪我?你好像還很健康呀?。┍憩F(xiàn)了老人對自己健康狀態(tài)的自信。答案為C。

Three men were discussing how to玠onate(捐獻) money to God. At first they couldn't agree with each other, then they each told his own idea.

The first man said: “Let's draw a small circle on the ground and throw coins to the ground. The money out of the circle belongs to God.”

The second man added, “We will donate the coins inside the circle to God because God is in our hearts.“

The third man said: “Your ideas are not bad, but I have a better idea than yours. Let's throw coins into the sky. The coins that God accepts belong to him. So God can accept as much money as he can.”

At last, they agreed to the last idea, and they began to throw coins to the sky happily.

1. According to the passage, we can draw a conclusion:

A. All the three men were kind瞙earted.

B. The third man is more generous(大方)than the other two.

C. None of them believed in God.

D. Three men are all stingy(吝嗇) people.

【解析】 從三人提的建議看,他們?nèi)硕疾粯芬饨o上帝捐錢,三人都是吝嗇的人,故選D。

有些內(nèi)容文章中沒有明確說明,要求考生根據(jù)語篇,對事件可能的結(jié)局或下段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進行預測推理。做這類題時應把握作者的寫作思路(如文章可能按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過描寫,也可能按因果關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系來敘述),從而作出比較科學的、合情合理的預測。

We are in the computer age. We often see computers at work. They are especially useful in automatic control, date processing(數(shù)據(jù)處理) and solving complicated problems. And they are finding their way into the home. The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day.More and cleverer computers will continue to appear. They will run faster, have more functions and work more skillfully. They will take over more tasks from us, helping to change the face of our world. Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us.

However…

1. Which of the following statements is most likely to be talked about inthe third paragraph?

A. Computers will soon stop developing.

B. Computers are as clever as man.

C. Many people like computers very much.

D.I don't think computers will replace us completely.

【解析】 本文采用了對比關(guān)系來描寫。前面描寫了計算機的優(yōu)勢,但作者用 however 一詞預示將引出相反的觀點,答案為D。

There was ice on the road, and the doctor's car hit a tree and turned over three times. To his surprise, he was not hurt .He got out of the car and walkedto the nearest house, he wanted to telephone the玤arage(汽車修理廠) for help. The door was opened by one of his patients.

“Oh, Doctor.“ she said, “I have only just telephoned you. You must have a very fast car. You have got here very quickly indeed. There has been a very bad accident in the road outside. I saw it through the window. I am sure the driver will need your help”.

1. Which of the following is the most likely reply the doctor gave the woman patient at the end of the story?

A. “Yes, he does need help - your help, not mine.“

B. “Another accident? I've just had an accident myself?”

C. “I got your call and rushed over. I hope I'm not too late.“

D. “I didn't get your call. But I'm here and hope I can help”.

【解析】 出事故的車恰恰是醫(yī)生的車,當他聽他的病人說出事司機需要幫助時,他會不失幽默地說:“是的,他需要幫助,是你的幫助,而不是我的幫助”。--他要借用病人家的電話給修車廠打電話。答案是A。

此題型要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述,推測作者的寫作意圖及運用某種寫作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖,而是通過文章所提供的事實和形象,客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或意見。這種題型要求同學們不但能理解文章的內(nèi)容,同時還要具備對作者闡述問題的寫作方法進行歸納總結(jié)和分析的能力。

Imagine that the genome(基因組) is a book. The book consists of 23 chapters with thousands of stories made up of paragraphs, words and letters on different levels. There are one billion words in the book, which makes it longer than 5,000 volumes the size of this book, or as long as 800 Bibles. If I read the genome out to you at the rate of one word per second for eight hours a day, it would take me a century. If I wrote out the human genome, one letter per millimeter, my text would be as long as the River Danube.

1. The real purpose of the author's comparison of the genome to a book is___________.

A. to focus on the differences between the two

B. to lay emphasis on the similarities between the two

C. to simplify the concept of the human genome

D. to give an exact description of the human genome

【解析】 “基因組”是一個非常抽象難懂的科學術(shù)語。作者在這里把“基因組”比作一本書,使一般讀者能通俗形象地了解“基因組”的概念。故答案為C。

Beldon and Canfield are two seashore towns, not far apart. Both towns have many hotels, and in summer the hotels are full of holiday瞞akers and othertourists(觀光者).

