教案課件是教師上課不可或缺的重要工具,準(zhǔn)備教案課件是教學(xué)工作中必不可少的一環(huán)。教師們在備課的過程中,應(yīng)當(dāng)不斷總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),加強(qiáng)教案的制度建設(shè),提升教學(xué)質(zhì)量。今天幼兒教師教育網(wǎng)的編輯為大家分享的是一篇關(guān)于“八年級英語上冊課件”的文章,請大家收藏好,以便后續(xù)閱讀。
一、 Analysis of the text教材分析
1、 Teaching教學(xué)內(nèi)容:Talk about personal traits and how to compare people談?wù)撊宋锏膫€(gè)性特征及如何對比人物
2、Statue of the Text教材的地位和作用
從教材的整合來說,本部分既有形容詞用法的延續(xù),又為后面形容詞級的學(xué)習(xí)打下基礎(chǔ),具有承上啟下的作用;從本單元來說,它既是本單元的基本語言知識(shí),又為本單元知識(shí)的擴(kuò)展和綜合語言的運(yùn)用奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。因此,上好這一課,既可以讓知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)具有一定的延續(xù)性,又為后面的教學(xué)做好鋪墊。
3、Teaching goals教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1)Language goal知識(shí)目標(biāo)讓學(xué)生掌握本課的詞匯運(yùn)用。
2)Ability goal能力目標(biāo)讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)用英語與他人談?wù)撊说膫€(gè)性特征和使用形容詞進(jìn)行比較的話題,以及進(jìn)一步提高學(xué)生的英語語言表達(dá)能力;
3)Emotional goal情感目標(biāo)激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,體驗(yàn)英語語言的美,體驗(yàn)知識(shí)間的相互聯(lián)系。讓學(xué)生充滿自信,體驗(yàn)成就感和合作精神。而且通過學(xué)習(xí)比較級使學(xué)生懂得在學(xué)習(xí)和生活中應(yīng)相互理解、相互幫助、相互學(xué)習(xí)。
4、 Important points重點(diǎn):掌握形容詞比較級的變化規(guī)則及句型
5、Difficult points難點(diǎn):使用比較級自如表達(dá)
二、Teaching Methods教學(xué)方法:
根據(jù)英語“課標(biāo)”的要求,課程要從學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣、生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和認(rèn)知水平出發(fā),發(fā)展學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,提高跨文化意識(shí)和形成自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。因此,我將在教學(xué)中采用多媒體輔助教學(xué)、任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式,結(jié)合聽說法、競賽法以循序漸進(jìn)的方式來進(jìn)行教學(xué)。
采用聽說法和多媒體輔助教學(xué)來導(dǎo)入和呈現(xiàn)本節(jié)的基本詞匯和句型,目的在于用師生互動(dòng)的方式,共同觀察圖片,激活學(xué)生對所學(xué)知識(shí)的興趣,使學(xué)生對新知識(shí)的識(shí)記經(jīng)過一個(gè)由形象思維到抽象思維的轉(zhuǎn)化過程,因此記憶效果更好。
采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式,在活動(dòng)中以競賽法來突出重點(diǎn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,這樣不僅激活學(xué)生的主體意識(shí),而且激活了英語語言,使學(xué)生的自信感逐步增強(qiáng),從而體驗(yàn)到成功的喜悅。
三、Learning Methods學(xué)法:
教法的選擇固然重要,但學(xué)法也是必不可少的,我們都知道,學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)過程并不是孤立于課堂教學(xué)之中,應(yīng)遵循學(xué)生的身心發(fā)展規(guī)律和學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律,教師在教學(xué)的過程中要倡導(dǎo)學(xué)生體驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐、參與、合作與交流的學(xué)習(xí)方式。瑞士心理學(xué)家讓?皮亞杰的“建構(gòu)主義理論”指出:學(xué)習(xí)是獲取知識(shí)的過程,但知識(shí)不是通過教師傳授得到的,而是學(xué)習(xí)者在一定的情景下,借助他人(包括教師和學(xué)習(xí)伙伴)的幫助,利用必要的學(xué)習(xí)資料,通過建構(gòu)的方式而獲得的。結(jié)合我校的學(xué)情,在本節(jié)教學(xué)中我主要采用歸納法和小組合作學(xué)習(xí)的方法。使用歸納法讓學(xué)生歸納總結(jié)形容詞比較級的變化規(guī)則;使用小組合作學(xué)習(xí)的方法,讓學(xué)生參與競賽和故事表演,使學(xué)生用心去體驗(yàn)集體的力量,去感悟合作的魅力,在活動(dòng)中體驗(yàn)合作成功的快樂。
四、Teaching Steps教學(xué)程序:
Activity I活動(dòng)一:Leading in激趣導(dǎo)入
在本活動(dòng)中通過聽說法配合多媒體輔助教學(xué)導(dǎo)入新課,用多媒體顯示圖畫,讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)并掌握本課所要學(xué)的基本詞匯。利用兩個(gè)人物之間的不同,引出比較級的句子。讓學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)比較級的基本句型。本環(huán)節(jié)以學(xué)生原有的知識(shí)為切入點(diǎn),對比兩者之間的不同,不知不覺地將學(xué)生引入新課,達(dá)到潤物無聲之效果。
Activity II活動(dòng)二:Warming up單詞熱身練習(xí)
要想讓學(xué)生正確地使用比較級,首先應(yīng)掌握形容詞比較級的變化規(guī)則。因此,我給出一系列形容詞及其比較級形式,讓學(xué)生通過仔細(xì)觀察并得出形容詞比較級的變化規(guī)則,然后朗讀記憶。在這一環(huán)節(jié),我使用了教學(xué)的歸納法,意在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主探究能力、觀察能力和歸納能力。
Activity III活動(dòng)三:Comparing句子熱身練習(xí)
在學(xué)生掌握了比較級的變化規(guī)則后,便可以開始進(jìn)行句子的熱身練習(xí)。要求學(xué)生倆人一組用比較級來表達(dá)自己與同伴之間的差異,正確地認(rèn)識(shí)自我。此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)從貼近學(xué)生的`學(xué)習(xí)、生活入手,記憶深刻,使學(xué)生很容易掌握重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),準(zhǔn)確描述人物的個(gè)性特征。
Activity IV活動(dòng)四:A guessing game“猜謎”游戲
——Who is he/she?他/她是誰?
我認(rèn)為要充分挖掘教材的內(nèi)涵,利用游戲來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的聽力能力和積極參與教學(xué)的主動(dòng)性,要求一位學(xué)生描述班里的另一位學(xué)生,并和自己作比較,其他學(xué)生猜所描述的人是誰,這樣可以給學(xué)生更多的發(fā)言機(jī)會(huì)來表達(dá)自己的思想。不僅反饋于上一環(huán)節(jié)的活動(dòng),也突出了本節(jié)的重點(diǎn)。學(xué)生在游戲中逐漸學(xué)會(huì)了用比較級自如表達(dá),這也是突破難點(diǎn)的一個(gè)過程。
Activity V活動(dòng)五:Competition小組競賽
本活動(dòng)采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式及小組自由合作學(xué)習(xí)的方式,這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的步驟是:把全班分為四個(gè)小組,每組抽取一個(gè)號碼,在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)使用比較級對所抽取的圖畫進(jìn)行描述,說出句子最多的小組獲勝。此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精神和競爭意識(shí),同時(shí)可以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生快速思維的能力。
Activity VI活動(dòng)六:Acting知識(shí)的拓展
此環(huán)節(jié)是通過任務(wù)型教學(xué)途徑,分小組用所給的圖畫續(xù)編并表演故事。然后評出小組。這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)要求學(xué)生積極與他人合作,共同完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí)鍛煉口語表達(dá)能力、和邏輯思維能力。
此項(xiàng)活動(dòng)后的小結(jié)也是本課的總結(jié):“From this story we know,when we are better than others.Don’t laugh at others.When someone is better than you,don’t be frustrated.No one is perfect。 We should learn from each other and help each other.”這個(gè)故事告訴我們一個(gè)道理:當(dāng)你比別人強(qiáng)的時(shí)候,不要嘲笑別人;當(dāng)你在某些方面不如別人時(shí),不要自卑。沒有人是完美的。在生活和學(xué)習(xí)中,我們應(yīng)該相互幫助、相互學(xué)習(xí)。
Activity VII活動(dòng)七:Exercises鞏固訓(xùn)練
用本節(jié)課學(xué)過的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練、當(dāng)堂鞏固,做到“堂堂清”。
五、Homework作業(yè):
《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》建議教師把“任務(wù)型”教學(xué)活動(dòng)延伸到課堂之外的學(xué)習(xí)和生活之中。因此,我在家庭作業(yè)布置中,分常規(guī)性作業(yè)和探究性作業(yè)兩類:
常規(guī)性作業(yè):背記本單元的生詞。
探究性作業(yè):寫作文一篇,標(biāo)題是“My Friend and I”。
(要求:寫出你和你的朋友之間的相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。)
六、Blackboard Design板書設(shè)計(jì):
They are twins.
They are both lovely.
Xiaoya is calmer than Li Wen.
Li Wen is more outgoing than Xiaoya
A is形容詞比較級than B
補(bǔ)充:學(xué)生在使用比較級時(shí)容易出現(xiàn)的問題:
1、比較的對象不一致。如:My hair is longer than you.
2、雙音節(jié)形容詞的比較級形式使用混亂。
Lesson 41
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
學(xué)會(huì)12個(gè)月份、四季和順數(shù)詞的說法。學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)日期。
教學(xué)用具
投影儀、錄影機(jī)以及掛歷和媒體設(shè)備等。
教學(xué)步驟
Step 1 Revision
老師可先做Duty Report, 除規(guī)定的內(nèi)容外,必須讓值日生回答以下幾個(gè)問題: What day is it today / tomorrow?What day was it yesterday? What is the date today / tomorrow? What was the date yesterday? 然后將答案(完全形式和縮略形式)寫在黑板上,并讓學(xué)生視聽,初步了解英文日期的表達(dá)與中文順序的不同。然后全班問學(xué)生幾個(gè)問題:What day is our National Day? October 1st. / Oct.1st. Which month is the Spring Festival in? Usually in February. Who / Whose mother / Whose father was born in February / April / May / September / October? 最好先找?guī)讉€(gè)學(xué)生是在已學(xué)過的這幾個(gè)月份出生的,或他們的父母是在這幾個(gè)月份出生的,這樣可先復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的幾個(gè)月份。按季節(jié)做以下表格。先填出學(xué)過的季節(jié)和月份。學(xué)完生詞后填滿表格。
Step 2 Presentation
Learn and practise
Today we’ll study the first month, the third month, the sixth month, the seventh month, the eighth month, and the eleventh month of the year.
以下單詞符合發(fā)音規(guī)律,請同學(xué)們自己拼讀, 應(yīng)該不會(huì)有太大的困難。
March June July
以下單詞可遷移
autumn August February January September November, December
past last sing spring sea season 先讓學(xué)生根據(jù)舊單詞讀出劃線部分,然后再讀整個(gè)單詞。
這些單詞大多數(shù)拼讀較復(fù)雜,可讓學(xué)生把這些單詞先在本上抄一遍。
然后讓學(xué)生練習(xí)自己的生日,每個(gè)人說出自己的生日。可兩人互相問答,練習(xí)說自己的生日,父母的生日,朋友的生日等。
最后教師問學(xué)生:
T: How many months are there in a year?
Students: There are twelve months in a year.
T: What are they? Can you say them in English?
Ss: They are January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December.
讓學(xué)生填滿表格。
Ask and answer
T: There are four seasons in a year. They are spring, slimmer, autumn and winter. Do you know when spring/summer/autumn/winter is in China?
讓學(xué)生根據(jù)上面填寫的表格進(jìn)行對話練習(xí):
S1: When is spring in China?
S2: It’s from March to May.
S1: When is summer in China?
S2: It’s form June to August.
… …
Notes:
1. We say “autumn” in Britain, and say “fall” in American English.
2. When we say four seasons, we should use preposition “in”--in spring, in summer, in autumn/fall, in winter.
3. Preposition “on”
On Monday, On Tuesday, On Wednesday, On Thursday, On Friday, On Saturday, On Sunday
4. Preposition “at”
at 6 o clock, at 120 clock, at this time of year.
5. Preposition “in”
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening.
然后讓學(xué)生自己完成課本上第2部分的練習(xí)。
Learn and practise
T: Do you remember the cardinal numbers that we have learnt before?
Let’s count them from one to thirty - one. OK! Could you please write them down in your note - books? Who wants to write the cardinal numbers on due blackboard?
要一個(gè)學(xué)生來寫下以前所學(xué)的數(shù)詞:
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve … twenty-one … thirty thirty-one
然后問這個(gè)學(xué)生是否能把這些數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞:
first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, … twenty-first … thirtieth, thirty-first
讓學(xué)生注意黑體字顯示的特殊變化。
Step 3 Practice
T: Which is the first month of the year?
Ss: January is the first month of the year.
T: Show them the answers
1. January is the first month of the year.
2. February is the second month of the year.
3. March is the third month of the year.
4. April is the fourth month of the year.
5. May is the fifth month of the year.
6. June is the sixth month of the year.
7 .July is the seventh month of the year.
8. August is the eighth month of the year.
9. September is the ninth month of the year.
10. October is the tenth month of the year.
11. November is the eleventh month of the year.
12. December is the twelfth month of the year.
用投影片練習(xí)以下日期:
兩千零三年一月一日 New Year’s Day 日期January the first, two thousand and three / Jan. 1st, , 星期 Wednesday
二月 Spring Festival 日期星期
三月八日 Women’s Day 日期星期
五月一日 Labour Day 日期星期
六月一日 Children’s Day 日期星期
七月一日 Birthday of the Party 日期星期
八月一日 建軍節(jié) 日期星期
九月十日 Teachers’ Day 日期星期
十二月二十五日 Christmas Day 日期星期
然后讓學(xué)生練習(xí)關(guān)于詢問最近幾天的日期 (pair work),
S1: What day is it today?
S2: It’s November 3rd, /November the third, two thousand and two.
S1: What day was it yesterday?
S2: It was November 2nd, 2002.
… …
運(yùn)用下面句型進(jìn)行練習(xí):
What day is it today / tomorrow? What day was it yesterday? What the date today / tomorrow? What was the date yesterday? When is your birthday? When is your father’s birthday / your mother’s birthday / your friend’s birthday?
讓學(xué)生統(tǒng)計(jì)本組的,生日,看看那一個(gè)月份過生日的最多。
Step 4 Consolidation
編一段小短文,假定我們班一月份有五個(gè)同學(xué)過生日,說出這五個(gè)同學(xué)的生日,我們準(zhǔn)備給他們集體過生日,要開一個(gè)生日Party, 定一個(gè)日期。并向全班宣布時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。
Step 5 Exercises in class
Filling in the blanks: (keys in the following brackets)
1. New Year is on January, _________(the first)
2 .May the first is _________(Labor Day)
3. We love our teachers, we say Happy Teachers day on _________ (September, the tenth)
4. Flowers come out in________(spring)
5. Our second school - term lasts from ____ to ____. (February to July).
6. June the first is _________. (Children’s Day).
7. ______ is our National Day. (October, the first)
8.We can make a snow man in _________(winter)
9. September is the _________ month of year. (ninth)
10. ________, the twenty - fifth is Christmas Day. (December).
Homework
1. Recite the numbers, seasons and months.
2. Make five English sentences according to this lesson.
3. Do workbook.
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 42
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
學(xué)會(huì)描述四季天氣,信的基本寫法。
教學(xué)用具
投影儀、錄音機(jī)以及用過的外國的信封、信紙等。
教學(xué)步驟
Step 1 Revision
1. Duty Report: 讓值日生報(bào)告,包括以下問題: What day is it today / tomorrow?What day was it yesterday? What is the date today / tomorrow? What was the date yesterday?等,并問學(xué)生What’s the weather like today? 老師可自己回答 It’s fine / cold.
2. Review the names of 12 months and four seasons.
Step 2 Presentation
1.通過敘述四季教新單詞。如能配合媒體效果會(huì)更好。老師可看著媒體描述四季,讓學(xué)生們注意聽。
Spring is the first season of the year. The weather is very warm. 教warm, weather. I like spring best. Everything begins to turn green. Flowers come out. We can wear beautiful clothes, again. 教 come out. Summer is the warmest season of the year. It often rains, sometimes quite heavily, in the South. 教 heavily. The crops grow very quickly. 教 crop. Autumn is the busy season of the year. We often help them with their harvest. We really enjoy working on the farm. Because I like working better than having classes in the classroom. 教really. Winter is the coldest of the year. Old people don’t like it, but children like it. Because it sometime snows, sometimes very heavily. 教snow. Children can make a snowman. 教snowman.
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論re-reading questions。先找一兩個(gè)較好的同學(xué)說一說,再找?guī)讉€(gè)小組的學(xué)生代表在全班展示。
2.觀察信的格式
信紙的右上角寫什么,稱呼用什么標(biāo)點(diǎn),落款寫什么。
閱讀P.12, P.69和P.153三封信。讓學(xué)生總結(jié)寫信應(yīng)有些什么套話。
老師可總結(jié)一封信的格式, 用你自己學(xué)校的地址。
觀察SB P132 信封的寫法。也可給讓學(xué)生看一個(gè)真正的用過的信封、信紙。
讓學(xué)生聽錄音,并跟讀。
Step 3 Practise
1)讓學(xué)生快速閱讀這封信,Say something about the weather in spring, summer, autumn and winter in Hangzhou.
2)Say something about the four seasons in Beijing. 可以小組討論后,代表發(fā)言,也可個(gè)人發(fā)言。
1. There are four seasons in Beijing.
2. It’s windy in spring. It’s warm in autumn.
It’s hot in summer. It’s cold in winter.
3. People like to have a picnic in spring.
They like to swim in summer.
They like to go outing in autumn.
They like to go skiing in winter.
Addition: How many kinds of sports do you know?
eg. running, skating, playing basketball, playing football, playing volleyball, the high jump, the long jump, relay race.
3)做Workbook
Step 4 Exercises in class
T: Let the students close their English books and fill in the missing words according to the letter. Then check the answers.
___1__Helen ,I___2___you are well. Thank you___3__your last letter. You__4___me about the weather here in China. There__5__four seasons in a year___6__spring,__7__, autumn and winter.
I think spring is the___8__season of the year. The weather___9___warmer, and the days___10__longer.___11__the fields everything begins to___12__. Trees__13__green, and flowers start to come__14__.
Summer__15___after spring. It is the__16__season. It often reins .sometimes quite__17___ The crops grow very quickly. Many people love this__18__of year, __19__it is good for___20__. I often go___21__, sometimes in a___22_near my home, and sometimes in a___23__. I enjoy it very___24__.
___25__is a busy season. The days get___26___and the nights get__27__. It is the harvest time, and all farmers are___28__.Often, we help them___29_the harvest.__30__month we helped them with the rice harvest. We really enjoyed__31__on the farm.
The coldest season of the year is winter. Some people___32___like winter, __33_I like it. Sometimes it snows, and the land is___34__white. Then we can play in the mow. I like to___35___snowmen.
How many seasons are__36___in your country? I___37__it is cold all the year __38__.There are not four seasons,__39__there?
_____40___
Wang Wei.
Keys: 1. Dear 2. hope 3. for 4. asked 5. are
6.here 7.summer 8.best 9.gets 10. get
11. In 12.grow 13.turn 14.out es
16.waimest 17.heavily 18. time 19.because 20.sports
21.swimming 22.lake 23.river 24.much 25.Autumn
26. shorter 27. longer 28. busy 29. with 30. Last
31.woiking 32.don’t 33.but 34.all 35.make
36.there 37.hear 38.round 39.are 40.Yours
Step 5 Homework
1. Read the letter fluently.
2. Make sentences with the useful expressions.
3. Try to write a short English letter.
假如Helen 給你也寫了一封信,讓你談?wù)勀慵亦l(xiāng)的四季,請你回一封信。
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 43-L44 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
(一課時(shí)或兩課時(shí))
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
掌握語音;談?wù)勛约簩λ募镜目捶?,說說自己最喜歡那個(gè)季節(jié),并說明理由。
教學(xué)用具
錄影機(jī)、媒體設(shè)備。
教學(xué)步驟
Step 1 Revision
四季和12個(gè)月份。
Step 2 Presentation
老師朗讀這些句子,朗讀兩遍,重讀動(dòng)詞及反意部分。
It’s fine today, isn’t it? Yes, it is.
You’re from Japan, aren’t you? Yes, I am.
They are waiting, aren’t they? No, they aren’t.
He’s a middle school student, isn’t he? Yes, he is.
She is at home now, isn’t she? No, she isn’t. She is at school.
It was Sunday yesterday, wasn’t it? Yes, it was.
Jim knows the way Australians speak, doesn’t he? Yes, he is.
Han Meimei knows Jim a lot, doesn’t she?
They were watching TV yesterday evening, weren’t they? Yes, they were.
You like spring best, don’t you? No, I don’t. I like summer.
將這些句子用投影儀打出,讓學(xué)生觀察,并總結(jié)反意問句的構(gòu)成,以及它的回答方式。
Step 3 Drill
然后可采用老師說主句部分,由學(xué)生練習(xí)縮略部分的方式練習(xí)。練熟后由學(xué)生說主句部分,老師說從句部分,直至練熟。也可在黑板上出一部分句子,寫出主句部分,讓學(xué)生寫反意部分。目前只讓學(xué)生練習(xí)前肯定后否定的反意問句,回答部分不必多花時(shí)間。
聽錄音,并跟讀。
Step 4 Practise pair work
聯(lián)系Part 2 可讓學(xué)生自由發(fā)揮, 如兩人談?wù)劚本┑乃募?,和你家鄉(xiāng)的季節(jié),但主要練習(xí)反意問句及其回答。
教單詞:true near nearly like unlike opposite
Step 5 Listen and repeat
Open your books and do Exercise One, Lesson 44
Pay attention to these pronunciations.
Read the words again.
T: Now let’s do Exercise Two. Listen to the tape and choose the correct answers on Page 134.
Then check the answers together.
Step 6 Consolidation
1.看圖并談?wù)劚本┑乃募尽R粋€(gè)學(xué)生可重點(diǎn)談一個(gè)季節(jié)。練習(xí)Lesson 43 Part3.
2.讓學(xué)生編一個(gè)對話,談?wù)勛约核矏鄣募竟?jié)。引出一個(gè)十分有用的句型:That’s true.
仿照Lesson 44 Part3.
A: Which season do you like best, spring, summer, autumn or winter?
B: That’s an easy question. I think I like spring best.
A: Why?
B: Well, I like travelling. You can do a lot of sightseeing in spring. What about you?
A: Can you guess?
B: You like winter, don’t you?
A: Yes. How did you guess?
B: Because you like skiing.
A: That’s true, but I like summer better than winter.
B: Why?
A: Because I can have a long holiday in Summer then.
3.Listen Lesson 44 Part 4 Read.
把你聽到的填寫在下列表格中,對比中國,美國和澳大利亞。
Spring Weather Summer Weather Autumn Weather Winter Weather
China Mar- May Warm
England
Amer-ica Mar- May
Austra-lia
Keys
Spring Weather Summer Weather Autumn Weather Winter Weather
China Mar- May warmshort June-August hot Aug.-Nov. quite warm Dec.-Feb. very cold
England Mar.-- May longer than in China and USA Not too hot or too cold
Amer-ica Mar- May A nearly the same as China.
Austra-lia Dec.-Feb. The seasons are opposite of China. June-Aug.
Ask the students to look at the two pictures in students Book and describe the pictures in their own words.
Let them talk about the weather in China, in England, in the U. S. A. and in Australia.
4. Go over Checkpoint 11
A: Grammar
1. disjunctive questions 2. the prepositions: in, on and at
B: Useful expressions
1. turn green/yellow/… 2. this year/month/… 3. the next year/month/…
4. be different from 5. What is the date today? 6. What’s the weather like?
Step 7 Exercises in class
Listening practice.
Listen to a story and try to answer the following questions.
Everybody talks about weather. “Isn’t it a nice day?” “Do you think it will rain?” I think it s going to snow. These are common ways of starting a conversation in England.
Many people think that they can tell what the weather is going to be like. But they hardly ever agree with each other. One man may say, “Do you see it is cloudy in the east? It’s going to rain tomorrow.” Another man will say, “Yes, it’s cloudy in the east. We’re going to have fine weather tomorrow.”
People often look for the weather they want. When farmer needs water, he looks for something to tell himself that it's going to rain. When people play in a park on a rainy day, they are sure that the weather is going to be fine soon. They even sit eating their lunch while it rains.
Most people listen to what the weatherman says on the radio. But he doesn’t always tell them what they want to hear. Sometimes he makes a mistake, but he is still right more often than anyone else.
Questions.
1. How do English people start a conversation?
2. Do many of them think they can tell what the weather is going to be like?
3. Why do they hardly agree with each other?
4. What kind of weather do people think it’s going to be if they go out to play in a park in the rain?
5. Who is right more often about the weather?
Keys:
1. They usually talk about the weather.
2.Yes, they do.
3. Because each of them is so sure of himself that only he knows about the weather.
4. They think it s going to be fine.
5. The weatherman is.
Step 8 Homework
1. Make up a new dialogue according to Exercise Three.
2. Write about the weather of four seasons in China.
3. Read the text fluently and try to recite it.
4. Review Checkpoint 11 and the whole unit.
5. Go over disjunctive questions.
Blackboard Handwriting
How do you make a banana smoothie?教案示例 I. 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) 1.學(xué)會(huì)描述混合飲料、沙拉、三明治等食品的制作程序。 2.學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞及如何表示量。 3.學(xué)會(huì)寫菜譜。 4.學(xué)會(huì)描述某個(gè)過程。 II. 學(xué)習(xí)向?qū)?語言目標(biāo) 學(xué)習(xí)策略與思維技巧 重點(diǎn)詞匯 How do you make…? Peel the bananas. How many apples do we need? How much milk do we need? First, cut up the bananas. Then, … 通過對話練習(xí),鞏固所學(xué)知識(shí)。 通過上下文進(jìn)行邏輯排序。 通過合作學(xué)習(xí),啟發(fā)思維,培養(yǎng)動(dòng)手能力與合作精神。 first, next, then, finally cut up, peel, put, mix up, turn on salad, sandwich, hamburger watermelon, lettuce, onion, turkey, relish honey, mayonnaise, 語言結(jié)構(gòu) 語言功能 跨學(xué)科學(xué)習(xí)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞 How many/How much 問句 敘述過程的詞: first, next, then, finally 談?wù)撟约合矏鄣氖澄?描述制作食物的過程 社會(huì)實(shí)踐:制作食物 文化:了解其他國家的飲食文化。 III.疑點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)解析 1.cut:切,割,剪,割破;cut up:切碎,粉碎,搗毀。 如: I cut my finger when I cooked dinner yesterday. 昨天我做晚飯時(shí)割破了手指。 The butcher cut up the meat. 屠夫把肉切碎. 2.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞量的表示方法。特別注意不可數(shù)名詞要加表示容器或體積大小的名詞,與of構(gòu)成短語才能表示量。 如: a piece of paper, two teaspoons of cinnamon,a cup of yogurt,a bar of chocolate 3.a(chǎn)dd…to 把…加到…上。 如: If you add 5 to 6, you get 11. 五加六得十一。 4.在描述一件事情的先后順序時(shí),恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂酶痹~first、next、then 和 finally,既能使說話人喘口氣,又能使聽話者感到句子的連貫性。 IV. 補(bǔ)充的詞匯 1.碟子 dish 7. 蘇打水 soda 13. 醬油 sauce 2.盤子 plate 8. 奶油 cream 14. 香油 sesame oil 3.湯匙 spoon 9. 桃 peach 15. 黃油 butter 4.刀子 knife 10. 梨 pear 16. 色拉油 salad oil 5.叉子 fork 11. 葡萄 grape 17. 花生醬 peanut butter 6.打蛋器 egg beater 12. 草莓 strawberry 18. 芝麻醬 sesame paste ? V. 能力訓(xùn)練 一、補(bǔ)全對話 A: Let’s______ fruit salad. B: OK, good idea. How ______cinnamon _____we need? A: One teaspoon. B: And how _______ apples do we need? A: Let me think… We ______two apples. B: OK, and how much mayonnaise do we need? A: Two teaspoons should ______enough. 二、重新安排下面句子的'順序,使其成為一個(gè)完整的對話。 1. I’m hungry. Let’s make a fruit smoothie. 2. What else do we need? 3. Two teaspoons should do it. And we need two teaspoons of yogurt. 4. We need three. 5. How many bananas do we need? 6. That sounds good. What fruit do we need? 7. How much mayonnaise do we need? 8. OK, three bananas, two teaspoons of mayonnaise and two teaspoons of yogurt. 9. We need mayonnaise. 10. We need bananas. 三、選擇填空。 1. You should ______ the bananas and put them in the blender. A. cut down B. cut up C. cut in 2. Mon, can I turn _____ the TV? I want to watch the soccer game. A. on B. offC. up 3. How _______ yogurt do you need? A. manyB. a little C. much 4. I need ______________. A. two slices of bread B. two slices bread C. two slice of bread 5. How ____ cups of milk do you drink every day? A. muchB. manyC. a little 四、根據(jù)句意,用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. How many ______ (teacher) are there in your school? 2. I have three _______( watch ). 3. There are some _______( orange) on the table. 4. I like _______(tomato) and _______ ( chicken). 5. How much _______( honey ) do we need? 6. Tina, let’s _________(make) fruit salad. 7. Oh, it ______(rain) last night, so the ground is wet now. 8. Tom is a little _________ ( strong) than Mike. 9. I think English is ________________(important) than any other subject. 10. My mother ________( take) the bus to work every day. 五、完形填空 The Right Place for the Reece Mr Reece worked on a farm. He and his wife grew a lot of things and they had some cows. Every day they worked hard 1 morning till night. One day, Mr Reece 2 his wife. “Let’s go to Portsmouth next Sunday. We can 3 a good lunch there and then we can go to the cinema.” His wife was very happy when she 4 this, because they always ate a lot, and she didn’t 5 cooking three times a day. They went to Portsmouth by plane and walked about 6 an hour. Then, when it was twelve o’clock, they wanted to 7 . They looked at four restaurants(飯店). In front of one restaurant, they 8 a notice(公告). It read, “Lunch: 12:30 to 2:30, 1.5 pounds.” “Well, that’s 9 ,” Mrs Reece said. “We can eat for two hours for 1.5 pounds here! This is 10 for us.” 1. A. at B. from C. in D. on 2. A. told to B. asked C. spokeD. said to 3. A. cookB. smellC. haveD. buy 4. A. heard from B. heard of ?C. heard ? D. listened 5. A. thinkB. wish C. wantD. like 6. A. for B. by C. at D. in 7. A. have a rest ? B. have lunch C. take a bus D. go home 8. A. saw B. heard C. watched D. looked for 9. A. terrible ?B. well C. badD. great 10.A. the news ? B. the thing C. the place D. the shop 六、書面表達(dá) 下周末,同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)備開一次聚會(huì),在聚會(huì)上,大家想自己動(dòng)手制作一些喜歡吃的東西,許多同學(xué)愛吃水果沙拉,你會(huì)做嗎?請你根據(jù)下面所給的材料,寫出制作水果沙拉的過程。 three bananas, three apples, a watermelon, a bowl, cinnamon, yogurt. _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ VI. Culture(文化): 1. How to keep table manners: * Fingers: We eat with chopsticks, forks, knives and spoons. But we eat some foods with fingers. For example: grapes, pizza, fries and fried chicken. * Elbow: Where do you put your elbows when you are eating? Remember to keep them off the table. * Mouth: Chew with your mouth closed. 2. Eating habit: * Indian use hands to eat meals, southerners use two hands when they are eating, but the northerner just use the left hand to eat. * Arab families use only the first three fingers of the right hand to eat. * American people don’t like to eat up all food when they are eating, they believe that will bring them bad luck and it’s rude. 3. 白族筷子趣話筷子: 白族人民對筷子的偏愛,不僅和其他民族一樣在生活中離不開它,而且還形成了獨(dú)特的習(xí)俗。一般請客吃飯,用一般的竹筷子。而在婚禮上使用的筷子,一律都用紅顏色染就加工的竹筷子。因此,主人家在婚慶之前要砍回一些竹子請人加工削成筷子,然后用紅顏色染紅。這一是取紅為吉利,二則是借用紅字的諧音,取“和睦”之意。而前來參加喜慶婚宴的客人都要把自己使用的那雙紅筷子帶回家、借主人家喜慶慶賀自家“和和氣氣”、“和睦相處。因而要準(zhǔn)備多很多的"紅筷子"。有趣的是新媳婦吃飯要用十多雙紅筷子扎成一把吃飯,據(jù)說這是圖多子的意思。 答案及簡析 一、 A: Let’s make fruit salad. B: OK, good idea. How much cinnamon do we need? A: One teaspoon. B: And how many apples do we need? A: Let me think… We need two apples. B: OK, and how much mayonnaise do we need? A: Two teaspoons should be enough. 二、 1 6 10 5 4 2 9 7 3 8 三、 1. B cut up有: 切碎,粉碎,搗毀 的意思. 2. A turn on 的意思是: 打開(電視機(jī)) 3. C yogurt是不可
短語歸納
stay at home待在家里
take the bus乘公共汽車
tomorrow night明天晚上
have a class party進(jìn)行班級聚會(huì)
half the class一半的同學(xué)
make some food做些食物
order food訂購食物
have a class meeting開班會(huì)
at the party在聚會(huì)上
potatochips炸土豆片,炸薯?xiàng)l
in the end最后
make mistakes犯錯(cuò)誤
go to the party去參加聚會(huì)
have a great/good 玩得開心
give sb.some advice給某人提一些建議
go to college上大學(xué)
make(a lot of)money賺(許多)錢
travel aroundthe world環(huán)游世界
work hard努力工作
a soccer player一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員
keep…to oneself保守秘密
talk with sb.與某人交談
in life 在生活中
be angry at/about sth.因某事生氣
be angry with sb.生某人的氣
in the future在將來
run away逃避;逃跑
the first step第一步
in half分成兩半
solve a problem解決問題
school clean-up學(xué)校大掃除
ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
give sb.sth.給某人某物
tell sb.to do sth.告訴某人做某事
too…to do sth.太……而不能做某事
be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事
advise sb.to do sth.勸告某人做某事
It’s best (not) to do sth.最好(不)做某事
need to do sth.需要做某事
語法講解
由 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 (主將從現(xiàn))
if 用做連詞時(shí),可以表示“如果;假如”,用來引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語從句。如:
I will go if he asks me.