Last August there was a fire at the Seabreeze Hotel in Beldon. The next day, this news appeared on page two of the town's newspaper. The Beldon Post: FIRE AT SEABREEZE

Late last night firemen hurried to the Seabreeze Hotel and quickly put out a small fire in a bedroom. The hotel manager said that a cigarette started the fire. We say again to all our visitors: “Please don't smoke cigarettes in bed.“ This was Beldon's first hotel fire for five years.

The Canfield Times gave the news in these words on page one:

ANOTHER BELDON HOTEL CATCHES FIRE

Last night Beldon firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the Seabreeze Hotel. An angry holiday瞞aker said, “An electric lamp probably started the fire. The bedroom lamps are very old at some of these hotels. When I put my bedside light on, I heard a funny noise from the lamp.

” We are glad to tell our readers that this sort of adventure does not happen in Canfield.

What are the facts, then? It is never easy to find out the exact truth about an accident. There was a fire at the Seabreeze Hotel last August: that is one fact. Do we know anything else? Yes, we know that firemen went to the hotel.

Now what do you think of the rest of the “news“ ?

1. The Canfield Times used the 玥eadline(標題)like this in order to make its readers think ___________.

A. hotels in Beldon often catch fire

B. hotels in Beldon don't often catch fire

C. this was the second fire at the Seabreeze Hotel

D. Beldon was a good place except that hotels there are not quite safe

【解析】 答案為 A。作者意圖推斷題。本文通過兩個對手城市的報紙對同一件火災事故的不同報道,對新聞報道的真實性提出了懷疑。ANOTHER BELDON HOTEL CATCHES FIRE中ANOTHER是個關(guān)鍵詞,暗示了Beldon的賓館火災頻繁。

高三英語復習課件 篇8

總述: 謂語動詞的變化形式取決于時態(tài)和語態(tài): 英語的時態(tài)有十六種, 中學英語中有十二種常見的時態(tài); 語態(tài)有兩種, 即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)

1.在主動語態(tài)中, 各種時態(tài)的謂語動詞的一般形式如下:

現(xiàn)在 do / does am / is / are doing have / has done have / has been doing

過去 did was / were doing had done had been doing

將來 shall / will do shall / will be doing shall / will have done X

如果謂語是be動詞, 則可用be動詞的適當形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑體字部分. 此外, 過去將來時的形式是: should / would do或should / would be

2.在被動語態(tài)中, 各種時態(tài)的謂語動詞的一般形式如下:

現(xiàn)在 am / is / are done am / is / are being done have / has been done X

過去 was / were done was / were being done had been done X

將來 shall / will be done X shall / will have been done X

另外, 過去將來時的被動語態(tài)形式是should / would be done

一.一般現(xiàn)在時:

1.構(gòu)成: 通常以動詞原形表示. 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時, 則用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式來表示

2.用法:

a. It is fine today.

b. I am a student.

c. I get up at six every day.

d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.

a. Japan is to the east of China.

b. The sun rises in the east.

c. A horse is a useful animal.

③.表示將來確定會發(fā)生的動作(如己安排好或計劃好的動作或按時刻表將來一定會發(fā)生的動作), 可以這樣使用的動詞有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等

a. My train leaves at 6:30.

b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.

a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.

b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.

c. I will be away when he arrives.

d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.

e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.

f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.

⑤.在某些以here / there開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時動詞表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作

a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.

b. There goes the bell.

⑥.在體育比賽過程中, 解說員敘述迅速, 短暫動作時, 可用一般現(xiàn)在時, 表示正在進行的或剛剛發(fā)生的動作

a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !

a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.

①.表示說話時正在進行著的動作, 或現(xiàn)階段正在進行而說話時不一定正在進行的動作

a. I am writing a letter.

b. My mother is making a dress these few days.

②.表示即將發(fā)生的動作(如在最近按計劃或安排好要進行的動作), 常見的有這種用法的動詞有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常與表示將來時間的狀語連用

a. They are going to Shanghai on Friday.

b. John is coming here next week.

③.現(xiàn)在進行時動詞與always, continually, constantly等連用, 表示反復出現(xiàn)的或習慣性的動作

a. The little boy is always asking questions.

b. You are always saying that sort of thing.