If you eat bad food, you may be ill.
注意:在主句和條件狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞都表示將來的動(dòng)作時(shí),主句中常用一般將來時(shí),含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子或祈使句,也可以是謂語含有want, hope,wish等動(dòng)詞的句子,但從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。如:
We will come to see you if we have time.
You won’t be able to pass the exam if you don’t work hard.
I hope to visit her if I am free.
1、I
think I am going to the party with Karen and Ann.分析:
be going to do sth.將要、打算做某事。如:
I am going to do some shopping with my mother.
辨析:be going to and will.
be going to and will 兩者都可以表示將來,其區(qū)別如下:
be going to 常用于事先經(jīng)過的打算、計(jì)劃或意圖,也可用于根據(jù)某種跡象將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
Why are you taking down all the pictures?
I am going to repaint the wall.
L ook at the dark clouds in the sky.I t ’ s going to rain.
will 常用于不受人的主觀意愿影響的單純將來,也可用于條件狀語從句中,還可以表趨向或習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作。如:
Tomorrow will be Teacher ’ s Day.
I f it doesn ’ t rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.
W e will die without air or water.
2、Half
of class won ’ t come.分析:
① half, adj and n.一半(的)。 h alf 常用于名詞或修飾名詞的冠詞前面,即half a/an/the/one ’ s +n.還可以用于a half +n.這中結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
P lease cut the cake into halves.
T he little boy drank half a bottle of water.== the little boy drank a halfbottle of water.
H alf of the children are from Chinese .
注意:half 短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與half后的名詞保持一致
英語八年級上冊知識(shí)2短語歸納
on Saturdayafternoon在周六下午
prepare for為……做準(zhǔn)備
go to the doctor去看醫(yī)生
have the flu患感冒
help my parents幫助我的父母
come to the party來參加聚會(huì)
another time其他時(shí)間
last fall去年秋天
go to the party去聚會(huì)
hang out常去某處;泡在某處
the day after tomorrow后天
the day before yesterday前天
have a pianolesson上鋼琴課
look after照看;照顧
accept an invitaton接受邀請
turn down aninvitation拒絕邀請
take a trip去旅行
at the end of this month這個(gè)月末
look forward to盼望;期待
the opening of… ……的開幕式/落成典禮
reply in writing書面回復(fù)
go to the concert去聽音樂會(huì)
not…until直到……才
meet my friend會(huì)見我的朋友
visit grandparents拜訪祖父母
study for a test為考試學(xué)習(xí)
have to不得不
too much homework太多作業(yè)
do homework做家庭作業(yè)
go to the movies去看電影
after school放學(xué)后
on the weekend在周末
invite sb.to do sth.邀請某人做某事
what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu):What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)!
What+adj.+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語)!
help sb.(to)do sth.幫助某人做某事
be sad to do sth.做某事很悲傷
see sb.do sth.see sb.doingsth.
the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式
have a surprise party for sb.為某人舉辦一個(gè)驚喜派對
look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事
reply to sth./sb.答復(fù)某事/某人
What’s today?今天是什么日子?
What’s the date today? What day is it today?
語法講解
1、prepare意為“準(zhǔn)備”,強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備的動(dòng)作與過程。
賓語是這一動(dòng)作的承受者。其后也可接雙賓語,還可接不定式。 prepare for sth.為…準(zhǔn)備好。for的賓語不是動(dòng)作的承受者,而是表示準(zhǔn)備的目的,即所要應(yīng)付的情況。 / prepare to dosth 準(zhǔn)備做某事。prepare 強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備的動(dòng)作與過程。賓語是這一動(dòng)作的承受者。其后也可接雙賓語,還可接不定式。
get/be ready意為“準(zhǔn)備好”,強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備的結(jié)果。常見結(jié)構(gòu)有:①beready(for sth.)②getsth.ready ③beready(for sth)④be get ready to do(準(zhǔn)備干某事,樂于干某事)
We _____ the mid-term examination.Miss Li said, “Everyone should______beforeclass.
2.have
the flu 患感冒, have a cold 感冒 ,have a cough 咳嗽, have a fever 發(fā)燒 ,have a sore throat 喉嚨痛, have a headache 頭痛 ,have a toothache 牙痛,3.hang
out 常去某處,泡在某處, hang on 緊緊抓住, hang about 閑蕩, hang up 掛電話,懸掛,掛起4.catch
you =see you = bye bye ,catch a cold感冒 , catch sb’s eye引起某人注意,catch the train 趕上火車catch up with =keep up with 趕上,跟上 ,catch hold of=take hold of 抓住
5.accept
接受 , 反義詞為: refuse。 accept指主觀上愿意接受,receive 收到,指客觀上收到或拿到,但主觀上不一定會(huì)接受。I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’tlike to accept it.(1) turn down = refuse 拒絕 turn up 放大調(diào)高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次,輪流
(2) help sb.(to) do sth 幫助某人做某事 helpsb.with sth 在某方面幫助人 help oneself tosth 隨便吃
(3)at the end of 在…末尾,在…盡頭, bythe end of 到…末為止 in the end of 終于
6.surprised
形容詞,感到意外的,主語是人be surprised to do sth 對做某事感到意外surprising 形容詞,令人驚訝的,主語是物 Thenews was surpring.surprise 名詞,驚奇、驚訝 to one’ssurprise使某人吃驚,動(dòng)詞,使驚奇,使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.
7.look
forward to 期待,盼望,to 是介詞,后跟名詞,代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。hear from sb.收到某人的來信 = receive a letter from sb.
hear of = hear about 聽說
8.make
it 在約定的時(shí)間內(nèi)到達(dá),能夠來 = arrive in time; Glad you couldmake it.商量確定的時(shí)間,表示將來某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的安排,后接時(shí)間狀語。 Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday.
成功辦成某事 = succeed After yearsof hard work, he finally made it.
9.reply
回答,指用口頭或書面形式回答,不及物動(dòng)詞 reply to sb/sth.對…..作出回答。作及物動(dòng)詞,意為回答,回答說。作名詞,意為:答道,回信,答復(fù),后跟介詞 to .
answer 是最普通的用語,包括口頭,書面或行動(dòng)的回答,可作及物和不及物動(dòng)詞。
英語八年級上冊知識(shí)3短語歸納
milk shake奶昔
turn on接通(電流、煤氣、水等);打開
pour…into…把……倒入……
a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶
a good idea好主意
on Saturday在星期六
cut up切碎
put…into…把……放入……
one more thing還有一件事
a piece of一片/張/段/首……
at this time在這時(shí)
a few一些;幾個(gè)
fill… with…用……把……裝滿
cover…with…用……覆蓋……
one by one一個(gè)接一個(gè);逐個(gè);依次
a long time很長時(shí)間
how many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 多少……
how much+不可數(shù)名詞 多少……
It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth.到(某人)做某事的時(shí)間了
First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下來……然后…….最后……
want + to do sth.想要做某事
forget+to do sth.忘記去做某事
how + to do sth.如何做某事
need+to do sth.需要做某事
make+賓語+形容詞 使……怎樣
let sb.+do sth.讓某人做某事
英語八年級上冊知識(shí)4短語歸納
1.on
computer在電腦上 2.on paper在紙上 3.wake up醒來todo 200 years old活動(dòng)200歲 5.free time空閑時(shí)間6.in
danger處于危險(xiǎn)之中 7.on theearth在地球上8.play
a part in sth.參與某事 9.in the future在未來10space station太空站 puter programmer電腦編程員
12.look
for尋找 13.hundredsof許多;成百上千14thesame…as…與……一樣 15.getbored感到厭煩的
16.over
andover again多次;反復(fù)地 17.fall down倒塌18.will+動(dòng)詞原形
將要做……19.fewer/more+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
更少/更多……20.less/more+不可數(shù)名詞
更少/更多……21.have
to do sth.不得不做某事22.agree
with sb.同意某人的意見23.such+名詞(詞組)
如此……24.play
apart in doing sth.參與做某事25.There
will be + 主語+其他 將會(huì)有……26.There
is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth.有……正在做某事27.make
sb.do sth.help sb.withsth.幫助某人做某事28.try
to do sth.盡力做某事29.It’s+
adj.+for sb.to do sth.對某人來說,做某事……的。英語八年級上冊知識(shí)5短語歸納
1.grow
up成長;長大 2.every day每天3.be
sure about對……有把握 4.make sure確信;務(wù)必5.send…to…把……送到……
6.be able to能7.the
meaning of……的意思 8.write down寫下;記下9.different
kinds of不同種類的 10.hardly ever幾乎不;很少11.have
to do with關(guān)于;與..有關(guān)系12.ta
take up開始做;學(xué)著做13.too…to…太……而不能……
14.be
going to+動(dòng)詞原形 打算做某事15.practice
doing練習(xí)做某事16.keep
on doing sth.不斷地做某事17.learn
to do sth.學(xué)會(huì)做某事18.finishdoing
sth.做完某事mise
to do sth.許諾去做某事20.help
sb.to dosth.幫助某人做某事21.remember
to do sth.記住做某事22.agree
to do sth.同意做某事to do sth.喜愛做某事24.want
to do sth.想要做某事一、教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1、目標(biāo)語言
重點(diǎn)詞匯:
1,want somebody to do
2. be good for
3.pretty healthy
4.my eating habit
5.try to do
6.two or three times a week
7. help somebody do
8.look after my health
9.get good grades
10.study better
11.the same as
12. kind of unhealthy
重點(diǎn)句型:
含有以上詞組的11句子。
綜合能力:
能閱讀介紹飲食習(xí)慣方面的文章
2、情感滲透
學(xué)會(huì)養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣和飲食習(xí)慣,從而合理安排自己的各項(xiàng)工作,享受豐富多彩的校園生活。
二、教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備:
教師準(zhǔn)備:
設(shè)計(jì)課后鞏固練習(xí)的幻燈片,2部分有關(guān)事務(wù)的幻燈片3錄音機(jī)和磁帶。
學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備收集自己和他人生活習(xí)慣的信息: 查找更多食物的英語名稱。
預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)航::
1、 聽單詞錄音,熟記Section A的新單詞,并制作單圖片。
2、完成1a,列出圖中物品的英語單詞,并識(shí)記新單詞。
3、讀1a、1c中的對話,區(qū)別My name’s Jenny.和I’m Jenny.
4、找出并區(qū)別I you my your his her。
三、教學(xué)過程:
1. 預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)或自測
1) 很少/幾乎不曾_______________
2) surf the lnternet _______________
3) 大部分學(xué)生__________________
4) as for ________________________
5) 一周兩次_______________________
6) be good for ________________________
7) 照顧___________________________
8) eating habits ______________________
9) 六到八次_______________________
10) try to do sth ___________________
Step1. Revision.
Ask and answer in pairs like this.
What do you do on weekends/、、、/I often exercise How often do you exercise ?. I exercise five times a week.
(設(shè)計(jì)說明)先有老師示范對話,詢問學(xué)生周末日?;顒?dòng),然后兩人一組自由對話,利用圖片進(jìn)行。為新課學(xué)習(xí)作好鋪墊。
Step2.Leading in.
1,要求學(xué)生將單詞和字母對應(yīng),完成1a任務(wù),2,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行1B的pair work 活動(dòng),自編對話完成1b中的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容。
(設(shè)計(jì)說明)這里可鞏固練習(xí)詞組,want somebody to do.與 be good for并造句子。
Step3:
3.播放錄音,要求學(xué)生完成2a的聽力內(nèi)容。
4.再播放錄音,要求學(xué)生完成2b的聽力內(nèi)容,并將此詞填在合適的位置。(設(shè)計(jì)說明)通過聽力訓(xùn)練,使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)聽關(guān)鍵詞和推測詞意的能力,并理解目標(biāo)語言。
5.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行2c的Pair work活動(dòng),自編對話,完成2c中的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容。
6.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀3a的短文,要求學(xué)生回答設(shè)計(jì)的問題,完成3a的內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)學(xué)。合作探究 課文解析. 3a
1) pretty表示“十分”作副詞用,我們以前學(xué)過quite和very也有這種意思。其中它們的程度由淺入深為quite→pretty→very.
相當(dāng)健康:
2)I exercise every day, usually when I come home from
School.我每天鍛煉身體,
3) eating habits:
4) try to do sth意為
eg:他盡力通過考試:
5) Of course.:
6) So you see, I look after my health. 所以你看,我很在意我的健康。
look after 意為
eg:Can you when I leave?
能幫我照顧一下孩子嗎?
look還可以和許多詞搭配,但意思不一樣。
(1)look at
eg:Please look at the blackboard.
(2)look for
eg:我在找我的筆
(3)look like
eg::你爸爸長什么樣?
4) Good food and exercise
好的飲食和鍛煉幫助我學(xué)得更好。
5)幫助某人做某事
6) be good for
7)be good at =do well in
8)be good to sb.
9) 和…相同
與……不同
不同: (n.)differenceeg.There are many (不同點(diǎn))between the two pictures.
10) although雖然,盡管,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,與 同義,但不能與 同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中,可與still, yet同用。
11) 保持健康: = be in good health =keep/ be healthy
4.拓展創(chuàng)新
注意sometimes與幾個(gè)形似的詞的區(qū)別。
A. sometime是副詞,意為“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”,“某時(shí)”
B. sometimes:有時(shí)候是副詞。
C. some time是名詞詞組,意為“一段時(shí)間”,做時(shí)間狀語用
D.some times是名詞詞組,意為“幾次,幾倍”。
eg:(1)I met him in the street last month.
(2) Will you come again next week?
(3) I will stay here for
5.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀3b的短文,填單詞,完成3b的內(nèi)容。
1.要求學(xué)生寫一篇短文,談一談自己的生活和飲食習(xí)慣。
2.要求學(xué)生口頭談一談父親或母親的生活和飲食習(xí)慣。
3.引導(dǎo)學(xué)生做調(diào)查,完成下列任務(wù)。
Activitiesfrequency
a. go to the movies
b. watch TV
c. shop
d. exercise
e.read
F,listen to music
(設(shè)計(jì)說明)循序漸進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)語言Step10. Do some exercises.
綜合能力訓(xùn)練P9自主學(xué)習(xí)
Step11. Summing-up
Stress the important phrases and sentences in this class.
Step12. Homework
介紹你自己:
四、教學(xué)反思:
學(xué)后反思:今天我學(xué)會(huì)了________________________________________________________
我還不明白的是:______________________________________________________
教后反思:____________________________
_____
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
Section A
一、主要詞匯:
consequence, jeans, let in, organize, bike, you’ll= you will
二、語言目標(biāo):
1. I think I’m going to stay at home. If you do, you’ll be sorry.
2. When is a good time to have the party?
3. I think I’ll ride my bike. If you do, you’ll be late.
4. I’m going to the school party.
三、語言結(jié)構(gòu):
1.If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句;
2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法;
3.句型I think I’ll ride my bike. If you do, you’ll be late.
I think I’m going to stay at home. If you do, you’ll be sorry.
I’m going to the dance with Karen and Ann.
If you do, you’ll have a great time.
---Are you going to the party?
---Yes, I am. I’m going to wear my new jeans.
You should wear your cool pants.
四、學(xué)法向?qū)?/strong>
1. 學(xué)會(huì)討論在某些條件下可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生的影響。即If you do, you’ll …等;
2. 注意條件狀語從句中主句的從句的時(shí)態(tài);
3. 了解參加晚會(huì)的一些基本常識(shí);
4. 根據(jù)上下文培養(yǎng)理解能力和基本的邏輯思維能力。
五、教學(xué)過程
I 請本地教師組織教學(xué),學(xué)生小組活動(dòng)
1a
(教師)1. Read the instructions.
(教師)2.Point out the four pictures and ask students to tell what they see..
(教師)3. Ask two students to read the conversation in the speech bubbles in the first picture.
(教師)4. Say, Now read the statements and responses in the box. Match the statements with the responses you think make sense.
(教師)5. Answer any questions students may have about vocabulary.
(學(xué)生)6. Students match the statements and responses.
1b
(教師)1.Say, You will hear four conversations. Each conversation will give you the matching responses for one of the four sentences..
(教師)2. Play the recording. Say, Check your answers to activity 1a.
(教師)3.Talk about the answers together.
(答案)
1. d 2.a 3.b 4.c
(聽力材料原文答案)Tapescript
A: I think I’m going to wear jeans to the party.
B: If you do, the teachers won’t let you in.
A: I think I’m going to stay at home.
C: If you do, you’ll be sorry.
A: I think I’m going to take the bus to the party.
B: If you do, you’ll be late.
D: I think I’m going to go to the dance with Karen and Ann.
C: If you do, you’ll have a great time.
1c
(教師)1. Read the instructions.
(教師)2. Ask two students to read the example in the sample dialogue in activity 1c. Say, You will work with your partner. Make a conversation using the things that are happening in the picture.
(教師)3.Ask several pairs of students to say their conversations to the class.
II 放完第二段視頻后,
① 請本地教師組織教學(xué),學(xué)生小組活動(dòng)
2a
(教師)1.Read the instructions with the students.
(教師)2 Students complete the task.
(教師)3. Check the answers.
(答案)a. 3 b. 1 c.2 d.6 e.4 f.5
(聽力材料原文答案)Tapescript
Andrea: Hi, Mark. I want to have a class party. Will you help me organize it?
Mark: Sure, Andrea. I can help you. So when shall we have the party?
Andrea: Let’s have it today after class.
Mark: No, today is too early. If we have it today, half the class won’t come.
Andrea: Okay, let’s have it tomorrow.
Mark: Hmm…There’s a test tomorrow. Students will leave early to study for their tests. Let’s have it on the weekend.
Andrea: Okay, let’s have it on Saturday afternoon. We can all meet and watch a video.
Mark: No, I don’t think we should watch a video. Some students will be bored. Let’s play party games.
Andrea: Okay, good idea. Can you organize the party games?
Mark: Sure, I can do that. And can you make some food for us?
Andrea: Yes, that’s no problem.【551336.com 合同幫幫網(wǎng)】
2b
(教師)1. Read the instructions.
(教師)2. Play the recording again.
(學(xué)生)3. Students complete the task.
(教師)4. Check the answers.
(答案)
Half the class won’t come.
Students will leave early to study for their tests.
Some students will be bored.
Mark is going to organize the party games.
Andrea is going to make some food.
2c
(教師)1.Draw attention to the sample dialogue.
(學(xué)生)2. Students complete the task.
(教師)3. Check the answers.
② 全班討論
Ask students to work in small groups. Ask each group to write down as many sentences like those in the Grammar Focus as they can. See which group can think of the most sentences. Count how many each group has. Have the groups read their sentences to the class. Write original sentences on the board and discuss the sentences with the class.
III 放完第三段視頻后,
請本地教師組織教學(xué),學(xué)生小組活動(dòng)(教師)1. Read the instructions. Point out the notice from the principal. Then point to the dialogue. Say, First read the notice from the principal. It is about a school party. Then fill in the blanks in the dialogue.
(教師)2.Ask different students to read one line each of the dialogue to the class..
(教師)3.Read the dialogue to the class saying blank each time you come to a blank line.
(教師)4. Then say, Now read the notice again and fill in the blanks.
(教師)5. As students work, move around the room offering help where needed.
(答案)
1. the school party
2. I’m going to
3. The teachers won’t let you in.
3b(教師)1. Read the instructions.
(教師)2. Point out the words in the box. Say, You will be using the words in this box and the notice from the principal to make conversations.
(教師)3. Ask two students to read the example in sample dialogue in activity 3b. Say, In your conversations, tell what will happen if the student does what he or she is planning to do. Ask students to give some possible ways to complete the last sentence in the example.
(教師)4. Say, Now have a conversation abut the rules with your partner.
(教師)5. Ask one or two pairs of students to say their conversations to the class.
4
(教師)1. Read the instructions.
(教師)2.Ask two students to read the sample dialogue..
(教師)3. Ask another one or two students to suggest other charity events. Pick a topic of current interest in the news.
(教師)4. Ask students to complete the work in pairs.
.(教師)5. Ask a few students to share sample conversations.
注:黑色的斜體字是老師在課上組織教學(xué)時(shí)所用到的語言。
Lesson 13
Teaching Objectives:
1. Master the comparative and superlatives of adverbs.
2. the comparative forms of long adjectives.
Language Focus:
fast - faster - the fastest well - better - the best interesting - more interesting get home have to kinds of feed, to give food to
Properties: Tape recorder, overhead projector, flash動(dòng)畫
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Revision
Revise be going to.
Ask individual students to open the door, close the window and do other classroom duties. As they stand up to obey, ask What are you going to do? Then ask the class What is he/she going to do?
Step 2 Presentation
Showing the picture of a farm by the overhead projector.
Ask What is this? What can you see on the farm? What kind of work is there on the farm?
Let the students to talk about the farm.
生活在農(nóng)村的學(xué)生,可以讓他們談?wù)勛约旱霓r(nóng)場情況,有多少種動(dòng)物,農(nóng)場的生活情況。
Step 3 Read and act
Get the students to look at the picture on page 16 and describe it.
Teach the new words about the animals on the farm.
Play the tape for the students to listen and ask How many kinds of animals are there on the farm?
Explain the language points:
have to, the plural form of sheep.
Explain the comparative of long adjectives. Give more examples, “My coat is beautiful. Her coat is more beautiful than mine.”
Play the tape again for the students to listen and repeat.
Have them work in pairs to practise the dialogue. Then ask some pairs to act it out in front of the class.
Step 4 Presentation
Call three students to the front and say, “Mary works hard. Lisa works harder than Mary. Lucy works harder than Lisa. Lucy works hardest of the three.”
Say another group of sentences and get the students to repeat, “Linda gets up early. Kate gets up earlier than Linda. Green gets up earliest of all.”
Step 5 Read and learn
Showing the students the picture of Part 2. Let them to describe the pictures with the comparative and superlatives of adverbs
Play the tape for the students to listen and repeat and check their answer.
Step 6 Exercise
Complete the sentences.
1. 我母親的工作是照看孩子們。
My ______ ______ is ______ ______ ______ ______.
2. 你在家得做些什么?
What ______ you ______ to ______ at ______?
3. 讓我?guī)椭阄闺u。
______ me ______ you ______ the chickens.
4. 吉姆在他們班上每天早晨到校最遲。
Mike ______ ______ school ______ ______ in their class every morning.
Answers:
1.mother’s job, to look after children 2.do, have, do, home 3.Let, help, feed 4.gets to, the latest
Step 7 Homework
1. Make a group of sentences to compare things.
2. Finish off the workbook exercises.
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 13wait sheephave to tractorfeed the animals slowmore interesting slower
教案點(diǎn)評:
利用幻燈片打出農(nóng)場的圖片,讓學(xué)生了解農(nóng)場導(dǎo)入本課關(guān)于談?wù)撧r(nóng)場的對話的教學(xué),通過圖片的描述教學(xué)副詞比較級。
Lesson 14
1. 教學(xué)目標(biāo);
(1)使學(xué)生掌握本課重點(diǎn)詞組和單詞:agree with, in winter, in summer, hear doing, play with.
(2)使學(xué)生掌握形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的用法和句型
Which do you like better, A or B? I like A better than B.
Which do you like best, A, B or C? I like A best.
(3)使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)介紹和比較中美兩國農(nóng)場的差別。
2.教具:Recorder and pictures.
3.教學(xué)過程:
Step 1 Revision
(1)寫出下列單詞的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級形式:High ,bright, interesting, good, beautiful, delicious, fast.
(2)出示圖一:教師根據(jù)圖片進(jìn)行提問:
What kind of sport is it?
Which one is riding faster?
Which one is riding the fastest?
出示圖片二:Who is taller? Who is the tallest in the three?
Which one is running faster?
Which one is running the fastest?
Is the second sport man running quickly?
Who is younger? Who is the youngest?
Which sports do you like better, the cycling or the running?
(3)復(fù)習(xí)第13課的對話,讓學(xué)生回答以下問題:
Where do Ji Wei and Jone live?
What kind of animals are on Ji Wei’s farm?
What kind of work does he do then?
Step 2 Leading - in
Show students pictures of farms in China and America. They talk about the pictures first, then talk about the questions given in pre - reading in small groups. Teacher calls one group to do it as a model.
Step 3 Presentation
Part 1 Pre –read
(1)Show students a picture of a crowded city to teach the word “city” and a picture of countryside to teach “the country”. Draw a tractor on the blackboard and teach the word “tractor”. Ask them where people use that. Help them to say “in the country” or “in the field” or “on the farm”. Imitate the sound and teach the word “bleat”. Use a picture to teach “l(fā)ake” and ask them what people can do in a lake, help them to answer “in summer, we can swim, or go fishing; in winter, We can skate on the ice.”
(2)讓學(xué)生就書上的問題分組進(jìn)行討論。教師可以進(jìn)行巡視指導(dǎo)。
(3)教師檢查一組學(xué)生的討論結(jié)果。
Part 2 Read
(1)Students read the article silently and answer questions
1. What’s the difference between Ji Wei’s farm and John’s farm?
2. Which play does Ji Wei like better, the city or the country? Why?
3. How about John?
4. Who is Cody? Say sth about Cody.
(3)學(xué)生閱讀課文并找出課文中的生詞和難點(diǎn)。教師進(jìn)行講解。
agree with, hear sb doing sth …
(4)教師讓學(xué)生把這兩個(gè)農(nóng)場進(jìn)行比較.總結(jié)相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn).
Chinese farm American farm
Small, grow more rice than American Big, grow more corn than Chinese, have more tractors and machines, have more animals
Step 4 Practice
(1)教師講解句型:
Which do you like better A or B? I like A better than B.
Which do you like best A,B,or C ? I like A best 。
學(xué)生通過例子比較兩個(gè)句型的區(qū)別。一組句型是兩者這比較,另一組句型是三者這相比較。
教師可以出示一些實(shí)物如足球,籃球,排球等或紅白藍(lán)等顏色使用上句型進(jìn)行敘述。
(2)Write the topic “The city or the country” on the blackboard for the students to discuss in pairs. (They may read the dialogue in the book as a model) Encourage students to use dictionaries to help them add new reasons. Point out “l(fā)ots of” means “ a lot of, many.”
(3)教師出示媒體動(dòng)畫,學(xué)生根據(jù)媒體動(dòng)畫對畫面進(jìn)敘述,教師先只讓學(xué)生看字幕和圖,要求學(xué)生自己配上旁白。也可以先讓學(xué)生看一遍內(nèi)容然后再敘述。然后學(xué)生不再看字幕只看畫面進(jìn)行敘述。
Step 5 Exercise
1. Fill in the blanks.
I have a good friend who lives ① the farm.
He has many ② there, dogs, pigs, cows, etc. He uses a ③ to do the farm work , because it works faster and better. He don’t have to ④ the animals because they can find food themselves. He thinks the country is ⑤ (beautiful) than the city. He can hear the birds ⑥ and sheep ⑦ . And he often play ⑧ his dogs.
2. Compare the two farms, and two boys.
Ji Wei’s parents grow ① and ② , John’s parents grow ③ and ④ . Ji Wei likes to sit and looks at the ⑤ and ⑥ . John likes to sit and listens to ⑦ . John’s farm has a ⑧ where he often goes ⑨ in summer and ⑩ in winter.
Answers: 1. ①on ② animals ③ tractor ④feed ⑤ more beautiful ⑥) singing ⑦ bleating ⑧ with
2. ① rice ② wheat ③ corn ④ wheat ⑤blue sky ⑥ the green hills ⑦ the animals ⑧ lake ⑨ fishing ⑩skating
Step 6 Homework
(1)要求學(xué)生完成教科書90頁第一題和第三題。
(2)把課文改編成一個(gè)對話
(3)To write out the article “The city or the country.”
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 14Li Wei’s farm John’s farm
use a tractor Use animals
like to sit and look at… Go fishing…
教案點(diǎn)評:
通過談?wù)撨\(yùn)動(dòng)圖片復(fù)習(xí)副詞比較等級的運(yùn)用,展示圖片引入關(guān)于中美兩國農(nóng)場的比較,讓學(xué)生總結(jié)其特點(diǎn),最后讓學(xué)生談?wù)撍麄儗r(nóng)村和城市的看法。
Lesson 15
Teaching Objectives:
掌握形容詞與副詞的比較級與最高級句型的運(yùn)用。
Language FOCUS:
help sb with sth like doing sth.
Eating too much is bad for you
Properties: Overhead projector, recorder
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Revision
1. To talk about the country life.
2. Revise the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives like interesting, beautiful, etc.
Step 2 Compare
Showing the students the pictures to compare. Saying:
The car goes faster than the bike.
The train goes faster than the car.
The plane goes faster than the train.
So the plane goes fastest of all.
Ask Who works carefully in class? Help the students to answer Jim works carefully. Ask Who works more carefully than Jim? Help the students to answer Kate works more carefully than Jim. Ask Who works the most careful of all? Help the students answer Lucy works the most carefully of all.
Write the model on the blackboard
The car runs faster than the bike.
The train runs faster than the car.
The plane runs the fastest of all
Get some pairs to present their sentences.
Step 3 Practise
Students talk about the farm work they can do, write the jobs on the board “feed the animal, pick corn (wheat, etc), grow corn (wheat, etc)” Then they talk about who can do the most work, use the dialogue in the book as a model.
Give more phrases for them to use “have books” “get home early” “eat much” “run fast” “have a good time”, etc.
Step 4 Read and complete
Students do the exercise themselves and then check the answers
(The answers: older, exciting, beautiful, quickly, better, faster, longer, interesting)
Then explain some words and phrases, point out the comparative and superlative forms of adverbs ending with “l(fā)y” are “more + adverbs” and “most + adverbs”.
Step 5 Exercise in class
Complete the sentences
1. 公共汽車和轎車,哪個(gè)開得快?轎車。
Which goes__________ ______, the car or the bus? The car_______.
2. 所有人當(dāng)中,我摘的玉米最多。
I can pick ________ ________ corns of ______.
3. 她喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)下。
She likes ______ ______ the country.
4. 邁克經(jīng)常讀書到深夜。
Mike often reads ______ ______ ______ ______.
5. 我認(rèn)為住在城市比城鎮(zhèn)有趣得多。
I think ______ in the city is ______ ______ ______ than in the town.
6. 她經(jīng)常幫她阿姨干農(nóng)活。
She often ______ her aunt ______ the farm work.
Answers: 1.more quickly, does 2.the most, all 3.living in 4.until late at night 5.living, much more interesting 6.helps, with/do
Step 6 Homework
1. Preview new lessons.
2. Finish off the workbook exercises.
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 15 more the quickest the earliest The car runs faster than the bike. The train runs faster than the car. The plane runs the fastest of all
教案點(diǎn)評:
本課主要是以學(xué)生練習(xí)為主,通過圖片展示讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行比較等級的訓(xùn)練。
Lesson 16
Teaching Objectives:
掌握比較級的用法;
掌握元音/u: / /u//uE/的發(fā)音。
Language FOCUS:
/u: / u, oo /u/ u, oo, oul /uE/ ure, ua,
What are you going to do after you leave school?
Properties: Tape recorder, pictures
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Revision
Revise the comparison of adverbs.
My mother usually gets up earlier than my father.
My father gets up earlier than I.
So my mother gets up the earliest of all.
Step 2 Spelling and pronunciation
Play the tape for students to listen and repeat, then ask students to practise the pronunciations of these words.
Use flashcards to give more words. Get them to practise the words.
Step 3 Rhyme
Play the tape for students to repeat and recite.
Read the chant together as a class.
Then divide the class into two groups to practise the chant.
Step 4 Listening
Play the tape for the students to listen. First make sure the students understand the meaning of the passage.
Then play the tape again and answer the questions.
Step 5 Word puzzle
First explain the word haystack means a large pile of hay firmly packed for storing.
Then students find out the words in pairs.
Step 6 Reading
Play the tape for the students to listen. Ask What is John going to do after he leaves school?
Students read the text silently and ask them for the main idea of the passage.
Play the tape again and answer the following questions.
1. Where are Ji Wei and John now?
2. What are they talking about?
3. Where did they do just now?
4. What is John going to do after school? After college?
5. What does he want to learn at college?
6. Who is following them?
Explain some difficult point “college, school for higher education”, “each, every” nobody, not anybody, not anyone .
Step 7 Writing
Showing the students the picture of Aunt Peggy’s farm. Get them to look at the picture carefully. First have them talk about the picture. Then have them write one paragraph about the picture individually.
Step 8 Checkpoint
Revise the adjectival and adverbial comparatives and superlatives.
Read the useful expressions.
Step 9 Exercise in class
Complete the words, using the proper words.
Different people have different ideas.
O______ people like life in the country, but y______ people don’t. They think life in the country isn't i ______. They like to go to the c______, have dinner in the r______ and s______ and dance with their friends.
My uncle and my a______ aren't f ______, but they live in the country. They grow f______ and vegetables for f ______. Every morning they will walk r ______ the fields. They can hear b ______ singing and sheep bleating. They often say, “Life in the country is much b______ now.”
Answers: Old, young, interesting, cinema, restaurant, sing, aunt, farmers, fun, round, birds, better.
Step 10 Homework
1. To write out the description of the picture.
2. Write one passage about the city or the farm you live.
3. Finish off the workbook exercises.
The design of the blackboard
Lesson 16 What is John going to do after he leaves school?(Go to college.)
一、教師寄語
A bold attempt is half success.(勇敢的嘗試是成功的一半)
二、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
知識(shí)目標(biāo):
Words:
milk, junk food, health, unhealthy, habit, exercise, most, result, try, different maybe, although,
Phrases:
junk food, as for, on weekends, no students, try to do, look after, kind of
Sentences:
1.But my mother wants me to drink it.
2.She says it’s good for my health
3.I try to eat a lot of vegetables.