④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般現(xiàn)在時動詞表述現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事實, 后一句用現(xiàn)在進行時動詞來闡述這一事實的原因, 結(jié)果, 目的等

a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皺著眉頭, 因為他在為他的孩子擔心. (is worrying表示原因)

b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批評他, 想糾正他的壞習慣. (is trying表示目的)

c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他慣壞了. ( is spoiling表示結(jié)果)

⑤.不表示持續(xù)的行為, 而表示知覺, 感覺, 看法, 認識, 感情, 愿望或某種狀態(tài)的動詞通常不用現(xiàn)在進行時, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, own, have, be, seem等

a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )

b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)

c. The concert has started. ( =The concert started and is now going on. )

d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )

②.表示開始于過去, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還會繼續(xù)進行下去)的動作或狀態(tài), 用于延續(xù)性動詞, 且句中常帶有表示段時間的時間狀語

a. I have studied English since 1987.

b. He has lived here for two years.

c. He has been ill for ten days.

3.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:

①.現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時所表示的動作都發(fā)生在過去, 但前者將過去的動作與現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響聯(lián)系起來, 而后者只限于表示過去的動作本身, 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)

②.現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表明確時間的狀語如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等連用, 但可與表示不明確時間的狀語如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等連用, 也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語如: this morning, today, this week, this year等連用

a. She has already come.

b. I have met him before.

c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.

d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?

e. I have seen him this morning.

四.現(xiàn)在完成進行時:

①.它具有現(xiàn)在完成時的特點, 即表示動作發(fā)生在過去, 延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響

②.它具有現(xiàn)在進行時的特點, 即可以表示此動作仍在進行或還會繼續(xù)

a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今為止教過二十年英語, 至于teach是否結(jié)束或是否延續(xù), 不得而知)

b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 現(xiàn)在仍在教英語,而且將持續(xù)下去)

3.用法:

①.表示現(xiàn)在之前的一段時間里一直進行的動作, 此動可能仍在進行, 也可能剛剛停止

a. I have been reading the book all the morning.

b. He has been staying here for two hours.

c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.

a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.

4.現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別: 前者著重表示過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果; 后者著重表示過去動作的持續(xù)進行

a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己經(jīng)寫了六封信 (強調(diào)結(jié)果)

b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在寫信 (強調(diào)“一直在寫”)

c. I have read this book.我讀過這本書了(強調(diào)“讀過”這一結(jié)果)

d. I have been reading this book.我一直在讀這本書 (強調(diào)“一直在讀”)

2.用法:

①.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或情況, 其中包括習慣性動作

a. I met him yesterday.

b. I used to go to school early every morning.

c. He entered the classroom, sat down at his desk and began to work.

d. Last night, I listened to the radio for two hours and went to bed at midnight.

a. Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home.

③.用一般過去時的句子一般有過去的時間狀語, 有時也用地點狀語暗示動作的發(fā)生是在過去

a. Have you seen a pen ? I left it here this morning.

a. This time yesterday we were having an important meeting.

b. A year ago we were living in Shanghai.

②.過去進行時常與always, continually, frequently等詞連用, 表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復發(fā)生的情況

a. The old man was always losing his way.

b. The two brothers were frequently quarrelling.

③.表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作, 這一用法僅限于一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞, 如: go, come, start, stay, leave等

④.過去進行時經(jīng)常與一般過去時配合使用, 過去進行時表示過去的時間背景

a. The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.

2.用法:

①.表示過去某時間或動作以前己經(jīng)完成的動作或己存在的狀態(tài), 即“過去的過去”

a. When all his money had gone, Marx had to leave his house in London.

b. Marx had learned some English before he got to England.

c. He said he had never been to Shanghai.

d. By the middle of last month I had lived in Beijing for five years.

②.在帶有after / before引導的時間狀語的句子中, 由于after / before本身的詞義己經(jīng)表明了時間的先后, 所以這類句子中常用一般過去時代替過去完成時

a. We left the house before it began to rain.

b. I didn’t wait long before he came.

c. After we finished the tea, we all sat on the grass.

d. After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.

八.過去完成進行時:

2.用法: 表示一直持續(xù)進行到過去某一時刻的動作, 該動作可能剛剛結(jié)束, 也可能還在進行

a. I had been waiting for two hours before the manager came down to see me.

b. By the end of he had been learning English for five years.