4.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
能力目標(biāo):
學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)擄嬍沉?xí)慣。
能了解哪些飲食習(xí)慣是健康的。
能閱讀介紹飲食習(xí)慣方面的文章。學(xué)會(huì)養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣和飲食習(xí)慣。
情感目標(biāo):
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯表述能力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的積極思維,并使學(xué)生互相了解,增進(jìn)友誼,
加強(qiáng)人際交往,以形成良好的人際關(guān)系。
三、教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
區(qū)分How many /how much, health/healthy, different/difference
四、學(xué)習(xí)過程
Step1. Free talk
同桌練習(xí)How often do you ……?及其回答
Step 2.1.Talk about the pictures. Practice the key words.完成1a
2. Pairwork Ask the Ss to show their works and perform it.
Step 3.Listening 完成2a,2b Check the answers
Step 4.合作探究
課文解析. 3a 3b
1.Warm up and Lead in: Say something about your eating habits
Talk about their eating habits.
2. Play the recorder. Listen and read 3a
3. Answer the questions .Try to answer these questions
4. Ask the Ss to sum up the language points Sum up the language points Textbook
5. Read and finish 3b Complete the article
講解:
1.pretty:adj. 漂亮的,美麗的 adv.很,相當(dāng)
2. when:conj. 當(dāng)…的時(shí)候. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句
3. eating habits飲食習(xí)慣
4. try to do sth.盡力做/努力做…. Try doing sth.試圖做….
5. look after 照顧=take care of ,關(guān)注,注重
6. get good grades:得到好的成績
7. help sb. (to) do sth.
8. the same as和…相同
9. different (adj.)- (n.)difference good –better-best
10. although雖然,盡管,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,與though同義,但不能與but 同
時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中,可與still, yet同用。
11. maybe:或許,大概,常放在句首
Step 5. 梳理歸納 Section B 詞組歸納:
1) be good for 對什么有益 2) be bad for對什么有害
3) want to do sth 想做某事 4) want sb to do sth想某人做某事
4) 5)try to do sth 盡量做某事
6) come home from school放學(xué)回家
7) of course = certainly = sure當(dāng)然
8)get good grades取得好成績
9) some advice
10)hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
11) keep/be in good health保持健康
12)pretty healthy 相當(dāng)健康
13) my eating habits 我的飲食習(xí)慣
14)drink milk 喝牛奶
15)so you see 正如你所看到的
16)look after 照顧
17)my healthy lifestyle 我的健康飲食習(xí)慣
18)help sb.do sth 幫助某人做某事
19)the same as 和….一樣
20)be different from 與….不同
Step 6.達(dá)標(biāo)檢測 根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列各句,每空一詞。
1. 做眼保健操對你的眼睛有好處。
Doing eye exercises _______ _______ _______ your eyes.
2. 我們盡量準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里。
We _______ _______ get there on time.
3. 散步有助于保持健康。
Walking helps to keep ______ _______ ________.
4. —你多長時(shí)間看一次電影? —我一個(gè)星期看兩次。
— ______ _______ do you watch TV?
— I watch TV twice a week.
5. 每天運(yùn)動(dòng)對我們的健康有好處。
It’s good for our health ______ _______ every day.
Step7. 完成綜訓(xùn)section B
Step8. 課后反思
我的收獲:
我的不足:
我的疑問:
一、重點(diǎn)短語歸納
go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains去爬山go to the beach去海灘 stay at home待在家里 visit museums 參觀博物館 go to summer camp去參觀夏令營quite a few相當(dāng)多 study for為……而學(xué)習(xí) go out出去 most of the time大部分時(shí)間
taste good嘗起來很好吃 have a good time玩得高興 of course當(dāng)然 feel like給……的感覺;感受到go shopping去購物 in the past在過去 walk around四處走走 because of因?yàn)閛ne bowl of… 一碗…… the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出;查明 go on繼續(xù)take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出來
二、重點(diǎn)句型
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.為某人買某物 taste + adj. 嘗起來…… look+adj. 看起來……
nothing…but+動(dòng)詞原形 除了……之外什么都沒有 seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起來……
arrive in+大地點(diǎn) / arrive at+小地點(diǎn) 到達(dá)某地 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人(不要)做某事
try doing sth.嘗試做某事 / try to do sth.盡力去做某事 decide to do sth.決定去做某事
forget doing sth.忘記做過某事/ forget to do sth.忘記做某事
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.開始做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事 keep doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事
Why not do. sth.?為什么不做……呢? so+adj.+that+從句 如此……以至于……
三、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、考點(diǎn)精講
(一)Section A
1.Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了?(P1)
1)這是有疑問副詞where引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,where用來詢問地點(diǎn)和場所,放在句首,其后跟一般疑問句。
a._____ do you _____ ______?你從哪里來? b._____does he______?他住在哪里?
2)go on vacation意為“去度假”。I want ____ ____ ____ ____in Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。
2.visited my uncle看望了我的叔叔(P1)
visit是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“拜訪;探望”,后接表示人的名詞或代詞。visit還可以意為“參觀;游覽”,后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。
a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆。
b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想______上海嗎?
拓展:1)visit可用作名詞,意為“訪問,參觀,拜訪” eg:This is my first visit to China._________________
2)visitor意為“參觀者;游客”。
eg:These visitors come from America.__________________________
3.buy anthing special買特別的東西。(P2)
1)buy及物動(dòng)詞,意為“買;購買”。其過去式為______。
I takes a lot of money_____ _____a house.買一座房子要花一大筆錢。
拓展:buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.意為“給某人買某物”。
My uncle_____ _____a bike.= My uncle_____ _____for me.
2)anything不定代詞,意為“某事;某件東西”,主要用于疑問句或否定句中。
a.Do you want anything from me? b.I can’t say anything about it.
拓展:anything表示“任何事;任何東西”時(shí),主要用于肯定句。You can ask me anything you want to know.
3) anthing special表示“特別的東西”,形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)后置。
a.Is there_____ _____in this book?這本書里有新的內(nèi)容嗎?
b.Do you want anything else?________________
4.Oh,did you go anywhere interesting?哦,你去有趣的地方了嗎?(P2)
1)本句是did開頭的一般疑問句
2)anywhere用作副詞,意為“在任何地方”。eg:Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation?
辨析:anywhere與somewhere
anywhere意為“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑問句中。eg:I can’t find it anywhere.
somewhere意為“在某處;到某處”,常用于肯定句中。eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.
5.It was wonderful!它太美了?。≒2)
wonderful形容詞,意為“極好的;精彩的;絕妙的”。
a.It is such a wonderful film that we all enjoy it. b.I had a wonderful weekend.
6.We took quite a few photos there.我們在那里拍了不少照片。(P2)
take photo意為“照相;拍照”。 eg:We______ ______on the Great Wall.我們在長城上照了相。
辨析:quite a few與quite a littlequite a few意為“相當(dāng)?shù)?不少”,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);quite a little意為“相當(dāng)?shù)?不少”,修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
a.He will stay here for _____ _____ _____days. b.There is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).
7.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分時(shí)間只是待在家里讀書休息。 (P2)
most of the time意為“大部分時(shí)間”,其中most為代詞,意為“大部分;大多數(shù);大體上”。
a.It’s noisy here most of the time.這兒大部分時(shí)間是很喧鬧的。
b.Most of the time Alan studies hard.艾倫大部分時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)都很刻苦。
拓展:most of…意為“……中的大多數(shù)”,它作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞取決于most of后所修飾的名詞。
a. Most of us_____(be)going to the park.我們大多數(shù)人要去公園。
b. Most of the food_____(go)bad.大部分的食物都變質(zhì)了。
8.Everything tasted really good!所有的東西嘗起來真的很好吃!(P3)
taste在此為系動(dòng)詞,意為“嘗起來”,其后接形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
a.The food tastes really great.食物嘗起來棒極了。
b. b.The milk tasted terrible.牛奶嘗起來很糟糕。
9.Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很開心嗎?(P3)
have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得開心 (+ doing)
eg:We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.
= We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.
= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.
10.How did you like it?你覺得它怎么樣?(P3)
How do/did you like…?意為“你覺得……怎么樣?”,用來詢問對方的觀點(diǎn)或看法,相當(dāng)于
What do you think of…?或How do you feel about…?
eg:How do you like your new job? = _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job?
= _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ your new job?
11.Did you go shopping? 你們?nèi)ベ徫锪藛幔浚≒3)
go shopping意為“去購物;去買東西”,同義短語為do some shopping.
eg:I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去購物。
拓展:“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”,常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)。
go bike riding 騎自行車旅行 go climbing去爬山
go skating去滑冰 go hiking去遠(yuǎn)足
go sightseeing去觀光 go fishing去釣魚 go swimming去游泳 go skateboarding去進(jìn)行滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)
go camping去野營 go surfing去沖浪 go boating去劃船
12.I went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了鄉(xiāng)下一個(gè)朋友的農(nóng)場。(P3)
a friend’s farm是名詞所有格形式。一般情況下,表示“有生命的人或物”的名詞后面加’s,表示所屬關(guān)系。
eg:The red bike is Alice’s.那輛紅色的自行車是愛麗斯的。
拓展:名詞所有格的構(gòu)成:
1)單數(shù)名詞詞尾加“’s”,復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s,也要加“’s”:
the girl ‘s pen女孩的鋼筆 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day
2)復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾的只加“’”: the students’ reading room學(xué)生閱覽室 Teachers’s Day教師節(jié)
3)如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且分別有’s,則表示“分別有”;只后一個(gè)名詞有一個(gè)’s,則表示“共有”:
John’s and Kate’s rooms約翰和凱特(各自)的房間 Lily and Lucy’s father莉莉和露西的爸爸
4)表示無生命的名詞一般與of構(gòu)成短語,表示所有關(guān)系
a map of China一幅中國地圖 the name of the story那個(gè)故事的名字
13.The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read.唯一的問題是晚上除了讀書沒什么事可做。(P3) nothing much to do意為“沒什么事可做”。
a.I have_____ _____ _____ _____this afternoon.今天下午我沒什么特殊的事可做。
b.There is_____ _____ _____ _____,so I go to bed early.沒什么事可做,因此我就早早睡覺了。
拓展:nothing…but…意為“除……之外什么也沒有;只有”。but后可接名詞或動(dòng)詞原形。
a.I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning.我今天早上只喝了杯茶。
b.I had nothing to do but watch TV.我無事可做,只有看電視。
14.Still no one seemed to be bored.(即使這樣)仍然沒有人看起來無聊。(P3)
1)seem可作不及物動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞,意為“好像;似乎;看來”。eg:Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。
拓展:a.seem+adj.“看起來……”。You seem happy today.你今天看起來很高興。
b.seem+to do sth.“似乎,好像做某事”。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。
c.It seems/seemed+從句“看起來好像…;似乎…”。It seems that no one believes you.看起來好像沒有人相信你。
d.seem like…“好像,似乎……”。It seems like a good idea.它好像是個(gè)好主意。
2)辨析:bored與boring
a. bored意為“厭煩的;感到無聊的”,一般在句中修飾人,作表語
b. boring意為“無聊的;令人厭煩的”,一般在句中修飾事或物,可作表語和定語
eg:a.I’m _____with what he said.我對他說的話厭煩極了。b.I find the story very_____.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)故事太無聊了。
(二)Section B
1.What did Lisa say about…?莉薩對……說過什么?(P4) say about意為“發(fā)表對……的看法”。
eg:a.I didn’t say anything about it.我對此事什么也沒說。
b.What did she say about the people there?她對那里的人有什么看法?
2.What activities do you find enjoyable?你發(fā)現(xiàn)什么活動(dòng)讓人快樂?(P5)
1)activities是activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“活動(dòng)”。Students like outdoor activities.___________________
2)enjoyable形容詞,意為“愉快的;快樂的”。
I’m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我確信我們將會(huì)有一個(gè)愉快的假期。
3.I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到達(dá)了馬來西亞的檳城。(P5)
arrive不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“到達(dá)”。arrive in表示到達(dá)較大的地方,如國家、省、市等;arrive at表示到達(dá)較小的地方,如機(jī)場、商店、廣場、村莊等。(注:地點(diǎn)副詞home,here,there前介詞省略)
辨析:arrive at(in) / get to / reach
4. …so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel…….因此我們決定到旅館附近的海灘上去。(P5)
decide及物動(dòng)詞,意為“決定;決心”。decide to do sth.意為“決定去做某事”。
eg:They _____ ______ ______the museum.他們決定去參觀博物館。
拓展:1)decide后常跟“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”做賓語。
He can’t decide when ______ ______(leave)他不能決定何時(shí)動(dòng)身。
2)decide后常跟賓語從句。
I can’t decide where _________. A.I should go. B.should I go.我不能決定我該去哪兒。
5.My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我嘗試了滑翔傘運(yùn)動(dòng)。(P5)
try此處用作及物動(dòng)詞,其后常接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式,意為“嘗試;試圖,設(shè)法;努力”She is trying my bicycle.她正在試騎我的自行車。
拓展:1)try也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“嘗試;努力”。
I don’t think I can do it,but I’ll try.我認(rèn)為我做不了它,但是我要嘗試一下。
2)try也可用作名詞,意為“嘗試”,常用短語“have a try”,意為“試一試”。
I’m going to have a try.我想試一試。
辨析:try doing sth. / try to do sth.
eg:1)try doing sth.嘗試做某事,表示一種嘗試、做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。
2)try to do sth.盡力、設(shè)法去做某事,表示想盡一切辦法要把事情辦成,強(qiáng)調(diào)付出一定的努力設(shè)法去完成。
a.I______ ______him,but no one answered.我試著給他打電話了,但沒有人接聽。
b.I’m ______ ______ ______English well.我正盡力把英語學(xué)好。
6.I felt like I was a bird.It was so exciting!我感覺自己就像一只小鳥。太刺激了?。≒5)
1)feel like意為“給……的感覺;感受到”。其后常接從句。
eg:a.I feel like (that)I have never been there before.我感覺我以前從未到過那兒。
b.He feels like he is swimming .他感覺像在游泳一樣。
拓展:feel like還可意為“想要……”,其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
a.Do you feel like a cup of tea now?你現(xiàn)在想喝杯茶嗎?
b.Do yoou feel like______(take) a walk in the park with me?你想跟我在公園散步嗎?
2)辨析:exciting與excited
exciting意為“令人興奮的,使人激動(dòng)的”,可作定語和表語,作表語時(shí)主語通常為物。
excited意為“感到興奮的,激動(dòng)的”,常作表語,主語通常為人。
a.The story is_________(exciting, excited) b.He told me the_______(exciting, excited)news.
c.Sarah was_______(exciting, excited)to see the singer.
7.There are a lot of new buildings now…現(xiàn)在有許多新的建筑物……(P5)
building可數(shù)名詞,意為“建筑物;樓房”。build動(dòng)詞,“建造,建筑”(built,built),
builder名詞,建設(shè)者,建筑者。
8.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在這兒過去的生活是什么樣的。(P5)
wonder此處是及物動(dòng)詞,意為“想知道;琢磨”。其后常接who,what,why等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
I wonder_______________. A.the boy is who B.who is the boy 我想知道那個(gè)男孩是誰
I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了。
9.I really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很喜歡在鎮(zhèn)上到處走走。(P5)
1)enjoy及物動(dòng)詞,意為“喜愛;欣賞;享受……的樂趣”,其后接名詞,代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。
a.Do you enjoy your job?你喜歡你的工作嗎》 b.I enjoy reading books.我喜歡讀書。(enjoy doing喜歡做某事)
拓展: enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得開心 (+ doing)
2)walk around意為“四處走走”。He’s just walking around the village.他只是在村莊里隨便走走。
10.What a difference a day makes!一天的變化有多大呀!(P5)
1)本句是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句,結(jié)構(gòu)為:What+a/an(+adj.)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!此句式所強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是what后面的名詞。what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)還有What(+adj.)+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!
eg:What fun today is!今天多開心呀! What beautiful flowers they are!多么漂亮的花??!
2)difference可數(shù)名詞,意為“差別,差異”,其形容詞形式為different,意為“不同的;有差異的”。
a.What is the difference between this book and that book?
b.My schoolbag is different from yours. (be different from意為“與……不同”)
11.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it started raining a little so we decided take the train.(P5)
1)want to do sth.意為“想要做某事”。
2)start doing sth.意為“開始做某事”,同義短語:start to do sth.
拓展:作“開始”講時(shí),start與begin兩者可互換,但以下幾種情況只能用start,不用begin。
a.表示“創(chuàng)辦;開辦”時(shí)。He started a new bookshop last month.他上個(gè)月新開了一家書店。
b.表示“機(jī)器開動(dòng)”時(shí)。I can’t start my car.我不能啟動(dòng)我的車了。
c.表示“出發(fā);動(dòng)身”時(shí)。I will start tomorrow morning.我會(huì)在明天一早出發(fā)。
3)a little副詞短語,意為“一點(diǎn)兒”,在句中修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞。也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
a.I can draw a little,but only as a hobby.______________________________
b.It’s a little cold outside. ______________________________
c.He said he spoke a little English. ______________________________
4)take the train意為“乘火車”,take在此意為“乘坐”。
12.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.因?yàn)槿颂?,所以我們等了一個(gè)多小時(shí)的火車。(P5)
1)wait for意為“等候”,其后可接人或物。
a.I’ll wait for you at the door. b.Tom was waiting for a bus over there.
2)over介詞,意為“多于;超過;在……以上(表示數(shù)目、程度)”,相當(dāng)于more than。
a.My father is over 40 years old. b.There are over eight hundred students in our school.
拓展:a.over表示“在……之上”,與物體垂直且不接觸,反義詞為under。There is a map over the blackboard.
b. over表示“通過”。I hear the news over the radio.
c. over表示“遍及”。I want to travel all over the world.
3)too many意為“太多”,其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。He always has too many questions to ask me.
辨析:too many,too much與much too
13.And because of the bad weather,we couldn’t see anything below.而且因?yàn)閴奶鞖?,我們也沒能看到下面的任何景色(P5)
1)辨析:because of與because
a.because of介詞短語,意為“因?yàn)椋捎凇?,后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞,不能接句子。
He lost his job because of his age.
b. because連詞,意為“因?yàn)椤?,引?dǎo)狀語從句,表示直接明確的原因或理由。I didn’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive .
2)below在此為副詞,意為“在下面;到下面”。
Please write your name below. From the top of the mountain I could see the village below.
拓展:below作介詞時(shí)的用法:below作介詞時(shí),意為“在……以下;低于”。反義詞為above,意為“超過在……以上”。It was five below zero last night.
14.My father didn’t bring enough money…我爸爸沒帶足夠的錢……(P5)
1)辨析:bring與take
bring意為“帶來;拿來”,指從別處帶到說話者所在地;take意為“拿走;帶走”,指從說話者所在地帶到別處去。
2)enough在此作形容詞,意為“足夠的,充分的”,作定語修飾名詞。另外,還可以作副詞,意為“足夠地,充分地”,用來修飾形容詞或副詞,一般置于被修飾詞之后。
a.We have enough time to do our homework. b.I know him well enough.我最他足夠熟悉。
15.Well,but the next day was not as good.嗯,但是第二天卻沒有這么好了。(P6)
as在此為副詞,意為“像……一樣;如同”,用來表示程度。
a.Lily sings as well as a singer.莉莉歌唱得跟歌唱家一樣好。
b.Tom plays soccer well,but I play just as well.湯姆踢足球不錯(cuò),但我踢得也一樣好。
拓展:as的其他用法:
a.作介詞,表示“作為;當(dāng)作”。He worked as a teacher for 10 years.他當(dāng)過10年的老師。
b.作連詞,意為“像;按照”。You must do everything as I told you.你必須按照我告訴你的那樣去做。
c.作連詞,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。As the students were talking, came in.當(dāng)學(xué)生們在說話時(shí),王老師進(jìn)來了。
16. …because we forgot to bring an umbrella…….因?yàn)槲覀兺藥в陚恪#≒6)
辨析:forget to do sth.與forget doing sth. forgetful,意為“健忘的”
forget to do sth.意為“忘記要做某事(事情還沒做) eg:Don’t forget to close the window.
forget doing sth.意為“忘記做過某事(事情已經(jīng)做過了) eg:I forget closing the window.
forget的反義詞remember“想起;記得”
remember to do“_______________”;remember doing“_______________”。
17.About one hour later,we stopped and drank some tea.大約一小時(shí)后,我們停下來喝了些茶。(P6)
1)one hour later一小時(shí)后 ; 一小時(shí)前__________________
2)stop動(dòng)詞,意為“停止;中斷”,過去式_________,現(xiàn)在分詞__________;其后跟名詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式。
3)drink及物動(dòng)詞,意為“喝;飲”;還可以作名詞,意為“飲料”。
18.Did you dislike anything?你不喜歡什么東西嗎?(P7)
dislike意為“不喜歡;厭惡”,其后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。同義詞是hate.
a.Mary ______ the hamburgers.瑪麗不喜歡漢堡包。 b.I _____ ______ computer 我不喜歡玩電腦游戲。
19.Why not?為什么不帶呀?(P8)
why not意為“為什么不呢”,一般用在疑問句中,表示提建議;why not后面需跟動(dòng)詞原形。
注:“Why not + 動(dòng)詞原形?” 相當(dāng)于“Why don’t you+ 動(dòng)詞原形?”
a.Why not go to the party with me? =Why don’t you go to the party with me?為什么不和我一起去參加聚會(huì)呢?
b._____ _____take a walk? = _____ ______ _____ take a walk? 為什么不去散步呢?
20.Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我們班上的每一個(gè)人都隨身帶了裝有食物和水的提袋。(P8)
with介詞,意為“具有;帶有”。此處介詞短語with some food and water作bag的后置定語。
拓展:with作介詞時(shí)的其他用法:
a.和……在一起,I often go to school ______ my friend.我經(jīng)常和朋友們一起去上學(xué)。
b.以(手段、材料),用(工具), Cut the apple with a knife.用刀切蘋果。
21.My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的雙腿太累了以至于我都想停下來。(P8)
so…that…/ such…that…(如此…以致)引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句
so+adj./adv.+that so+adj.+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that
such+(adj.)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+that such+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)名詞+that
注:1)當(dāng)名詞前面有many,much,little,few修飾時(shí),用so而不用such。2)so…that句型的否定形式可用簡單句too…to或not…enough to代替。3)so that(以便,為了)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,從句謂語中常含有may,might,can,could,will,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
拓展:常用的感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu):
1)What+adj.+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語! 2)What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語!
3)How+adj. +a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語! 4)How+adj./adv. +主語+謂語! 5)How +主語+謂語!
eg: What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本書多么有趣啊!
( )1.He is ____a lovely boy____we love him very much.
A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so,that
( )2. He is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much.
A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so,that
( )3. He is ____young____go to school.
A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so,that
( )4. He is ____young____he can’t go to school.
A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so,that
( )5.He gets up early every morning____he can catch the bus.
A.such that B.even if C.because D.so that
( )6. He run____fast____his brother can’t catch up with him.
A.such,that B.too,to C.as,as D.so,that
( )7.We have____much time_____we can finish the work very well.
A.such ,that B./,even if C. so ,that D./,because
( )8.I received _____becautiful flowers_____I can’t believe it.
A.too,to B. such ,that C. so,that D. as,as
( )9._____a clever girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where
( )10. _____clever a girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where
( )11._____important jobs they have done! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where
( )12._____sweet water it is! A.Who B. What C. Where D. How
( )13._____interesting the dog is! A.Who B. What C. Where D. How
( )14._____time flies! A.Who B. How C. Where D. What
22.My classmates told me to keep going,so I went on.我的同學(xué)告訴我堅(jiān)持往前走,因此我便繼續(xù)前進(jìn)了(P8)
1)tell sb. (not)to do sth.意為“告訴某人(不要)做某事。
The teacher______ ______ ______ ______the window.老師告訴我們擦窗戶。
2)keep doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事,一直做某事”。
She______ ______TV for two hours last night.昨晚她看了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視。
23.Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.大家都興奮地跳起來。(P8)
1)jump在此為及物動(dòng)詞,意為“跳躍”。
拓展:與jump相關(guān)的短語:
jump into跳入 jump off跳離 jump over跳過 jump out of跳出
2)up and down意為“上上下下;來來往往”,在句中作狀語。
They looked me ______ ______ ______他們上上下下打量我。
He walks______ ______ ______the room.他在房間里來回走動(dòng)。
24.Twenty minutes later,the sun started to come up.20分鐘后,太陽開始升起來了。(P8)
come up意為“出現(xiàn);發(fā)生”。 It gets hot after the sun has come up.太陽升起后,天氣就熱了。
Please let me know if anything comes up.如果發(fā)生什么事的話,請讓我知道。
四、單元語法:
(一)復(fù)合不定代詞(由some,any,no,every加上-one,-body,-thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞)
(二)一般過去時(shí)的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞與不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
語法練習(xí):
1.---Do you have______to say for yourself? ---No,I have______to say.
A.something;everything B.nothing;something C.everything;anything D.anything;nothing
2.---Would you like_______to eat? ---Thanks,please. A. something B. anything C. some things D.any things
3.Paul and I______tennis yesterday.He did much better than I. A.play B.will play C.played D.are playing
4.---What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China? ed s C.is working D.will work
5.He went into his room and ______to work. A.begins B.began C.beginning D.to begin
一、單選題
( )1.I don’t want to go to the museum,it’s too_______. A.relaxing B.boring C.bored D.beautiful
( )2. On weekends,I have nothing to do but______TV. A.watches B.to watch C. watching D. watch
( )3.I didn’t go to the mountains______the bad weather. A.so B.because of C.because D.but
( )4.Do you enjoy______photos? A.to take B.take C.taking D.takes
( )5.Yesterday afternoon,we______to the park. A.went B.go C.goes D.goed
( )6.It’s cold,so we decided______at home. A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayed
( )7.Don’t forget______your homework tomorrow. A.bring B.to bring C.brought D.bringing
( )8.She didn’t______me about it. A.told B.tell C.telling D.tells
( )9.-- ---How was your summer camp in Beijing last year? -
--______.I had a good time with my friends. A.Awful B.Great C.Expensive D.Not good
( )10-Where______ she ______on vacation? ---She visited her uncle.
A.did;go B.does;go C.did;went D.does;went.
二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.I did my homework yesterday.(改為否定句) I_____ ______my homework yesterday.
2.She went to New York on vacation.(就劃線部分提問) _______did she______on vacation?
3.Vera visited the Great Wall last Sunday.(改為一般疑問句)
______ Vera_____ the Great Wall last Sunday?
4. The students had great fun in the park.(改為同義句)
5. The students______ ______ ______ ______ in the park.He was there at this time yesterday. (改為一般疑問句) ______ he_____ at this time yesterday?
三、書面表達(dá)My vacation文章來
第一單元 相親相愛一家人
第一課 愛在屋檐下
第一框:我知我家
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):愛自己的家、熱愛父母的情感和厭惡不孝行經(jīng)的情感。
能力目標(biāo):認(rèn)識(shí)自己家庭的能力。
知識(shí)目標(biāo):了解家庭的一般概況;家庭關(guān)系的確立;子女與父母的關(guān)系不可選擇;了解父母的特點(diǎn);家人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。
重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn):子女與父母的關(guān)系不可選擇
教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備
和父母一起回憶在你們的家庭生活經(jīng)歷中,印象最深的一件事(如生病、惹禍、比賽成功等)是什么?父母當(dāng)時(shí)是怎么做的?
教學(xué)過程
[導(dǎo)語]有了泥土,嫩芽才會(huì)長大;有了陽光,春芽才會(huì)開花;我們每個(gè)人的成長都離不開我們的家。當(dāng)我們還在媽媽肚子里的時(shí)候,愛我們的爸爸、媽媽、爺爺、奶奶就開始為我們繪制宏偉的藍(lán)圖,編制美麗的理想甚至為我們早早起好了名字。
有沒有同學(xué)愿意為大家介紹一下你們名字的含義呀?(請2—3名同學(xué)介紹。)
一、“什么是家呢?”
簡簡單單的名字,寄予了家長深切的愛。我們從出生那一刻起,就被家的溫暖所包圍。
[情景故事]教材P4兩則故事說:“那……不是我的房子” “我又有家了”。那么“家到底是什么?”
二、體驗(yàn)活動(dòng): “家”的遐想 /我眼中到的家。(并請說明理由)
[小結(jié)]家是溫暖的避風(fēng)港;是一片藍(lán)天;是一把傘……
三、“畫”家
A 爸爸、媽媽、哥哥、小松
b 爺爺、奶奶、爸爸、媽媽、小蘭
c 爸爸、小剛
d 爸爸、媽媽、小浩、叔叔、嬸嬸
——我們有不同的家庭結(jié)構(gòu):大致有核心家庭,主干家庭,單親家庭,聯(lián)合家庭等。
[知識(shí)拓展]家庭是有婚姻關(guān)系、血緣關(guān)系或收養(yǎng)關(guān)系結(jié)合成的親屬生活組織。家里有親人,家中有親情。家庭關(guān)系的確立也有多種情形,依照法定條件和程序結(jié)婚組成的新家庭;因生育導(dǎo)致的血緣關(guān)系結(jié)合的家庭;依照法定條件和程序收養(yǎng)而組成的家庭;隨父母再婚組成的新家庭。不同的家庭關(guān)系,促成了不同的家庭結(jié)構(gòu)。
——父母賺錢不容易:為了撐起一個(gè)幸福、溫馨的家庭,爸爸媽媽努力工作。你知道爸爸媽媽具體從事的工作嗎?他們工作中有什么困難和委屈嗎?他們回家后還要干什么?
——父母養(yǎng)育我們不容易:爸爸媽媽為了我們,一方面努力工作,一方面對我們的成長無時(shí)不刻傾注著他們對兒女的愛。你能說說爸爸媽媽在你成長道路上付出的愛嗎?
四、實(shí)話實(shí)說:喜歡“選擇什么樣的父母”?