1.shall / will do (shall用于第一人稱), 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示單純的將來, 不涉及主語的主觀意愿

a. I shall be twenty years old next year.

b. You will meet him at the station this afternoon.

c. The train will arrive soon.

2.be going to do sth, 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算最近或?qū)硪瞿呈? 或說話人根據(jù)己有跡象認為非??赡芗磳l(fā)生的事

a. I am going to meet Tom at the station at six.

b. He is going to stay here for a week.

c. Look at these black clouds --- it is going to rain.

d. I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.

3.be +動詞不定式, 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示職責, 義務(wù), 意圖, 約定, 可能性等

a. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

b. There is to be a sports meet next week.

c. We are to meet at the school gate.

4.be about to do sth, 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示“立刻, 馬上”要做某事或發(fā)生某情況

a. We are about to leave.

b. Autumn harvest is about to start.

a. This time tomorrow we will be talking with the boss about this matter.

b. I will be studying in this university for the next four years.

a. I will be seeing him next month.

b. We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.

c. He will be arriving at six tomorrow morning.

十一.將來完成時:

2.用法: 表示在將來的某一時刻之前將要完成的動作, 這一動作也可能繼續(xù)進行

a. By seven o’clock this afternoon we shall have arrived in Shanghai if the train keeps good line.

b. Before noon we will have completed this work.

十二.過去將來時:

a. He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.

b. He told me that I should succeed.

a. They were going to have a meeting.

b. The students were going to plant some trees around the playground.

a. We were to finish the work in three days.

b. I was about to go out when a friend dropped in.

2.用法: 過去將來時表示相對過去某一時刻來說將要發(fā)生的動作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài), 以上各形式的具體用法與一般將來時各形式的用法相似

a. The work must be done right now.

b. That prisoner may be sentenced to death.

a. His bike has been stolen.

b. This window was broken last night.

a. China was liberated in 1949.

b. I was told you were late this morning.

a. The plan has already been made.

b. Yao Ming was elected MVP of the last week.

三.主動句變被動句:

a. The manager gave me ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.

→I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.

2.帶有賓語從句的主動句變被動句時, 賓語從句變成主語從句, 通常不位于句首, 句首用形式主語it

a. We can learn from the text that delicious apples are big.

→It can be learned from the text that delicious apples are big.

3.帶有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時, 將直接賓語或間接賓語變成被動句的主語都可

a. My brother gave me a birthday present.

→I was given a birthday present. / A birthday present was given to me.

4.帶有復合賓語 (即賓語+賓補) 的主動句變被動句時, 賓補的形式一般不變, 只是名稱變成了主補, 但當賓補是不帶to的不定式時, 要變成帶to的不定式

a. I saw him play near the river. He was seen to play near the river.

5.含有短語動詞的主動句變成被動句時, 不要遺漏短語動詞中的介詞或副詞

a. The children must be taken good care of. / Good care must be taken of the children.

四.應注意的問題:

a. The children were excited at the news.

b. We are interested in the English novel.

c. The mother was worried about her son’s absence.

b. This kind of cloth washed very well.這種布很耐洗

c. This pen writes quite smoothly.這支筆很好使

d. This dish tastes good.這道菜味道不錯

e. This kind of cloth feels smooth and soft.這料子摸起光滑柔軟

3.不是所有的及物動詞都有被動語態(tài), 某些表示狀態(tài)或關(guān)系的動詞或短語動詞只有主動語態(tài), 而無相對應的被動語態(tài). 常見的這類動詞有: cost花費, fit適合, have有, hold容納, lack缺乏, own擁有, suit適合, fail失敗, belong to屬于, agree with同意

高三英語復習課件 篇9

單項選擇題是考查學生對句子的層次,對語法規(guī)則、詞匯等掌握的情況,通過設(shè)定語境,詞語或某些成分的位置變化等將考查知識與能力結(jié)合起來,突出語言的交際性、靈活性,實現(xiàn)知識與能力相結(jié)合的目標。有些題看起來似乎很難,很復雜,但只要學會掌握正確的分析問題的方法,那么,一切難題都是可以解答的。下面就一些題型的解題思路與技巧作一些歸納。

例.1. There are two small rooms in the house, ______is served as a kitchen .

A. the smaller of them B. the smaller of which

C. the smaller one D. the small one

2. ______ is well known, _____ Taiwan is part of China .

A. It; that B. It; which C. As; / D. As; that

例. --- Is Mrs White in the office ?

--- Yes, _____ she is on duty, she must be there today .

A. since B. until C. if D. while

例. I went to Beijing last week; ______ I met an old friend of mine .

A. there B. which C. where D. that

例. _____ some of this juice--- perhaps you’ll like it .

A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried

例. ______ several times, but he still does not know how to do it properly .

C. Having been shown D. I have shown him

例. 1. _____, we all went out for a picnic .

A. Being a fine day B. As being a fine day

C. It was a fine day D. It being a fine day

例. ____ can anyone be sure ______ look like in a million years ?

A. What; man will B. What; will man

C. That; man will D. That; will man

例. 1. Yu Gong talked of the difficulty he _____ the mountains in front of his house .

2. In my opinion, it is the best use _____ could be ______ this money .

C. which; made from D. that; made of

例. It was in the lab ____ was taken charge of by Drof. Havries ____ they did the experiment .

例. She looks forward every night to _____ American to study .

例. ____ we had been looking forward to .

A. After Kate stands the new teacher

B. Before Rose the new teacher stood

例. It was said ____ was ____ the Chinese raised silkworms .

A. that that; what B. what that; how

C. that that; how D. that what; that

1.判斷動作的執(zhí)行者:

例.1. --- Do you have any letters _____ , sir ?

--- Thank you . I have had them _____ .

A. typed; typed B. typing; typing

C. to type; type D. to be typed; typed

2.--- Do you have many exercises ______ tonight, Tom ?

--- Yes . Our teachers give us lots of exercises every day .

2. 從問答中找信息:

例. 1.--- Didn’t you pass the exam ?

--- _____, or I couldn’t _____ by my parents .

A. No, I did; be scolded B. No, I didn’t; have been scolded

C. Yes, I do; have scolded D. Yes, I did; have been scolded

2.--- Can I have _____ orange, Mum ?

--- Oh. Your sister has had it .

A. another B. an C. one more D. the other

3. 從謂語動詞的時態(tài)來判斷:

例. 1. The students feel happy that the building _____ is for the teachers, though there is much noise .

2. He must ____ a shower, for I can hear the water ______ .

C. have; running D. be having; running

3. The price _____, but I doubt whether it will remain so .

C. has gone down D. was going down

4. 從句中的時間狀語來判斷:

例. 1. The house _____ are for the teachers and construction work will begin soon .

A. built B. to be built C. to build D. being built

2. The teachers have moved into the new houses ______ last term .

A. built B. to be built C. being built D. having been built

3. The houses ______ now near the school are for our teachers .

A. are being built B. being built

根據(jù)某些語法規(guī)則及對話體, 句中的某些成分是可以省略的。而出題的人往往采用省略。

例. 1. People shake hands and say “ How do you do ?” when ______ to each other .

A. being introduced B. introducing

2. When _____ some questions about the accident, the manager of the coal mine kept silent .

A. ask B. being asked C. asked D. asking

例. If _____, the material will give ______ an unpleasant smell .

例. 1. An apple is _____, if not better than , an orange .

2. Of course they were later than ______; but _____ they were in time to start the game .

A. expected; at all B. expecting; in all

C. we expected; after all D. expected; after all

例. This is the first film ______ I have seen in my life .

A. which B. where C. what D. /

例--Mum, why do you always ask me to drink a glass of milk every day?

-----------______enough protein and nutrition as you______

A . Get, grow up B. Getting, grow up

C. To get, are growing up D. To be getting, are growing up

例1.-----What do you think makes Jane so sad?

--------______ the news that her father died yesterday.

A. Because she heard B. She heard C. Hearing D . Heard

2.We should do all ____ we can ______ the poor children in the western area

A. what .help B. that , to help C. what, to help D. that, help

例.With lots of trees and flowers _____ here and there, our school looks very beautiful.

A. having planted B. planted C. having been planted D. to be planted

例.______ the yard ,I found it_____ with lots of ______ leaves.

A. Entering, covering, falling B. Entering, covered, fallen

C. Entering , covering ,fallen D. Having entered, covered, falling

例.___________,it wasn’t a dad holiday.