A、小冰早就想買一個(gè)新款MP3了,媽媽說家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)不寬余,一定要買的話就看期末考試有沒有進(jìn)步。
B、小亮是一個(gè)很調(diào)皮的男生,這次在學(xué)校不小心打破一塊玻璃,要賠償人民幣15元??墒切∷母改竸偮犃艘粋€(gè)開頭,便不高興了,拿起皮鞭打了他一頓。
C、小寧生活在一個(gè)十分優(yōu)越的家庭。怕起早,每天爸爸開車送她去學(xué)校;嫌菜差,每天保姆送飯來學(xué)校;穿的是名牌,用的是精品;媽媽還告訴她學(xué)校的值周勞動(dòng)最好不要參加。
D、……
五、小結(jié):父母給予我們生命,這種天然生成的最自然的親情,是無法選擇、無法改變的。
六、作業(yè):介紹我家的好品質(zhì)、好家風(fēng)。
第二框:我愛我家(一課時(shí))
知識(shí)目標(biāo):體會(huì)家庭中親情的溫暖,明白撫養(yǎng)和教育子女是父母的道德和法律義務(wù),而父母也理應(yīng)受到子女的孝敬。
能力目標(biāo):辨證看待家庭中父母與子女權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的能力;收集父母為家庭作貢獻(xiàn)的具體事例的能力,感受家庭親情的能力。
情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):感受父母對自己的愛心和撫育,尊重父母的勞動(dòng)和情感,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生權(quán)利與義務(wù)的意識(shí),承擔(dān)起自己的對家庭的責(zé)任。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):感受家庭的溫暖。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):擔(dān)負(fù)起自己的責(zé)任,與家人一起營造溫馨的家。
教學(xué)過程:
【新課導(dǎo)入】
在一個(gè)小生命還醞釀在母體的時(shí)候,已經(jīng)傾注了家人對他的關(guān)愛,那就是他的名字。請學(xué)生說說他們的名字的用意。以此來體會(huì)家人的期待和關(guān)愛。
一.愛的回憶
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:先讓學(xué)生回憶小時(shí)候受父母呵護(hù)的甜蜜時(shí)光,并把自己的童趣講給同學(xué)聽。再設(shè)問:在你的家庭中,有沒有發(fā)生過令你感動(dòng)的事?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這一活動(dòng)的目的在于讓學(xué)生通過回憶,感受家庭的溫馨,感受父母對自己的呵護(hù)。
教師行為:開展這一活動(dòng),一要注意正面引導(dǎo),防止學(xué)生討論親子矛盾,而要著重引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感受父母的愛;二要注意辨證地看待這些事,因?yàn)樵S多家長對子女愛護(hù)有余,嚴(yán)格要求不足,所以要對學(xué)生反映出來的問題作具體分析。
二.無悔的愛
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:讓學(xué)生填寫表格,即“在你家,下列事情通常由誰來做?”另外,討論兩個(gè)問題:“說說自己家中貢獻(xiàn)最大的人是誰,要說出具體理由”和“夸夸自己的父母,并講給同學(xué)聽”。
教師行為:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),一要讓學(xué)生根據(jù)家庭情況如實(shí)填寫,通過填寫體會(huì)父母的貢獻(xiàn);二要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在家做力所能及的事,滲透在家盡責(zé)的教育;三是說說家人的貢獻(xiàn),包括物質(zhì)方面的,也包括良好道德、優(yōu)秀思想方面的精神貢獻(xiàn);四是找父母的優(yōu)點(diǎn),夸夸自己的父母。
教學(xué)建議:開展這一活動(dòng),可以不限于教材表格中所列的項(xiàng)目,由學(xué)生根據(jù)實(shí)際情況填寫。家中的事,凡學(xué)生能做的,要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生做,這既能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能力,又能陶冶學(xué)生情操,而且有助于增進(jìn)學(xué)生與父母的親情,與父母更好地溝通。在學(xué)生的討論中,可以講“大”的事情,也可以講感人的具體事例,有些小事反而更能體現(xiàn)父母的一片苦心,容易感動(dòng)人。在活動(dòng)中,要注意家庭有缺陷的學(xué)生的反應(yīng),防止傷害這些學(xué)生。
三.愛的低訴:
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:給學(xué)生足夠的時(shí)間寫一段他對母愛或父愛的認(rèn)識(shí),交流自己對這種愛曾經(jīng)的誤會(huì)或曾經(jīng)的感動(dòng)。
教師行為:呈現(xiàn)兩個(gè)關(guān)于母親的故事(見附錄),并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用心感悟他對母愛或父愛的認(rèn)識(shí),并將優(yōu)秀作品展示給全班同學(xué)。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這一活動(dòng)意在讓學(xué)生體會(huì)原來未曾注意的東西,也是豐富學(xué)生情感、促進(jìn)其良知發(fā)展的重要環(huán)節(jié)。有的老師說,現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生不知感恩,不被感動(dòng),認(rèn)為父母對自己所做的一切都是理所當(dāng)然的。原因之一是我們的教育忽略了學(xué)生的體驗(yàn),缺乏正確有效的引導(dǎo)。有的學(xué)生對家長不滿甚至看不起父母,也與他們?nèi)狈Ω改傅睦斫猓粫?huì)感受或感受不到親情呵護(hù)有關(guān)。因此,要通過這一活動(dòng),讓同齡人自己教育自己,在輕松的氛圍中深切感悟在家庭中獲得的愛。
教學(xué)建議:開展這一活動(dòng),老師要善于引導(dǎo),可以用具體事例來啟發(fā);要注意以情感人,烘托出良好氛圍;不必面面俱到,只要發(fā)動(dòng)學(xué)生積極地說、積極地體驗(yàn)就行了;要有意識(shí)地從父母的良苦用心、子女的責(zé)任兩個(gè)方面來啟發(fā),突出正面教育的效果。如果有學(xué)生從反面沖突來講,要注意剖析分析的本意和期望,剖析其中所蘊(yùn)涵的愛,把學(xué)生引導(dǎo)到愛父母、愛家庭上來。
四.愛的告白:
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:讓學(xué)生給父母寫寄言,即在感激父母撫育、理解父母心情的基礎(chǔ)上,寫幾句話并交給父母,表達(dá)自己對父母的心情。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:設(shè)計(jì)這一活動(dòng),在于讓學(xué)生與父母心靈碰撞,表達(dá)自己對父母的感激之情,表達(dá)自己對父母的責(zé)任和決心。
教師行為:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),第一步,可以讓學(xué)生寫父母的優(yōu)點(diǎn)長處,也可以讓學(xué)生寫父母對自己的呵護(hù)和期望,還可以讓學(xué)生寫自己的感受和決心。第二步,在同學(xué)中互相交流,互相感染啟發(fā)。第三步,把自己所寫的交給父母,與父母溝通互動(dòng)。
教學(xué)建議:在這一活動(dòng)中,要注意展示學(xué)生的才氣,如讓他們寫詩歌、散文等形式來寫。要強(qiáng)調(diào)寫出自己的情感體驗(yàn),避免說空話,避免應(yīng)付。要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把情感和意志結(jié)合起來,即要把自己的決心和打算反映出來。這件事是一個(gè)學(xué)生與家長的互動(dòng)過程,要注意發(fā)揮家長的作用,如將學(xué)生的感受反饋給家長,有條件的可以讓家長也給學(xué)生寫寄言,在互動(dòng)中加強(qiáng)對學(xué)生的教育。
五.愛的成長:
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:討論:當(dāng)你們的父母發(fā)生了矛盾,你是怎樣做的?若父母一方或雙方下崗怎么辦?為了使你的家庭更美滿,你還應(yīng)做些什么?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體驗(yàn)溫馨的家庭需要全家人的齊心協(xié)力。
第三框:難報(bào)三春暉(一課時(shí))
知識(shí)目標(biāo):孝敬父母長輩是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德;不孝敬父母長輩要受道德的譴責(zé),要承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任;孝敬父母長輩體現(xiàn)在日常生活的方方面面。
能力目標(biāo):辨證分析孝敬父母好處與不孝之壞處的能力,辨別具體行為是否屬于孝的能力;孝親敬長的具體行為實(shí)踐能力。
情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):厭惡不孝行徑的情感;體驗(yàn)盡孝后的快樂;樹立家庭中的正確的是非觀念,增強(qiáng)履行家庭義務(wù)的責(zé)任觀念。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):如何孝敬父母。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):孝敬父母的道德和法律基礎(chǔ),防止愚孝。
教學(xué)過程:
一.愛灑心間
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:出示材料:一封別樣的信(見附錄),引導(dǎo)思考:你能讀懂母親這樣做的良苦用心嗎?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:一是設(shè)置懸念,激發(fā)興趣;二是與教材中的故事有異曲同工之效。
教師行為:引導(dǎo)相互交流并分享自己感受到的父母的愛。
二.愛的回報(bào)
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:小組競賽,孝親故事知多少?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從“孝親”的典例中感受榜樣的力量,為自己“孝親”行為提供借鑒。
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:討論:“你平時(shí)是怎樣孝敬父母的?你認(rèn)為孝敬父母應(yīng)該表現(xiàn)在哪些方面?”“把自己盡孝后的感受談出來與大家分享?!?/p>
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:讓學(xué)生交流自己孝敬父母的做法和收獲,達(dá)到同齡人互相教育、啟發(fā)、感染的效果。
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:討論,遇到下列情形該怎么辦:
⑴父母只要我讀好書,我該怎么辦?
⑵父母不讓我做家務(wù),該怎么辦?
⑶外出時(shí)應(yīng)對父母說什么?
⑷父母生病了,該怎么辦?
⑸當(dāng)父母勞累一天下班回家,我該做些什么?
⑹當(dāng)父母煩惱時(shí),我該怎么做?
⑺作業(yè)未完成被老師留下來而遲歸,我該怎么面對父母?
⑻成績沒考時(shí),該如何面對父母?
⑼我想買電腦,父母認(rèn)為我控制能力不強(qiáng)而不贊成,我該怎么辦?
⑽朋友來訪,但父母不喜歡,該怎么做?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:設(shè)計(jì)這一活動(dòng),主要目的在于讓學(xué)生把孝敬父母落實(shí)到自己的實(shí)際行動(dòng)上。孝敬父母表現(xiàn)于日常生活的各個(gè)方面,甚至在與父母交往的任何活動(dòng)中,都有孝與不孝的問題。通過這一活動(dòng),可以把學(xué)生孝敬父母的心意、表現(xiàn)與行為選擇結(jié)合起來,提高教育的實(shí)效性。
教學(xué)建議:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),可以就教材所給材料進(jìn)行討論,通過分析、選擇來判斷是與非,進(jìn)而明確應(yīng)該如何對待父母。需要說明的是,這些題目都是開放性的,有許多可以辨析之處,關(guān)鍵是幫助學(xué)生樹立為父母著想的觀念,找出孝與不孝的出發(fā)點(diǎn)的不同。比如,成績要不要告訴父母,本身很復(fù)雜。就學(xué)生的權(quán)利而言,不告訴并不一定錯(cuò)。但如果從愛父母、孝敬父母出發(fā),可以用不同的方式與父母溝通,這對學(xué)生自己也有利。如果從怕批評、防父母出發(fā),與父母有情感上的隔閡,就處理不好這件事。中國有句古話“百事孝為先,論心不論事,論事無孝子”。
教師行為:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),首先要表揚(yáng)孝敬父母的好人好事。如果老師知道一些,也可以先表揚(yáng),再引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己談。其次,讓學(xué)生談自己孝敬父母的具體做法,并注意將孝的各個(gè)方面的表現(xiàn)予以歸類。再次,讓學(xué)生談盡孝后的感受。盡孝需要付出,但得到的是甜蜜。讓學(xué)生在比較中選擇孝行,是把教育落到實(shí)處的最好策略。也就是說,這種道德規(guī)范不是由外界強(qiáng)加的,而是學(xué)生自己的主動(dòng)選擇。
三.愛的反思:
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:仔細(xì)閱讀漫畫,回答下列問題:圖中“孝子”的言行反映了什么現(xiàn)象?你對此持什么態(tài)度?為什么?日常生活中你是否也有過類似的行為?如果有,你將如何改進(jìn)?
教師行為:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考:自己曾有過不善待父母的事嗎?你當(dāng)時(shí)是怎么想的?發(fā)生了怎樣的后果?現(xiàn)在你對這件事又是怎樣想的?如果你當(dāng)時(shí)按你現(xiàn)在的想法去做,設(shè)想一下結(jié)果又會(huì)是怎樣?這一活動(dòng)先在小組內(nèi)交流,然后再進(jìn)行全班交流。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這個(gè)活動(dòng)主要通過學(xué)生的回憶和反省,來體會(huì)父母對子女深沉、無私的愛,同時(shí),意識(shí)到自己對父母付出太少,從而增強(qiáng)同學(xué)的責(zé)任意識(shí),和為父母、為家庭付出的主動(dòng)意識(shí)。
四.愛的傳遞
教師行為:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回憶2004年春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)小品“糧票的故事”。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:體驗(yàn)孝敬父母不僅是物質(zhì)上的扶助,更應(yīng)是精神上的關(guān)愛;不僅要孝敬我們的父母,還應(yīng)孝敬爺爺奶奶、外公外婆等長輩,及至“老吾老,以及人之老”。
第二課 我與父母交朋友
第一框 嚴(yán)也是一種愛(兩課時(shí))
知識(shí)目標(biāo):通過案例的分析討論及活動(dòng)的體驗(yàn)探究,幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)什么是代溝,代溝的表現(xiàn)和形成原因,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到逆反心理的危害,同時(shí)讓學(xué)生明白通過親子雙方的努力,代溝是可以填平的。
能力目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己的自知能力和正確理解家長心情的知人能力;對代溝產(chǎn)生的原因的分析能力;對逆反心理的辨證分析能力,增強(qiáng)促進(jìn)自我成長的責(zé)任意識(shí)。
情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):對父母親人的愛;對自己正確行為的贊賞,對錯(cuò)誤行為的后悔和恥辱;體會(huì)父母對自己的心情和期待,正確對待父母教育的情感;堅(jiān)持正確的看法和行為,丟掉不良思想行為的態(tài)度。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):正確看待父母對自己的關(guān)愛和教育。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):代溝的產(chǎn)生及逆反心理的危害。
第一課時(shí) 成長也會(huì)有煩惱
課前準(zhǔn)備:課前先通過班主任了解班級學(xué)生基本的家庭關(guān)系,記錄特殊家庭的學(xué)生、與父母關(guān)系緊張的學(xué)生等,以便在活動(dòng)中給予更多的關(guān)注。同時(shí)還可以記錄家庭關(guān)系良好的學(xué)生,以便于有意識(shí)地讓他們在活動(dòng)中充分發(fā)揮作用,給其他同學(xué)提供好的建議。
教學(xué)過程
一、成長的煩惱
1.同齡人的心聲(見附錄)
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:引導(dǎo)思考,同學(xué)們有過類似的煩惱嗎?請舉幾例。為什么原來和諧親密的親子關(guān)系,現(xiàn)在變得格格不入?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:設(shè)置學(xué)生身邊發(fā)生的事件場景,勾勒出“生活畫面”,以增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的認(rèn)同感。同時(shí)對同伴的了解有助于學(xué)生糾正認(rèn)知偏差,緩解心理壓力。如一些學(xué)生可能本來對自己的親子關(guān)系很不滿意,但他可能抱怨自己父親不好。通過這一了解發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人也跟他差不多,知道這種現(xiàn)象是青春期孩子的共性,他對父母的不滿情緒就會(huì)降低。
教師行為:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),可以先讓學(xué)生認(rèn)可教材上的材料,即學(xué)生身邊的事,是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事,是每個(gè)學(xué)生都可能遇到的事。然后可以讓學(xué)生補(bǔ)充相近的材料,意在讓學(xué)生參與,介入到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活情景之中。再讓學(xué)生討論分析原因,從中體會(huì)父母的期望、立場、態(tài)度、心思,通過這些分析體會(huì)父母的愛。最后,讓學(xué)生思考解決這些問題的辦法,這樣可以讓學(xué)生自己教育自己。
教學(xué)建議:開展這一活動(dòng),重在發(fā)揮其導(dǎo)向的功能,并不是要通過這一活動(dòng)解決全部問題,因而要注意達(dá)成有限目標(biāo),要在努力方向上引導(dǎo)。要注意讓學(xué)生站在不同立場上思考問題,即會(huì)與父母換位思考,尤其要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)父母嚴(yán)要求中蘊(yùn)涵的愛心和期待。
2.苦惱的不只是我們(見附錄:一份雜志上的兩封信)
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:分析成長中為什么會(huì)產(chǎn)生這些煩惱?通過比較兩代人的不同,分析造成隔閡的原因。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:設(shè)計(jì)這一活動(dòng),首先在于讓學(xué)生站在父母的角度看問題,這樣對父母的正確做法更容易接受,不當(dāng)之處也更容易理解和寬容。其次,通過比較,讓學(xué)生對自己有個(gè)再認(rèn)識(shí)。青春期的初中學(xué)生容易走極端,看問題容易片面。通過這一活動(dòng),可以幫助學(xué)生審視自己,從自己方面找原因,促進(jìn)心理的成熟和處事方法的掌握。還有,比較方法是學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)事物的重要方法,這一活動(dòng)可以讓學(xué)生在探究中獲得終身受益的方法,以增強(qiáng)其能力。
教師行為:第一步,讓學(xué)生分析,找出與父母的差別;第二步,探討這些差別會(huì)造成哪些交往中的障礙;第三步,讓學(xué)生評價(jià)矛盾的性質(zhì)(愛與期待中的矛盾),不能夸大這些矛盾;第四步,體會(huì)矛盾之中包含的父母的愛心和期待。鑒于比較兩代人涉及許多內(nèi)容,先為學(xué)生提供可比較的角度:
教學(xué)建議:開展這一活動(dòng),老師需要把握好度,即不能搞得太寬太多,因?yàn)檫@只是思想品德課教學(xué)的鋪墊,而不是教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)。二是要滲透辨證觀點(diǎn)的教育,即比較中分析并全面地看問題,分別看到兩代人的利與弊。三是注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生理解父母對子女的心情。這是體諒父母苦心的關(guān)鍵,也是我們對學(xué)生進(jìn)行思想品德教育的重點(diǎn)。
二、成長不煩惱:
1.閱讀感悟:其實(shí)你只有8%的煩惱
出示材料:有人做了這樣一個(gè)心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn):要求實(shí)驗(yàn)者把未來7天所預(yù)料的煩惱事情寫下來,投入“煩惱箱”。在過后第三周,打開“煩惱箱”,每個(gè)人核對“煩惱箱”的每項(xiàng)煩惱,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)其中九成的煩惱沒有發(fā)生。他們把剩下的一成煩惱仍然留在“煩惱箱”里,過了三周,再拿出來核對,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),那些煩惱已經(jīng)不成為煩惱了。結(jié)論:一般人的憂慮40%屬于過去,50%屬于未來,只有10%屬于現(xiàn)在。92%的憂慮沒有發(fā)生,剩下8%是你可以輕易應(yīng)付的。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)不必因親子關(guān)系出現(xiàn)裂痕而過于憂慮。
2.質(zhì)疑交流:訂立一份《家庭和約》
出示材料:最近,華華在自己的臥室門上掛上了“請勿打擾”的牌子,讓媽媽百思不得其解:“是自己做錯(cuò)了什么?還是孩子已經(jīng)獨(dú)立到非要掛牌子的地步?”爸爸也難過地說:“自從掛了那塊牌子,我覺得好好的家就像旅館似的?!钡A華卻不以為然。
教師行為:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論:父母為什么為難過?你對此怎么看待?如果是你遇到這種情況,你會(huì)怎么辦?如果與父母共同制定一個(gè)家庭規(guī)則并遵照家庭規(guī)則去做,結(jié)果可能會(huì)怎么樣?并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自擬提綱,與父母訂立一份《家庭合約》。
3.身體力行:預(yù)防父母“嘮叨”的招數(shù)
參照下面“預(yù)防父母‘嘮叨’的招數(shù)”,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生將其運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐。
學(xué)習(xí)方面:趕前不趕后,完成了作業(yè),父母嘮叨自然少了。
儀表方面:如果你對奇裝異服感興趣,那肯定在父母干涉之列,此類的盡量避免。
社交方面:社交本來是你的自由,但別忘了父母還是你的法定監(jiān)護(hù)人。所以,重要的是讓他們知道,你在哪里,干什么,和誰在一起?出門前說得越詳細(xì)越好,最好把聯(lián)系電話留下,大多數(shù)父母即使知道孩子的派對地址,也不會(huì)到現(xiàn)場來“捉拿”你的。
衛(wèi)生方面:起床疊被子,保持房間整潔,也是許多父母希望孩子養(yǎng)成的好習(xí)慣,如果你不講究這一套,就不讓他們看見,更不要讓他們插手打掃啦(否則更有話嘮叨你了)。適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候,來起早起,把自己的房間好好打掃一番,也捎帶打掃一下家里的其他房間,這會(huì)讓你的父母欣喜不已。
課前準(zhǔn)備:
本課內(nèi)容淺顯,不涉及更多倫理,主要是情感和實(shí)踐問題。要提高本課的教育實(shí)效,首先要在課前調(diào)查了解自己的學(xué)生,以加強(qiáng)教育的針對性和主動(dòng)性。具體包括以下幾個(gè)方面:①學(xué)生的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,哪些事容易引起與家長的沖突。②學(xué)生在化解與家長的沖突,有哪些成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。③學(xué)生在與家長的關(guān)系中,還存在哪些主要問題。④學(xué)生逆反心理在家庭關(guān)系中的反映。⑤能夠感染學(xué)生的例子,特別是在時(shí)間和空間上與學(xué)生接近的例子。
教學(xué)過程:
一.閱讀感悟——愛的沖突(見附錄)
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:引導(dǎo)思考:你是否也經(jīng)歷過“愛的沖突”?試舉一例。仔細(xì)體會(huì)材料,是爸爸媽媽不愛我們嗎?還是他們不知道怎樣表達(dá)愛?會(huì)不會(huì)是他們已經(jīng)表達(dá)了而我們卻未察覺?代溝,究竟誰不理解誰?是爸爸媽媽不理解我們,還是我們不理解爸爸媽媽?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過閱讀和回憶自身心靈深處的感動(dòng)和故事,讓學(xué)生讀懂父母的真誠與無私,為后面引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從自身角度分析逆反心理的危害作鋪墊。
二.理性分析——沖突的代價(jià)
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:連續(xù)性提問:你當(dāng)時(shí)是怎樣想的?最終結(jié)果怎樣?這個(gè)結(jié)果對你日后的學(xué)習(xí)和生活與影響嗎?如果有,請具體說明。現(xiàn)在你對這件事是怎樣想的?如果你當(dāng)時(shí)按你現(xiàn)在的想法去做,設(shè)想一下結(jié)果又會(huì)是怎樣?你認(rèn)為代溝產(chǎn)生的責(zé)任主要在于誰,為什么?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:意在讓學(xué)生體會(huì)家庭沖突的不快,體會(huì)逆反心理造成的影響親子關(guān)系、傷害父母和自己等危害,認(rèn)識(shí)到逆反心理所存在的不利的一面。這樣能讓學(xué)生理智地對待與家長的矛盾,不任性,會(huì)控制自己的不良情緒。
教師行為:指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),主要讓學(xué)生結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)歷談感受,通過體驗(yàn)明辨是非,以便在今后的生活中作出正確的行為選擇。因?yàn)闆_突的解決有正面和反面兩種體驗(yàn)。所以要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從兩個(gè)方面來談,既可以講正面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),也可以講反面的教訓(xùn)。
教學(xué)建議:在活動(dòng)中,要注意以下幾點(diǎn):引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論;注意保護(hù)學(xué)生的隱私;事件本身的介紹不必過細(xì),核心在于讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn);要注意學(xué)生思想的升華,即理性地看待處理問題的不同結(jié)果;可以在學(xué)生討論的基礎(chǔ)上對危害進(jìn)行梳理,如情感傷害、經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、阻礙家庭和個(gè)人發(fā)展等。
三.認(rèn)真聆聽——來自父母的心聲
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:出示材料:《孩子,我為什么會(huì)打你》(見附錄)。引導(dǎo)思考:你也有過挨打的經(jīng)歷嗎?當(dāng)時(shí)心里是怎么想的?現(xiàn)在如何看待這種經(jīng)歷?采訪自己的父母,問問他們當(dāng)時(shí)是怎么想的?看了這篇文章你有什么感想?