A. Considering everything B. Considered everything

C . Considering anything D. Considered anything

弄清楚句中的動詞是及物還是不及物動詞是決定主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵,是選非謂語動詞形式的關(guān)鍵。

例.Without the teacher_______ us, none of us tried our best in the running

A. times B. timing C. timed D. time

例.1. The old scientist often has his light ______ all night long

A. burn B. burned C. burning D. to be burned__

2.The boy lay on the ground, with his eyes_______ straight upward, and his teeth_________

A. looking, setting B. looked ,set C. looking, set D. looked, setting

例.1.Never_______ faith in himself, the scientist went on with his research

A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. to be lost

2. _______ in thought , Einstein knocked into the tree

A. Lost B. To lose C. Losing D. To be lost

例. _______ great help, I could get rid of all the difficulty and succeeded

A. Offered B. Having offered C. Being supplied D. Having supplied

例.The Yellow river, ______ “the mother river”, runs across like a huge dragon

A. calling B. called C. being called D. to be called

與省略相反,編者按語法規(guī)則增加一些成分或變換句子的語序等使原來的句子的結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化,使之復雜化

例.Is this hotel_____ you said we could stay in your letter?

A. the one B. which C. where D. that

2. Who has the manager_______ the machine?

A. repaired B. have repaired C. had repaired d. to repair

例.It was with great courage________ the boy told the truth_______

A. which, that B. when, that C. as, that D. that, that

例.The scientist has developed a new kind of plant, _____ of great value to farming.

A. which he thinks is B. which he thinks it is

C. which he thinks it D. he thinks which is

例.The young man, who was caught______ the lady’s purse in the shop, was taken to the police station.

A. steal B. to steal C. stealing D. stole

例.1. They are talking about the difficulty the kind old man_______ a hope school for the children.

A. has set up B. has to set up C. setting up D. has setting up

2. Hearing the news, he rushed out, ____ the book____ on the table and disappeared.

A. left, lain upon B. leaving, lying upon C. leaving, lie upon D. left, lay opened

例.Salesmen are so smart that customers can’t help_____ to buy something they don’t really need.

A. to be persuaded B. persuading C. being persuade D. be persuaded

例.The old scientist is considered______ the mobile phone.

A. inventing B. to invent C. to have invented D. having invented

例.1. She left a child,______ home as an old woman.

A. and returned B. returning C. to return D. returned

2. It was a matter of _____ would take the position

A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever

高三英語復習課件 篇10

英語寫作是高考考試要點,下面讓我們來看看英語寫作基礎(chǔ)知識點之句子的知識點歸納!

☆定語和狀語(時間、地點等)都屬于附加成分,在基本句型中一般都不列出。

☆時態(tài)包含于句子中,任何句子都有時態(tài)。

It will rain tomorrow.

He often runs in the morning.

They cried.

Tom exercises every day.

I miss my mother very much.

She wants to go home now.

The English club is going to hold an English party.

They all love her.

The music sounds wonderful.

The leaves have turned red.

She is a student.

We keep silent about that.

主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物):S+V+IO+DO

The teacher gave a book to him.=The teacher gave him a book.

They told me an interesting story.

The waitress offered me a bottle of wine.

My father will buy me a bike.=My father will buy a bike for me.

Miss Smith teaches us English.

主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+賓語補足語: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? S+V+O+C

They call me Xiao Wang.

I saw him swimming in the river.

We elected him monitor of the class.

1.In other words,we are the master of our own ? ?future.

2.This morning our teacher told us something ? ? ? about the Hope Project in class.

3.A blind man was walking slowly and carefully ? ?with a stick in his hand.

4.Should we sacrifice our children’s future for ? ? our own interests?

5.Friends made my life full of excitement, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? imagination and romance.

6. The sun sets in the west.

7. My dictionary is in the bookcase.

8. Rainy days make me sad.

9. Tom often hears his sister singing in the next ? ? ? room.

10. She has not received a letter from her boyfriend for a long time.

11. The woman showed her husband a picture.

12. The student offered a seat to the old man.

13. Mr. Green taught us how to use the Internet.

14. Going to bed early and getting up early is a ? ? ? good habit.

15. He is becoming stronger and stronger.

16. He gave up smoking at last.

17. The plane takes off at 8:30 a.m.

18. All of them laughed.

19. Everybody likes Andy Lau.

喜歡《高三英語復習課件(合集10篇)》一文嗎?“幼兒教師教育網(wǎng)”希望帶您更加了解幼師資料,同時,yjs21.com編輯還為您精選準備了高三英語復習課件專題,希望您能喜歡!

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