教師行為:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感受逆反心理導(dǎo)致的對父母的反抗,其結(jié)果都是懲罰了自己:不是拿自己的錯(cuò)誤懲罰自己,就是拿父母的錯(cuò)誤懲罰自己。這種結(jié)果也是對父母的一種傷害:不是拿自己的錯(cuò)誤傷害父母,就是拿家長的錯(cuò)誤傷害父母。同時(shí)幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到父母對孩子的愛是出自本能的,是最無私的,只不過在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,有些父母表達(dá)愛的方式令孩子們不太喜歡罷了。但這也不足以導(dǎo)致某些孩子過激的方式來“回報(bào)”親人。
四.出謀劃策——面對生活中的煩惱
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:就下列問題進(jìn)行討論交流:
①爸爸說寫完作業(yè)就讓我出去玩。我寫完作業(yè),媽媽又讓我再做兩道奧賽題……②媽媽說只要我期末考到班級前三名,就帶我去旅游。我真的考了第二名,媽媽卻說她沒有時(shí)間……引導(dǎo)討論:如果父母“說話不算數(shù)”,我們應(yīng)該怎么辦?
①媽媽非要我學(xué)鋼琴,我一點(diǎn)都不喜歡,我的志向是當(dāng)一個(gè)科學(xué)家。②媽媽很支持我,同意我學(xué)畫畫,可是現(xiàn)在我對它的前景不看好。③爸爸就知道讓我學(xué)習(xí),當(dāng)尖子生,可我總是考不到第一,失望極了。引導(dǎo)討論:如果父母的期望與你的愿望不一致,你是堅(jiān)持己見還是服從父母的意志?你會(huì)如何說服父母來支持你的愿望?
①父母偷看了我的日記;②父母將我的朋友拒之門外。引導(dǎo)討論:當(dāng)父母的做法“不合理”時(shí),你會(huì)怎么做?父母這樣做的用意何在?建議:可結(jié)合教材中的閱讀材料。
①一個(gè)同學(xué)說:我媽就是煩,每天我吃早飯的時(shí)候,她就說:“吃完早飯去喝牛奶,別忘了?!逼鋵?shí),牛奶和書包都放在我的寫字臺(tái)上,我上學(xué)拿書包,不就看見牛奶了嗎?真是的!②女兒晚上去看電影,九點(diǎn)多回家。媽媽說:“才回來,我到路上都看了好幾次了?!迸畠赫f:“媽媽真是的,難道看看就能把我看回來?”③我騎自行車上學(xué),爸媽每次都要叮嚀一句:“路上小心,注意安全?!币龑?dǎo)討論:父母講這些話的真正用意是什么?面對父母的嘮叨,怎樣做才會(huì)雙贏?這里重在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)悟同樣一句話可以有多種意思的理解,即鑼鼓聽音,說話聽聲。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:選取這些兩難問題,當(dāng)然這些都是青少年學(xué)生所關(guān)心的、跟他們的成長密切相關(guān)的話題,讓不同的價(jià)值觀念相互碰撞,激起個(gè)體的內(nèi)心價(jià)值沖突。讓學(xué)生自主探究增進(jìn)與父母的了解與溝通、化解沖突的辦法,并讓學(xué)生設(shè)想不同的方法可能帶來的后果,讓學(xué)生體會(huì)不同的態(tài)度、不同的溝通方式和處理方法所帶來的結(jié)果是不同的。
第二框 兩代人的對話(一課時(shí))
知識(shí)目標(biāo):與父母溝通的過程;與父母溝通的基本要領(lǐng);與父母交往的主要策略;以寬大胸懷和積極的態(tài)度與父母交往,不必非爭高下不可。
能力目標(biāo):會(huì)與父母溝通商量的能力;對多種可能解決問題的方式進(jìn)行選擇的能力;把握與父母交往的諸多策略的應(yīng)用能力;家庭交往中得失利弊的權(quán)衡能力。
情感態(tài)度和價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):對父母的尊重,對自己人格的維護(hù);崇尚與父母的平等,與父母共同遵守道德和法律準(zhǔn)則;提高與父母溝通、解決問題的主動(dòng)性;增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的責(zé)任意識(shí)和為家庭付出的主動(dòng)意識(shí)。
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)與父母進(jìn)行溝通,彼此袒露內(nèi)心世界,進(jìn)而達(dá)到相互理解進(jìn)行溝通的正確方法,并學(xué)習(xí)雙贏的溝通策略。這既是本課的重點(diǎn),也是本課的難點(diǎn)。
課前準(zhǔn)備
對模擬表演先作出布置。這個(gè)模擬扮演活動(dòng),意在幫助學(xué)生正確地與父母溝通,要考慮多種因素和可能,正確解決與父母的矛盾。要把劇情讓學(xué)生看仔細(xì),讓學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)可能遇到的種種情形,最后找出雙方可以接受的辦法。應(yīng)該給學(xué)生提出要求,在準(zhǔn)備扮演活動(dòng)中整理自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方法。
教學(xué)過程
一、借我一雙慧眼——正確看待與父母的沖突
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:根據(jù)書上的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)“家不是說理的地方。俗話說得好,清官難斷家務(wù)事”和“家是愛的港灣,因?yàn)榧依锏拿芤桩a(chǎn)生、也易解決,關(guān)鍵看我們怎么對待”進(jìn)行討論。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確認(rèn)識(shí)家庭矛盾,因?yàn)榭浯笈c父母的矛盾,會(huì)在處理家庭關(guān)系時(shí)有抵觸情緒,妨礙溝通;看不到矛盾,會(huì)不在意解決與父母的矛盾,也不利于矛盾的解決和學(xué)生的進(jìn)步。
教師活動(dòng):先讓學(xué)生發(fā)表自己的看法,然后由老師舉個(gè)具體的例子設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)情境,分析處理方法,接著讓學(xué)生講自己如何處理家庭矛盾,最終得出有必要、有辦法解決家庭矛盾的結(jié)論。當(dāng)學(xué)生的爭辯僵持不下的時(shí)候,老師要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生異中見同;當(dāng)學(xué)生爭辯趨同的時(shí)候,老師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生同中見異。這樣有助于提高學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)問題和解決問題的能力。
教學(xué)建議:在活動(dòng)中,要注意滲透辨證的觀點(diǎn),要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生更深入地思考。比如清官難斷家務(wù)事,可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析:家務(wù)事通常屬于什么性質(zhì)?是不是每件事只有一個(gè)答案?不同的觀點(diǎn)和行為分別有什么合理的地方?如果站在對方的立場上來理解和思考,你會(huì)不會(huì)一定堅(jiān)持自己的主見?在各有利弊的情況下,尊重別人的選擇會(huì)帶來什么好處?在自己有理的情況下,應(yīng)不應(yīng)得理不讓人?可以不同意別人的做法,要不要尊重別人的選擇?又如說明家中矛盾容易解決,要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析其中的原因,從父母愛子女、體諒子女的困難、期待子女更好等角度,論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。討論和爭辯的過程,是道德學(xué)習(xí)的過程,也是學(xué)生體驗(yàn)的過程,對于掌握與家人交往的方法和藝術(shù)、提高教育實(shí)效有重大作用。
二、敢問路在何方——掌握與父母交往的方法
1.理解父母
閱讀感悟:出示寓言故事:一把堅(jiān)實(shí)的大鎖掛在大門上,一根鐵桿費(fèi)了九牛二虎之力,還是無法將它撬開。鑰匙來了,他瘦小的身子鉆進(jìn)鎖孔,只輕輕一轉(zhuǎn),大鎖就“啪”地一聲打開了。
鐵桿奇怪地問:“為什麼我費(fèi)了那麼大力氣也打不開,而你卻輕而易舉就把它打開了?”鑰匙說:“因?yàn)槲易盍私馑男摹!?設(shè)問:寓言給了我們什么啟示?
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感悟到每個(gè)人的心,都像上了鎖的大門,任你再粗的鐵棒也撬不開。唯有理解,才是打開別人心鎖的鑰匙,與父母的交往亦如此。
案例分析:結(jié)合教材中小冰的例子,小冰冒火的理由是什么?爸爸的理由是什么?你的協(xié)調(diào)辦法是什么?讓學(xué)生選擇A、干脆不去同學(xué)家了;B、按照家長的意思辦,8點(diǎn)前到家;C、先斬后奏,寫完作業(yè)、看完錄像再回來。你還有什么好辦法嗎?
教師活動(dòng):指導(dǎo)學(xué)生開展這一活動(dòng),第一步可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考處理這一問題的各種可能,并分析其利弊。比如:不到同學(xué)家做作業(yè)、看錄象了,會(huì)導(dǎo)致對同學(xué)失信,自己也不滿意,由此還會(huì)遷怒于家長;按家長的要求做,這保證了安全和休息,可未必有時(shí)間看錄象,自己和同學(xué)都不能盡興;不理家長的要求,寫完作業(yè)、看完錄象再回來,這會(huì)讓家長擔(dān)心、著急,說不定到現(xiàn)場親自捉拿;與家長協(xié)商,雙方都作些讓步,可能雙方都滿意。第二步在分析各種可能、權(quán)衡各種利弊后,不同的學(xué)生會(huì)有不同的方法,這時(shí)可以對這些具體方法進(jìn)行再剖析,在比較中選擇最優(yōu)方案。第三步,讓學(xué)生把思考和解決這一問題的過程梳理一下,上升到一般方法論的高度,即引導(dǎo)學(xué)生善于與家長溝通,向本框教育目標(biāo)靠攏。
教學(xué)建議:在活動(dòng)中,要注意尊重學(xué)生的分析和選擇,不應(yīng)該預(yù)定某種解決問題的模式;鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生大膽設(shè)想方案,分析利弊,正確選擇;老師要有足夠的準(zhǔn)備,應(yīng)對學(xué)生討論中的難以預(yù)料的情況。當(dāng)老師遇到?jīng)]有把握回答或者難以駕馭的問題時(shí),可以在鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生的同時(shí),將問題留待課下探究。
2.尊重父母
案例分析:母親要到另一個(gè)城市去,臨行前母親問女兒:“回來我想給你買件衣服,可不知你喜歡什么樣的?”女兒回答:“您只要把服裝店里您瞧著最不順眼的衣服買回來就行了?!币龑?dǎo)討論:為什么親子間的價(jià)值觀會(huì)有如此大的差異?這種差異還可能表現(xiàn)在生活中的哪些方面?會(huì)對家庭關(guān)系產(chǎn)生什么影響?對待這種差異是任之發(fā)展還是設(shè)法解決?如果你與父母的價(jià)值觀不一致,你會(huì)怎么做?
閱讀感悟:《珍珠與谷物》(見附錄)
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:重在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)悟:珍珠和公雞的價(jià)值觀不同,是因?yàn)樗鼈兊男枰煌?。價(jià)值不是固有的,事物的價(jià)值在于使用者的需要。了解價(jià)值觀取向是影響相互關(guān)系的一個(gè)重要原因,常言“話不投機(jī)半句多”。進(jìn)而引導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)“多元價(jià)值觀”存在是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí),父母和孩子的價(jià)值取向不同是正常的。
教學(xué)建議:可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考,自己哪些方面和父母價(jià)值觀存在沖突?增進(jìn)學(xué)生了解自己和父輩的價(jià)值取向差別的主要內(nèi)容,如對服裝的要求,父母在意便宜,寧可式樣老一些;少年在意時(shí)尚,寧可質(zhì)量差一些等。引導(dǎo)領(lǐng)悟親子沖突不是父母變了,也不是自己變壞了,而是自己長大了。這一認(rèn)識(shí)很重要,是積極溝通的前提。因?yàn)楹芏嗍虑闊o所謂對錯(cuò),如頭發(fā)的長短等,僅僅是一種文化。親子間的矛盾和沖突不一定干戈相見,它是可以通過良好的溝通和接納多元價(jià)值觀而緩解的。
3.認(rèn)真聆聽
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:尋找父母與我們的共同點(diǎn):問問父母,他們像你這么大的時(shí)候,他們最崇拜的人是誰?為什么?他們有些什么想法和愿望?他們的父母容許他們做什么,不容許他們做什么?他們是如何爭取更多的自由和空間的……
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:家長在回憶自己少年往事的時(shí)候,一般會(huì)很自豪地,不知不覺中放下家長的架子和孩子敞開心扉。這時(shí),他們更容易理解孩子目前的經(jīng)歷和感受,認(rèn)真考慮孩子獨(dú)立的要求,甚至向孩子做出妥協(xié)和讓步。從而引導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)原來爸爸媽媽有這么多與自己相似的行為特征,并把這種新感覺描述下來。
4.講究藝術(shù)
出示材料:母親在數(shù)落兒子,兒子一邊看書一邊聆聽教誨。忽然兒子問母親:“媽媽,一本內(nèi)容枯燥冗長的書和說話羅嗦有什么區(qū)別?”母親不假思索地回答:“你可以把書丟一邊,可是卻無法叫羅嗦的人閉嘴。”說完,母親突然恍然大悟。“啊!你是在嫌我羅嗦呀!”母子倆都笑了。兒子用幽默的方法不僅提醒了習(xí)慣嘮叨的母親,而且自然地避免了母子之間的沖突。請出幾個(gè)類似的金點(diǎn)子。
教師行為:在引導(dǎo)的時(shí)候,重點(diǎn)應(yīng)提示學(xué)生“策略”內(nèi)容并不重要,而且因人而異;重要的是當(dāng)我們面對問題的時(shí)候,要學(xué)習(xí)思考什么是雙贏的策略?要盡量避免“不滿——沖突——冷戰(zhàn)”這樣的應(yīng)對模式。
教學(xué)建議:要提示學(xué)生,沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案,每個(gè)人的處境不一樣,價(jià)值觀取向不一樣,對一個(gè)人是好的選擇,對另一個(gè)人未必是好的。當(dāng)沒有“最好”即沒有雙贏時(shí),要選擇“更好”。
5.模擬溝通
活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:根據(jù)教材中小莉的例子模擬與家長溝通的過程。
設(shè)計(jì)意圖:第二個(gè)活動(dòng)側(cè)重于探究處理沖突的步驟,這個(gè)活動(dòng)側(cè)重于讓學(xué)生掌握與父母溝通的要領(lǐng),不光有個(gè)步驟問題,更是情感交流的過程。溝通涉及的經(jīng)驗(yàn)很多,核心是以愛的方式尊重父母,理解父母。
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